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Genus of orchids
Gastrodia , commonly known as potato orchids ,[2] is a genus of terrestrial leafless orchids in the family Orchidaceae, about ninety of which have been described. Orchids in this genus have fleshy, upright stems and small to medium-sized resupinate flowers with narrow sepals and petals . They are native to Asia (China, the Russian Far East , Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent ), Australia, New Zealand, central Africa, and various islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.[1]
Description Orchids in the genus Gastrodia are leafless, terrestrial, mycotrophic herbs with a fleshy, underground rhizome and an upright flowering stem with a few to many brownish, resupinate flowers. The sepals and petals are fused to form a bell-shaped or irregular tube with the tips free. The petals are usually much smaller than the sepals and the labellum has three lobes and is fully enclosed in the tube.[2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]
Taxonomy The genus Gastrodia was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown and the description was published in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen . The type species is Gastrodia sesamoides .[8]
List of species The following is a list of species of Gastrodia recognised by Plants of the World Online as of September 2021:[1]
Gastrodia abscondita J.J.Sm. - JavaGastrodia africana Kraenzl. - CameroonGastrodia agnicellus Hermans & P.J.Cribb - MadagascarGastrodia albida T.C.Hsu, & C.M.Kuo - TaiwanGastrodia albidoides Y.H.Tan & T.C.Hsu - YunnanGastrodia amamiana Suetsugu - JapanGastrodia angusta S.Chow & S.C.Chen - YunnanGastrodia appendiculata C.S.Leou & N.J.Chung Gastrodia arunachalensis S.N.Hegde & A.N.Rao – Arunachal PradeshGastrodia ballii P.J.Cribb & Browning - Malawi, Zimbabwe, MozambiqueGastrodia bambu Metusala - JavaGastrodia boninensis Tuyama - Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Islands of Japan)Gastrodia cajanoae Barcelona & Pelser - Java, TaiwanGastrodia callosa J.J.Sm. - Java, TaiwanGastrodia celebica Schltr. - SulawesiGastrodia clausa T.C.Hsu, S.W.Chung & C.M.Kuo - Taiwan, OkinawaGastrodia confusa Honda & Tuyama - Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Bonin Islands, Ryukyu IslandsGastrodia confusoides T.C.Hsu, S.W.Chung & C.M.Kuo - TaiwanGastrodia cooperae Lehnebach & J.R.Rolfe - New ZealandGastrodia crassisepala L.O.Williams - New GuineaGastrodia crebriflora D.L.Jones - Queensland Gastrodia crispa J.J.Sm. – JavaGastrodia cunninghamii Hook.f. - Vanuatu, New Zealand (including Chatham Island)Gastrodia damingshanensis A.Q.Hu & T.C.Hsu Gastrodia dyeriana King & Pantl. - Sikkim, DarjilingGastrodia effusa P.T.Ong & P.O'Byrne - Sabah, Peninsular MalaysiaGastrodia elata Blume - much of China (including Tibet and Taiwan), Japan, Korea, Russian Far East, Assam, Bhutan, NepalGastrodia elatoides W.C.Huang, G.W.Hu & Q.F.Wang - MadagascarGastrodia entomogama D.L.Jones - A.C.T. Gastrodia exilis Hook.f. - India, Assam, Thailand, SumatraGastrodia falconeri D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. - Pakistan, northern India, NepalGastrodia fimbriata Suddee - ThailandGastrodia flavilabella S.S.Ying - TaiwanGastrodia flexistyla T.C.Hsu & C.M.Kuo - TaiwanGastrodia flexistyloides Suetsugu Gastrodia fontinalis T.P.Lin - TaiwanGastrodia fujianensis Liang Ma, Xin Y.Chen & S.P.Chen - China (Fujian)Gastrodia gracilis Blume - Taiwan, HonshuGastrodia grandilabris Carr - SabahGastrodia gunatillekeorum Bandara, Priyankara & Kumar - Sri LankaGastrodia holttumii Carr Gastrodia huapingenisi X.Y.Huang, A.Q.Hu & Yan Liu Gastrodia isabelensis T.C.Hsu Gastrodia javanica (Blume ) Lindl. - Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Taiwan, Fujian, Ryukyu IslandsGastrodia kachinensis X.H.Jin & L.A.Ye – MyanmarGastrodia kaohsiungensis T.P.Lin – TaiwanGastrodia kuroshimensis Suetsugu - JapanGastrodia lacista D.L.Jones - Western Australia Gastrodia longitubularis Q.W.Meng, X.Q.Song & Y.B.Luo - HainanGastrodia madagascariensis H.Perrier ex Martos & Bytebier - MadagascarGastrodia major Aver. - VietnamGastrodia maliauensis Suetsugu, Suleiman & Tsukaya - Borneo (Sabah)Gastrodia menghaiensis Z.H.Tsi & S.C.Chen - YunnanGastrodia minor Petrie - New ZealandGastrodia mishmensis A.N.Rao, Harid. & S.N.Hegde Gastrodia molloyi Lehneback & J.R.Rolfe - New ZealandGastrodia nantoensis T.C.Hsu, C.M.Kuo ex T.P.Lin Gastrodia nipponica Honda) Tuyama - Taiwan, Japan, Ryukyu IslandsGastrodia nipponicoides Suetsugu Gastrodia × nippouraiensis Suetsugu & T.C.Hsu - Nansei-shoto Gastrodia okinawensis Suetsugu Gastrodia papuana Schltr. - New GuineaGastrodia peichatieniana S.S.Ying Gastrodia phangngaensis Suddee Gastrodia procera G.W.Carr - N.S.W. , Vic. , A.C.T. , Tas. Gastrodia pubilabiata Y.Sawa - Taiwan, JapanGastrodia punctata Aver. - VietnamGastrodia putaoensis X.H.Jin - MyanmarGastrodia queenslandica Dockrill - QueenslandGastrodia rubinea T.P.Lin - TaiwanGastrodia rwandensis Eb.Fisch. & Killmann - RwandaGastrodia sabahensis J.J.Wood & A.L.Lamb Gastrodia selabintanensis Tsukaya & Hidayat Gastrodia sesamoides R.Br. - Australia Gastrodia shimizuana Tuyama - Iriomote, TaiwanGastrodia silentvalleyana C.S.Kumar, P.C.S.Kumar, Sibi & S.Anil Kumar - KeralaGastrodia similis Bosser - RéunionGastrodia solomonensis T.C.Hsu Gastrodia spatulata (Carr ) J.J.Wood - SabahGastrodia stapfii Hayata Gastrodia sui C.S.Leou, T.C.Hsu & C.R.Yeh - TaiwanGastrodia surcula D.L.Jones - New South WalesGastrodia taiensis Tuyama - VietnamGastrodia takeshimensis Suetsugu Gastrodia tembatensis P.T.Ong & P.O'Byrne - Peninsular MalaysiaGastrodia theana Aver. - VietnamGastrodia tonkinensis Aver. & Averyanova Gastrodia tuberculata F.Y.Liu & S.C.Chen - YunnanGastrodia umbrosa B.Gray - QueenslandGastrodia uraiensis T.C.Hsu & C.M.Kuo - TaiwanGastrodia urceolata D.L. Jones - QueenslandGastrodia verrucosa Blume - Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Java, SumatraGastrodia vescula D.L.Jones - South AustraliaGastrodia wuyishanensis Da M.Li & C.D.Liu - FujianGastrodia zeylanica Schltr. - Sri LankaReferences External links Media related to Gastrodia at Wikimedia Commons