Shantou

Shantou wis a fishin veelage pairt o Tuojiang Ceety (鮀江都), Jieyang Destrict (揭陽縣) durin the Song Dynasty. It came tae be Xialing (廈嶺) durin the Yuan Dynasty. In 1563, Shantou wis a pairt o Chenghai Destrict (澄海縣) in Chao Prefectur (Chaozhou). As early as 1574, Shantou haed been cried Shashan Ping (沙汕坪). In the seventeent century, a cannon platform cried Shashan Toupaotai (沙汕頭炮臺 sha shan tou pao tai) wis made here, an the placename later wis shortened tae "Shantou". Locally it has been referred tae as Kialat.

Connectin tae Shantou athort the Queshi Bridge is Queshi (礐石) which haed been kent bi the local fowk through the 19t century as Kakchio. It wis the main steid for the American an Breetish Consulates. The day the aurie is a scenic pairk but some o the structurs are somewhat preserved frae its earlier history.

It became a ceety in 1919, an wis separatit frae Chenghai in 1921. 1922 saw the devastatin Swatow Typhoon, which killed 5,000 oot o the 65,000 fowk then inhabitin the ceety.^[1]

In the 1930s, as a transport hub an a merchandise distribution centre in Sootheast Cheenae, Shantou Port's cargo throughput ranked third in the kintra. A brief accoont o a visit tae the ceety Inglis durin this period is the Inglis accoontant Max Relton's A Man in the East: A Journey through French Indo-Cheenae (Michael Joseph Ltd., London, 1939).

Wi heicher-level admeenistrative authority, Shantou govrened Chaozhou Ceety an Jieyang Ceety frae 1983 tae 1989.

Shantou is a prefectur-level ceety. It haes direct jurisdiction ower sax destricts an ane coonty.

Cairt	#	Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010 Census)	Aurie (km²)	Density (/km²)
	Ceety proper
	1	Jinping Destrict	金平区	Jīnpíng Qū	810,606	109	7,437
	3	Longhu Destrict	龙湖区	Lónghú Qū	536,102	104	5,155
	Suburban
	2	Haojiang Destrict	濠江区	Háojiāng Qū	267,597	135	1,982
	4	Chaoyang Destrict	潮阳区	Cháoyáng Qū	1,626,641	668	2,435
	5	Chaonan Destrict	潮南区	Cháonán Qū	1,290,922	596	2,166
	6	Chenghai Destrict	澄海区	Chénghǎi Qū	798,896	345	2,315
	Rural
	7	Nan'ao Coonty	南澳县	Nán'ào Xiàn	60,264	108	558

As o 2003, the destrict o Haojiang wis established oot o Hepu an Dahao which haed been merged, an the destrict o Jinping Shengping an Jinyuan; Waisha an Xinxi Toun, pairt o umwhile Chenghai Ceety, wis merged intae Longhu Destrict; Chenghai Ceety became Chenghai Destrict; Chaoyang Ceety wis dividit an became Chaoyang an Chaonan Destrict respectively.

Shantou is locatit in eastren Guangdong wi latitude spanning 23°02′33″ – 23°38′50″ N an longitude 116°14′40″ – 117°19′35″ E; the Tropic o Cancer passes through the northren pairt o the ceety, an alang it there is a monument, in fact the eastrenmaist in mainland Cheena, at 23°26′33″N 116°35′20″E / 23.44240°N 116.58885°E / 23.44240; 116.58885.^[2] The heichest peak in the ceety's admeenistration is Munt Dajian (大尖山) on Nan'ao Island, at 587 m (1,926 ft); the heichest peak on the geographic mainland is Munt Lianhua (莲花山), at 562 m (1,844 ft) in Chenghai Destrict. The ceety is locatit at the mooths o the Han, Rong (榕江), an Lian Rivers.

Shantou haes a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), wi short, mild tae warm winters, an lang, het, humid simmers. Winter begins sunny an dry but becomes progressively wetter an cloudier. Ware is generally owercast, while simmer brings the hiviest rains o the year though is much sunnier; thare are 8.2 days annually wi 50 mm (1.97 in) o rainfaw. Hairst is sunny an dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges frae 13.8 °C (56.8 °F) in Januar tae 28.3 °C (82.9 °F) in Julie, an the annual mean is 21.53 °C (70.8 °F). The annual rainfaw is aroond 1,630 mm (64 in), aboot 60% o which occurs frae Mey tae August. Thare are 1,979 oors o bricht sunshine annually.

Shantou is twinned wi the followin ceeties: ^[4]

Kintra	Ceety	Coonty/Destrict/Province/Region/State	Date
Japan	Kishiwada	Osaka Prefectur	Juin 2, 1990[5]
Canadae	Saunt John	New Brunswick	Februar 28, 1997[6]
Vietnam	Can Tho	N/A	August 1, 2005[7]

Friendly exchanges:

Kintra	Ceety	Coonty/Destrict/Province/Region/State	Date
Sooth Korea	Pyongtaek	Gyeonggi-do	Mairch 25, 2003[8]
Australie	Fairfield	New Sooth Wales	Aprile 26, 2005[9]
Unitit States	Orlando	Florida	August 8, 2007[10]
Unitit States	Los Angeles	Californie	December 25, 2001[11]

• (in Cheenese) Offeecial govrenment wabsteid
• (in Inglis) Wabsteid o Shantou Govrenment
• Shantou Daily Archived 2006-07-21 at the Wayback Machine
• Guangdong Statistical Yearbook Archived 2008-09-08 at the Wayback Machine