Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz: Difference between revisions

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In the late 1920s he turned to the novel, writing two works, ''Farewell to Autumn'' and ''[[Insatiability]]''. The latter major work encompasses geopolitics, psychoactive drugs, and philosophy. In 1935 he was awarded the Golden Laurel of the [[Polish Academy of Literature]] for his novels.<ref name="literat">{{cite web | url=http://literat.ug.edu.pl/autors/witkacy.htm | title=Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz | publisher=''Virtual Library of Polish Literature'' | accessdate=13 December 2011 | author=Prof. dr hab. Miłosława Bulowska Schielman}}</ref>
 
During the 1930s, Witkiewicz published a text on his experiences of narcotics, including [[peyote]], and pursued his interests in philosophy. He also promoted emerging writers such as [[Bruno Schulz]]. Shortly after [[Poland]] was [[Defence War of 1939|invaded]] by Germany in September 1939, he escaped with his young lover Czesława to the rural [[Kresy|frontier]] town of [[Jeziory (Ukraine)|Jeziory]], in what was then [[History of Poland (1918–1939)|eastern Poland]]. After hearing the news of the [[Soviet invasion of Poland]] on 17 September 1939, Witkacy committed suicide on 18 September by taking a drug overdose and trying to slit his wrists.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/Slavonic/Witkiew.htm|title=Stanislaw Ignacy Witkiewicz|author1=Donald Pirie |author2=John Bates |author3=Elwira Grossman |accessdate=16 April 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208023114/http://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/Slavonic/Witkiew.htm|archivedate=8 February 2009|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He convinced Czesława to attempt suicide with him by consuming [[Phenobarbital|Luminal]], but she survived.<ref>Journal of Czesława Oknińska, quoted in: {{cite book|last1=Gerould|first1=Daniel Charles|last2=Witkiewicz|first2=Stanisław Ignacy|title=The Witkiewicz Reader|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A-0qcaoHr8IC&source=gbs_navlinks_s|accessdate=22 November 2009|year=1992|publisher=Northwestern University Press|isbn=978-0-8101-0994-0|page=275|chapter=Part 5: Philosophy and Suicide, 1931–1939|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=A-0qcaoHr8IC&pg=RA1-PA271&lpg=RA1-PA271&source=bl&ots=Fh9h60YkTi&sig=72cPOb3aWsQiFQs4nSV4VWpLhPI&hl=en&ei=GHMJS7_5IceVtgfUjOy1Cg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CBMQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&f=false}}</ref>
 
Witkiewicz had died in some obscurity but his reputation began to rise soon after the war, which had destroyed his life and devastated Poland. [[Czesław Miłosz]] framed his argument in ''[[The Captive Mind]]'' around a discussion of Witkiewicz's novel, ''Insatiability''. The artist and theater director [[Tadeusz Kantor]] was inspired by the ''Cricot'' group, through which Witkiewicz had presented his final plays in [[Kraków]]. Kantor brought many of the plays back into currency, first in Poland and then internationally.
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In the postwar period, [[Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa|Communist Poland]]'s Ministry of Culture decided to exhume Witkiewicz's body, move it to [[Zakopane]], and give it a solemn funeral. This was carried out according to plan, though no one was allowed to open the coffin that had been delivered by the Soviet authorities.
 
On 26 November 1994, the Polish [[Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland|Ministry of Culture and Art]] ordered the exhumation of the presumed grave of Witkiewicz in Zakopane. Genetic tests on the remaining bones proved that the body had belonged to an unknown woman&nbsp;— a final [[absurdism|absurdist]] joke, fifty years after the publication of Witkacy's last novel.<ref>"...Przeprowadzone badania wykazują, że szczątki kostne, przywiezione w 1988 roku ze wsi Jeziory na Ukrainie należą do kobiety w wieku 25–30 lat, o wzroście około 164 cm. ..."'' ("the tests conducted indicate that the bone remains, brought in 1988 from the village Jeziory in the Ukraine, belong to a woman 25–30 years old and about 164&nbsp;cm tall...") from the protocol of the commission called by the Ministry of Culture and Art after the exhumation on 26 November 1994 of the presumed grave of Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz at Pęksowy Brzyzek" cemetery in [[Zakopane]]. From: {{webarchivecite web |url=http://marczewski.pl/produ_witkacy_2.php |title=Maciej Pinkwart, "Wygraliśmy" |accessdate=2015-01-28 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100120020913/http://marczewski.pl/produ_witkacy_2.php |datearchivedate=20 January 2010 |titledf=Maciej Pinkwart, "Wygraliśmy"dmy-all }} in: "Moje Zakopane" dn. 21 February 2005. (Source: ''Komunikat Komisji powołanej przez Ministra Kultury i Sztuki do spraw pochówku Stanisława Ignacego Witkiewicza.'' Prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Polak). Retrieved 11 November 2012.</ref>
 
===Art philosophy===