List of state leaders in the 1st century

Africa: East

Ethiopia

• Kingdom of Aksum (complete list) –

• Zoskales, King (c.100)

Africa: Northeast

Nubia

• Kush (complete list) –

• Natakamani, King (c.1 BC–c.20 AD)
• Amanitore, Queen Co-regent (c.1 BC–?)
• Shorkaror, King (c.20–30)
• Pisakar, King (mid 1st century)
• Amanitaraqide, King (mid 1st century)
• Amanitenmemide, King (mid 1st century)
• Amanikhatashan, Queen Regent (c.62–c.85)
• Teritnide, King (late 1st century)

Africa: Northwest

Morocco

• Mauretania (complete list) –

• Juba II, client King under Rome (25 BC–23 AD)
• Ptolemy, client King under Rome (20–40)

Americas: Mesoamerica

Maya civilization

• Tikal (complete list) –

• Yax Ehb Xook, Ajaw (c.90)

Asia: Central

Mongolia

• Xianbei state –

• Bianhe, Chieftain (c.49)
• Yuchoupen, Chieftain (c.54)

Asia: East

China

• Western Han, China (complete list) –

• Ping, Emperor (1 BC–5 AD)
• Ruzi Ying, Emperor (6–8)

• Xin dynasty, China –

• Wang Mang, Emperor (9–23)

• Eastern Han, China (complete list) –

• Gengshi, Emperor (23–25)
• Guangwu, Emperor (25–57)
• Ming, Emperor (58–75)
• Zhang, Emperor (76–88)
• He, Emperor (89–105)

Korea

• Baekje (complete list) –

• Onjo, King (18 BC–28 AD)
• Daru, King (28–77)
• Giru, King (77–128)

• Dongbuyeo (complete list) –

• Daeso, King (7 BC–22 AD)

• Goguryeo (complete list) –

• Yuri, King (19 BC–18 AD)
• Daemusin, King (18–44)
• Minjung, King (44–48)
• Mobon, King (48–53)
• Taejodae, King (53–146)

• Silla (complete list) –

• Hyeokgeose, King (57 BC–4 AD)
• Namhae, King (4–24)
• Yuri, King (24–57)
• Talhae, King (57–80)
• Pasa, King (80–112)

Asia: Southeast

Cambodia

• Funan –

• Soma, Queen (late 1st century)
• Hùntián, King (1st/2nd century)

Vietnam

• Lĩnh Nam (complete list) –

• Trưng Trắc, Queen (40–43); Trưng Nhị, Vicereine (40–43)

Asia: South

India

• Indo-Greek Kingdom (complete list) –

• Strato II and Strato III, Kings of Eastern Punjab (25 BC–10 AD)

• Kushan Empire (complete list) –

• Heraios, Clan chief (c.1–c.30)
• Kujula Kadphises, Ruler/Emperor (c.30–c.80)
• Vima Takto, Ruler/Emperor (c.80–c.95)
• Vima Kadphises, Ruler/Emperor (c.95–c.127)

• Satavahana dynasty (Purana-based chronology)^[1] –

• Satakarni III, King (1 BC–1 AD)
• Pulumavi I, King (1–36)
• Gaura Krishna, King (36–61)
• Hāla, King (61–66)
• Mandalaka aka Puttalaka or Pulumavi II, King (69–71)
• Purindrasena, King (71–76)
• Sundara Satakarni, King (76–77)
• Chakora Satakarni, King (77–78)
• Shivasvati, King (78–106)

• Northern Satraps (complete list) –

• Rajuvula, Great Satrap (c.10–25)
• Bhadayasa, Satrap (early 1st century)
• Sodasa, Satrap (early 1st century)

• Western Satraps (complete list) –

• Abhiraka, Satrap (1st century)

Pakistan

• Apracharajas (complete list) –

• Vijayamitra, Raja (12 BC–15 AD)
• Indravasu, Raja (c.15)
• Vispavarma, Raja (c.5/6–20)
• Aspavarman, Raja (c.15–45)^[2]
• Sasan, Raja (c.45–50)^[2]

• Indo-Parthian Kingdom (complete list) –

• Sarpedones, King (c.19–20)
• Gondophares, King (c.19–46)
• Gadana, King (46–55)
• Abdagases I, King (46–60)
• Sases, King (mid 1st-century)
• Ubouzanes, King (late 1st-century)
• Pacores, King (100–135)

• Indo-Scythians (complete list) –

• Zeionises, Sub-king (c.10 BC–10 AD)
• Kharahostes, Sub-king (c.10 BC–10 AD)

