Module:Citation/CS1

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This module and associated sub-modules support the Plantilya:Wikipedia how to

Citation Style 1 (CS1) is a collection of reference citation templates that can be modified to create different styles for different referenced materials. Its purpose is to provide a set of default formats for references on Wikipedia. It includes a series of templates that in turn use Module:Citation/CS1.

The use of CS1 or of templates is not compulsory; per WP:CITEVAR:

Wikipedia does not have a single house style. Editors may choose any option they want; one article need not match what is done in other articles or what is done in professional publications or recommended by academic style guides. However, citations within a given article should follow a consistent style.

CS1 uses elements of The Chicago Manual of Style and the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, with significant adaptations.

Style

There are a number of templates that use a name starting with cite; many were developed independently of CS1 and are not compliant with the CS1 style. There are also a number of templates that use one of the general use templates as a meta-template to cite a specific source.

To be compliant with CS1, a template must:

Use Module:Citation/CS1 or one of the templates listed below.
Use a period as a punctuation mark to separate fields and end the citation.
Use a semicolon as a punctuation mark to separate authors and editors.
Format the title of longer works in italics.
Format the title of short works such as chapters in quotes.

Templates

General use

The following is a list of templates that implement Citation Style 1 for one or more types of citations but are not restricted to any specific source.

Yes	Indicates that the corresponding tool or gadget can generate the template anytime user wishes. However, this does not mean that the tool or gadget fully supports all parameters or provides an interface for them. In fact, none of the mentioned items do so.
Plantilya:Partial	Indicates that the corresponding tool or gadget may or may not generate the corresponding template. For more information, see associated footnote.

General use CS1 templates
Template	Use	Citoid	Citation expander gadget	RefToolbar 1.0	RefToolbar 2.0	ProveIt	SnipManager	Cite4Wiki
{{Cite arXiv}}	arXiv preprints
{{Cite AV media}}	audio and visual sources					Yes	Yes
{{Cite AV media notes}}	liner notes from albums, DVDs, CDs and similar audio-visual media
{{Cite book}}	books	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
{{Cite conference}}	conference papers					Yes
{{Cite encyclopedia}}	edited collections					Yes
{{Cite episode}}	television or radio programs and episodes					Yes
{{Cite interview}}	interviews
{{Cite journal}}	academic and scientific papers and journals	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Plantilya:Partial^{[lower-alpha 1]}
{{Cite magazine}}	magazines and newsletters
{{Cite mailing list}}	archived public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}	maps
{{Cite news}}	news articles in print, video, audio or web	Yes	Plantilya:Partial Plantilya:Elucidate	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Plantilya:Partial Plantilya:Elucidate
{{Cite newsgroup}}	online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}	audio or video podcast
{{Cite press release}}	press releases			Yes
{{Cite report}}	unpublished reports by government departments, instrumentalities, operated companies, etc.
{{Cite serial}}	audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}	signs, plaques and other visual sources
{{Cite speech}}	speeches
{{Cite techreport}}	technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}	theses
{{Cite web}}	web sources not characterized by another template	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Specific source

There are a number of templates that are CS1 compliant, because they use a CS1 template as a base, but are tied to a specific source; these are listed in Category:Citation Style 1 specific-source templates.

How the templates work

CS1 uses a series of templates that provide a consistent output. The main difference is in parameters optimized for the subject. For example, {{cite book}} has fields for title and chapter, whereas {{cite journal}} has fields for journal and title.

This help page uses the names most commonly used across the templates series; see each template's documentation for details.

CS1 templates present a citation generally as:

With author:

Author (n.d.). "Title". Work (Publisher). Identifiers.

Without author:

"Title". Work (Publisher). n.d.. Identifiers.

(where "n.d." could also be any other valid date formatted per the MOS)

Authors

An author may be cited using separate parameters for the author's surname and given name by using |last= and |first= respectively. If a cited source has multiple authors, subsequent authors can be listed in the citation using |last2= and |first2=, |last3= and |first3=, etc. as shown in the following example:^{[Note 1]}

{{cite book |last=Hawking |first=Stephen |last2=Hawking |first2=Lucy |title=George's Secret Key to the Universe}}

Hawking, Stephen; Hawking, Lucy. George's Secret Key to the Universe.

If a cited source has a large number of authors, one can limit the number of authors displayed when the citation is published by using the |display-authors= parameter as described in detail in the Display options section of this help page.

If a cited author is notable and the author has a Wikipedia article, the author's name can be linked with |author-link=. If a citation includes multiple notable authors, one may use |author-link2=, |author-link3=, etc. This method is used because |last= and |first= do not allow wikilinking. Please note that |author-link= cannot be used to link to an external website; the external link will not render correctly. Below is an example of a wikilinked author credit:

{{cite book |last=Hawking |first=Stephen |author-link=Stephen Hawking |last2=Hawking |first2=Lucy |title=George's Secret Key to the Universe}}

Hawking, Stephen; Hawking, Lucy. George's Secret Key to the Universe.

