Southern Lushootseed, also called Twulshootseed (txʷəlšucid) or Whulshootseed (xʷəlšucid) in the Muckleshoot and Snoqualmie dialects, is the southern dialect of Lushootseed, a Coast Salish language in western Washington State.[2] It was historically spoken by the Muckleshoot, Puyallup, Suquamish, Duwamish, Nisqually, and Squaxin Island tribes. The last native speaker was Ellen Williams (1923–2016) and her death rendered the language extinct.[3][4][5]
| Southern Lushootseed | |
|---|---|
| Twulshootseed, Whulshootseed | |
| |
| Native to | United States |
| Region | Washington |
| Extinct | 4 January 2016, with the death of Ellen Williams[1] |
Salishan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | slh |
| Glottolog | sout2965 |
Whulshootseed is taught at the Muckleshoot Language Program of the Muckleshoot Tribal College in Auburn, Washington, at a local school, and by the Puyallup Tribal Language Program.[6][7][8] A 1999 video, Muckleshoot: a People and Their Language profiles the Muckleshoot Whulshootseed Language Preservation Project.[9]
See also
References
External links
- The Whulshootseed alphabet
- Placenames, Squaxin Island tribe
- Puyallup Tribal Language Program, Whulshootseed learning materials