Sri Lanka

• Anuradhapura Kingdom (complete list) –

• Bhatikabhaya Abhaya, King (20 BC–9 AD)
• Mahadathika Mahanaga, King (9–21 AD)
• Amandagamani Abhaya, King (21–30)
• Kanirajanu Tissa, King (30–33)
• Chulabhaya, King (33–35)
• Sivali, King (35–35)
• Ilanaga, King (38–44)
• Chandamukha, King (44–52)
• Yassalalaka Tissa, King (52–60)
• Subharaja, King (60–66)
• Vasabha, King (66–110)

Asia: West

• Commagene (complete list) –

• Antiochus III, King (12 BC–17 AD)
• Antiochus IV, King (38–72)

• Nabataean kingdom (complete list) –

• Aretas IV Philopatris, King (9/8 BC–39/40 AD)
• Malichus II, King (39/40–69/70)
• Rabbel II Soter, King (70/71–106)

• Osroene (complete list) –

• Abgar V, King (4 BC–7 AD, 13–50)
• Ma'nu IV, King (7–13 AD)
• Ma'nu V, King (50–57)
• Ma'nu VI, King (57–71)
• Abgar VI, King (71–91)
• Sanatruk, King (91–109)

• Parthian Empire (complete list) –

• Musa, Great Queen, Shah (2 BC–4 AD)
• Phraates V, Great King, Shah (2 BC–4 AD)
• Orodes III, Great King, Shah (4–6)
• Vonones I, Great King, Shah (6–12)
• Artabanus II, Great King, Shah (10–35)
• Tiridates III, Great King, Shah (35–36)
• Artabanus II, Great King, Shah (36–38)
• Vardanes I, Great King, Shah (40–47)
• Gotarzes II, Great King, Shah (40–51)
• Vonones II, Great King, Shah (51)
• Vologases I, Great King, Shah (51–78)
• Vardanes II, Great King, Shah (55–58)
• Vologases II, Great King, Shah (77–80)
• Pacorus II, Great King, Shah (78–105)
• Artabanus IV, Great King, Shah (80–90)

• Adiabene (complete list) –

• Izates I, client King under Parthia (?–20s AD)^[3]
• Monobaz I, client King under Parthia (20s–c.36)^[4]
• Heleni, Queen (c.30–c.58)
• Izates bar Monobaz, client King under Parthia (c.36–55/59)
• Vologases I, a Parthian rebel opposing Izates II (c.50)
• Monobaz II, client King under Parthia (55/59–late 60s/mid-70s)^[4]
• Meharaspes, client King under Parthia (?–116)

• Characene (complete list) –

• Attambelos II, client King under Parthia (c.17/16 BC–8/9 AD)
• Abinergaos I, client King under Parthia (10/11–22/23)
• Orabazes I, client King under Parthia (c.19)
• Attambelos III, client King under Parthia (c.37/38–44/45)
• Theonesios II, client King under Parthia (c.46/47)
• Theonesios III, client King under Parthia (c.52/53)
• Attambelos IV, client King under Parthia (54/55–64/65)
• Attambelos V, client King under Parthia (64/65–73/74)
• Orabazes II, client King under Parthia (c.73–80)
• Pakoros II, client King under Parthia (80–101/02)

• Elymais (complete list) –

• Kamnaskires VII, client King under Parthia (c.28 BC–c.1 AD)^[5]
• Kamnaskires VIII, client King under Parthia (c.1–c.15 AD)^[6]
• Kamnaskires IX, client King under Parthia (c.15–c.25)^[7]
• Orodes I, client King under Parthia (c.25–c.50)
• Orodes II, client King under Parthia (c.50–c.70)
• Phraates, client King under Parthia (c.70–c.90)^[8]
• Orodes III, client King under Parthia (c.90–c.100)^[9]
• Kamnaskires-Orodes, client King under Parthia (c.100–c.120)^[10]

• Siraces –

• Zorsines, King (fl. 41–49)

Roman Asia

• Cappadocia (complete list) –

• Archelaus, client King under Rome (36 BC–17 AD)

• Judea: Herodian dynasty (complete list) –

• Herod the Great, client King under Rome (37–4 BC)
• Herod Archelaus, client Ethnarch of Judaea under Rome (4 BC–6 AD)
• Herod Antipas, client Tetrarch of Galilee under Rome (4 BC–39 AD)
• Philip the Tetrarch (or Herod Philip II), client Tetrarch of Iturea, Trachonitis, and Batanaea under Rome (4 BC–34 AD)
• Salome I, client Toparch of Jabneh under Rome (4 BC–10 AD)
• Herod Agrippa I

• client King of Batanaea under Rome (37–41)
• client King of Galilee under Rome (40–41)
• client King of all Judaea under Rome (41–44)