When an author is cited, the date of the cited work is displayed after the author's name, as shown in the example below:

{{cite book |last=Hawking |first=Stephen |author-link=Stephen Hawking |last2=Hawking |first2=Lucy |title=George's Secret Key to the Universe |year=2007}}

Hawking, Stephen; Hawking, Lucy (2007). George's Secret Key to the Universe.

If no author is cited, the date appears after the title, as shown in the example below:

{{cite book |title=George's Secret Key to the Universe |year=2007}}

George's Secret Key to the Universe. 2007.

If the cited source does not credit an author, as is common with newswire reports, press releases or company websites use:

|author=

This HTML comment alerts fact-checking and citation-fixing editors, and potentially bots, that the cited source did not name an author—the author was not overlooked. Without this entry editors and bots would waste time researching cited sources for a non-existent author credit.

When using |author= avoid citations like {{cite news |work=Weekday Times|author=Weekday Times editors|title=...}}, unless the article is on a field in which the majority of professional journals covering that field use such a citation style.

Editors should use an |author= organizational citation when the cited source, such as a committee report, specifically names an official body or a sub-unit of the publisher as the collective author of the work, e.g. |author=Commission on Headphone Safety or |author=Rules Sub-committee. Do not use |author= to assert what you think was probably the collective author when the source itself does not specifically specify a collective author; doing so is original research and falsification of source verifiability and reliability.

|author= should never hold the name of more than one author. Separate individual authors into enumerated individual |authorn= parameters.

Editors

An editor may be cited using separate parameters for the editor's last and first name. A single or first editor would use |editor-last= and |editor-first=; subsequent editors would use |editor2-last= and |editor2-first=, |editor3-last= and |editor3-first=, etc.^{[Note 2]}

If an editor is notable and has a Wikipedia article, you may wikilink to that editor's Wikipedia article using |editor-link=. If a cited work has multiple editors, you may use |editor2-link=, |editor3-link=, etc. to wikilink to each editor's Wikipedia article. This method is used because |editor-last= and |editor-first= do not allow wikilinking. Please note that |editor-link= cannot be used to link to an external website; the external link will not render correctly.

If a cited source has a large number of editors, one can limit the number of editors displayed when the citation is published using the |display-editors= parameter as described in detail in the Display options section of this help page.

Others

others: This parameter is used to credit contributors other than an author or an editor, such as an illustrator or a translator. You should include both the type of contribution and the name of the contributor, for example |others=Illustrated by John Smith or |others=Trans. Jones

Dates

Dates are indicated by these parameters:

date: Full date of publication edition being referenced, in the same format as other dates in citations in the same article. Must not be wikilinked.
OR: year: Year of publication edition being referenced.
- orig-year: Original publication year, for display alongside the date or year. For clarity, please supply specifics, for instance origyear=First published 1859 or origyear=Composed 1904. This parameter displays only if there is a value for year or date.

For no date, or "undated", add as date=n.d.

Acceptable date formats are shown in the "Acceptable date formats" table of the Manual of Style/Dates and numbers § Dates, months and years. Further points:

Prescriptions about date formats only apply when the date is expressed in terms of Julian or Gregorian dates, or which use one of the seasons (spring, summer, autumn or fall, winter). Sources are at liberty to use other ways of expressing dates, such as "spring-summer" or a date in a religious calendar; editors should report the date as expressed by the source. Although the seasons are not normally capitalized, they are capitalized when used as dates in CS1 templates, and the capitalization of the season stated by the source may be altered to follow this rule.
Do not wikilink.
Access and archive dates in references should be in either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD.

CS1 compliance with Wikipedia's Manual of Style

CS1 uses Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers § Dates, months and years (MOS:DATEFORMAT) as the reference for all date format checking performed by Module:Citation/CS1. For various reasons, CS1 is not fully compliant with MOS:DATEFORMAT. This table indicates CS1 compliance with the listed sections of MOS:DATEFORMAT.

