The Chuya is a tributary of the Katun, in Altai Republic, Russia.
Chuya may also refer to:
- Chuya (Irkutsk Oblast), an abolished village in Mamsko-Chuysky District, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia
- Chuya (Lena), a tributary of the Lena, in Buryatia and Irkutsk Oblast, Russia
- Chuya Belki, a mountainous region in the Altai Mountains
- Chuya Steppe, an intermontane basin in the Altai Mountains
- Chūya Nakahara (1907–1937), Japanese poet