• Herod of Chalcis, client Tetrarch of Chalcis under Rome (41–48)
• Herod Agrippa II

• client Tetrarch of Chalcis under Rome (48–53)
• client Tetrarch of Batanaea under Rome (53–c.92)

• Aristobulus of Chalcis

• Client king of Armenia Minor under Rome (55–72)
• Client tetrarch of Chalcis under Rome (57–92)

• Pontus (complete list) –

• Pythodorida, client queen under Rome (8 BC–38 AD)
• Polemon II, client King under Rome (38–64)

Europe: Balkans

• Bosporan Kingdom (complete list) –

• Aspurgus, client king under Rome (8 BC–38 AD)^[11]
• Polemon II, client king under Rome (38–41)^[11]
• Rhescuporis I (?), client king under Rome (14–42)^[11]
• Mithridates III, client king under Rome (42–46)^[11]
• Cotys I, client king under Rome (46–78)^[11]
  • Incorporated as a part of the Roman Province of Moesia Inferior (63–68)
• Rhescuporis II, client king under Rome (78–93)^[11]
• Sauromates I, client king under Rome (93–123)^[11]

• Dacia (complete list) –

• Comosicus, King (44 BC–28 AD)^[12]
• Scorilo, King (c.28–68 AD)^[12]
• Duras, King (68–87)^[13]
• Decebalus, King (87–106)^[14][15]

• Odrysian kingdom of Thrace (complete list) –

• Rhoemetalces I, client King of Thrace under Rome (12 BC–12 AD)
• Rhescuporis II, client King of western Thrace under Rome (12–19)
• Cotys III, client King of eastern Thrace under Rome (12–18)
• Rhoemetalces II, client King of Thrace under Rome (19–38)
• Rhoemetalces III, client King of Thrace under Rome (38–46)

Europe: British Isles

• Brigantes –

• Cartimandua, Queen (43–69)
• Venutius, King (?–c.52, 69–?)
• Vellocatus, King (c.52–c.69)

• Cantiaci –

• Vodenos, King (?–15)
• Eppillus, King (15–?)

• Catuvellauni (complete list) –

• Tasciovanus, King (c.20 BC–9 AD)
• Cunobelinus, King (9–40 AD)
• Togodumnus, King (?–43)
• Caratacus, King (?–c.50)

• Corieltauvi –

• Volisios, King (c.45)
• Dumnocoveros, Sub-king under Volisios (c.45)
• Dubnovellaunus, Sub-king under Volisios (c.45)
• Cartivelios, Sub-king under Volisios (c.45)

• Iceni –

• Can, King (?–25)
• Antedios, King (25–40s)
• Prasutagus, King (47–60)
• Boudica, Queen (60–61)

• Regni –

• Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus, King (43–?)

Europe: Central

• Marcomanni (complete list) –

• Maroboduus, King (9 BC–19 AD)

Europe: Southcentral

• Roman Empire: Principate (complete list) –

• Augustus/ Octavian, Principate, Emperor (27 BC–14 AD)
• Tiberius, Principate, Emperor (14–37)
• Gaius "Caligula", Emperor (37–41)
• Claudius, Emperor (41–54)
• Nero, Emperor (54–68)
• Galba, Emperor (68–69)
• Otho, Emperor (69)
• Vitellius, Emperor (69)
• Vespasian, Emperor (69–79)
• Titus, Emperor (79–81)
• Domitian, Emperor (81–96)
• Nerva, Emperor (96–98)
• Trajan, Emperor (98–117)

• See also: List of Roman consuls

Europe: West

• Atrebates (complete list) –

• Tincomarus, client King of Thrace under Rome (c.20 BC–7 AD)
• Eppillus, client King of Thrace under Rome (8–15)
• Verica, client King of Thrace under Rome (15–40)

• Batavians –

• Gaius Julius Civilis, Leader (?–c.70)

Eurasia: Caucasus

• Armenia (complete list) –

• Ariobarzanes II, client King under Rome (2 BC–4 AD)
• Artavasdes III, client King under Rome (4–6)
• Tigranes V, client King under Rome (6–12)
• Interregnum under Parthia
• Artaxias III, client King under Rome (18–35)
• Arsaces I, client King under Parthia (35)
• Orodes, client King under Parthia (35, 37–42)
• Mithridates, client King under Rome (35–37, 42–51)
• Rhadamistus, client King under Rome (51–53, 53–54)
• Tiridates I, client King under Rome (53)

• Iberia (Kartli) (complete list) –

• Arshak II, King (20 BC–1 AD)
• Pharasmanes I, the Great, King (1–58 AD)
• Mihrdat I, King (58–106)

• List of political entities in the 1st century