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French microbiologist
André Michel Lwoff
André Lwoff
Born (1902-05-08 ) 8 May 1902Died 30 September 1994(1994-09-30) (aged 92) Alma mater Pasteur Institute Known for Provirus infection of bacteriaSpouse Marguerite Lwoff Awards Scientific career Fields Microbiology Institutions
André Michel Lwoff (8 May 1902 – 30 September 1994)[1] [2] [3] was a French microbiologist and Nobel laureate of Russian-Polish origin.
Education, early life and career Lwoff was born in Ainay-le-Château , Allier , in Auvergne , France, into a Jewish [4] [5] family, the son of Marie (Siminovitch), an artist, and Solomon Lwoff, a psychiatrist.[6] He joined the Institute Pasteur in Paris when he was 19 years old. In 1932, he finished his PhD and, with the help of a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation , moved with his wife and co-researcher Marguerite Lwoff to the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Medical Research of Heidelberg to Otto Meyerhof , where he did research on the development of flagellates . Another Rockefeller grant allowed him go to the University of Cambridge in 1937. In 1938, he was appointed departmental head at the Institut Pasteur , where he did groundbreaking research on bacteriophages , microbiota and on the poliovirus .
Awards and honors He was awarded numerous prizes from the French Académie des Sciences , the Grand Prix Charles-Leopold Mayer , the Leeuwenhoek Medal of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1960 and the Keilin Medal of the British Biochemical Society in 1964. He was awarded a Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1965 for the discovery of the mechanism that some viruses (which he named proviruses ) use to infect bacteria .[6] He was an elected member of the United States National Academy of Sciences , the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , and the American Philosophical Society .[7] [8] [9] Throughout his career he partnered with his wife Marguerite Lwoff although he gained considerably more recognition. Lwoff was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society in 1958 .[1] Lwoff was also president of the FEMS for a term of two years from 1974. The FEMS-Lwoff Award in microbiology is named in his honour. [10]
Personal life Lwoff was married to the microbiologist and virologist Marguerite Lwoff with whom he published many works. He was also a humanist against capital punishment .[11]
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