CS1 compliance with Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers
section	compliant	comment
Acceptable date formats table	yes	Exceptions: linked dates not supported; sortable dates not supported (`{{dts}}` etc.); proper name dates not supported; shortened month names longer than three characters or with terminating periods not supported;
Unacceptable date formats table	yes
Consistency	no	article level restrictions are beyond the scope of CS1
Strong national ties to a topic	no
Retaining existing format	no
Era style	no	Dates earlier than 100 not supported; it is rare for Wikipedia editors to read such old sources; the date of the source actually consulted should be provided in `\|date=`, and the date of the ancient source may be provided in `\|orig-year=`; the format of the orig-year value is not checked for errors.
Julian and Gregorian calendars	limited	Julian prior to 1582; Gregorian from 1582; assumes Gregorian in the overlap period of 1582 – c. 1923
Ranges	yes	Exceptions: does not support the use of `–` or ` ` does not support dates prior to 100; does not support solidus separator (/) does not support " to " as a date separator does not support YYYY–YY where the two-digit year is less than 13 (change to YYYY–YYYY to eliminate the error message);
Uncertain, incomplete, or approximate dates	yes	Exceptions: does not support `{{circa}}` or `{{floruit}}`; does not support dates prior to 100; Supports `c.` only with a single year value (no ranges or day/month combinations).
Days of the week	no
Seasons	limited	CS1 capitalizes seasons used as dates in citations, in line with external style guides;
Decades	no
Centuries and millennia	no
Abbreviations for long periods of time	no

Date range, multiple sources in same year

If dates are used with the ref=harv parameter, the year range is 100 to present without era indication (AD, BC, CE, BCE). In the case where the same author has written more than one work in the same year, a lower-case letter may be appended to the year in the date parameter (Plantilya:Xt – Module:Citation/CS1 supported templates only) or the year parameter (Plantilya:Xt – all CS1 templates).

Titles and chapters

title The title of the cited source. Titles are displayed in italics, except for short works such as a {{cite press release}} and cited articles in {{cite news}}, {{cite journal}}, {{cite web}}, {{cite conference}}, and {{cite podcast}}, where the title is shown in quotation marks. Use title case unless the cited source covers a scientific, legal or other technical topic and sentence case is the predominant style in journals on that topic. Use either title case or sentence case consistently throughout the article. Do not omit a leading "The" from the title. Subtitles are typically separated from titles with ": " though " – " is also used. As with trademarks, Wikipedia Plantilya:Em attempt to emulate any stylistic flourishes used by the cited source's publisher, such as ALL-CAPS, all-lower-case, Small Caps, etc.; use either standard title case or sentence case consistently. If the cited source is itself notable and has a Wikipedia article, the title can be wikilinked. Wikilinking the title will make it impossible to use the "url" parameter to link to an external copy of the cited source, so only do this when citing works that do not need to be externally linked. A link to the actual source is preferred to a link to a Wikipedia article about the source.
script-title: Languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet, Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc., should not be italicized and may also read right-to-left (rtl). To include titles in these languages, use script-title. Titles in script-title are wrapped in special HTML markup to isolate rtl script from adjacent left-to-right text. Part of that special markup is a language attribute that browsers can use to assist in the proper display of the script. Editors may add a prefix to the script that will identify the language. The prefix is an ISO 639-1 two-character language code followed by a colon: |script-title=ar:العربية. Unrecognized codes are ignored and will display in the rendered citation.
trans-title: If the cited source is in a foreign language, an English translation of the title can be given here. This field will be displayed in square brackets after the title and will be linked to |url= if used.
chapter The title of the cited chapter from the source, written in full. Displayed in quotes before the title. For websites arranged in sections the "at" parameter serves a similar function: |at=Featured News
script-chapter: Languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet, Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc., may possibly read right-to-left (rtl). To include chapter titles in these languages, use script-chapter. Chapter titles in script-chapter are wrapped in special HTML markup to isolate rtl script from adjacent left-to-right text. Part of that special markup is a language attribute that browsers can use to assist in the proper display of the script. Editors may add a prefix to the script that will identify the language. The prefix is an ISO 639-1 two-character language code followed by a colon: |script-title=ar:العربية. Unrecognized codes are ignored and will display in the rendered citation. This field will be displayed following the transliterated title.
trans-chapter: If the cited source is in a foreign language, an English translation of the cited chapter title can be given here. This field will be displayed in square brackets within the quotation marks which enclose the chapter field.

Titles containing certain characters will both display and link incorrectly unless those characters are replaced or encoded like this:

Character	Must be replaced with
newline	space
[	[
]	]
\|	\|

Type

type: Specifies the type of work cited. Appears in parentheses immediately after the title. Some templates use a default that can be overridden; example: {{cite press release}} will show (Press release) by default. Other useful values are Review, Systemic review, Meta-analysis or Original article.

Language

language: The language the work is written in, if it is not English. Displayed before the title, enclosed in parentheses and prefixed with in. Do not use icons in this field. If the source is listed as being in English, then this parameter will be ignored.

Work and publisher

work: Used by some templates such as {{cite web}}, {{cite news}} (where it is aliased to newspaper), {{cite magazine}} (aliased to magazine), {{cite journal}} (aliased to journal), and others where the citation is usually to a specific item in a larger work, most commonly an article in a website or print periodical, or an episode in a TV series. Do not confuse this with the "publisher" parameter, which is for the publishing company. If the work is notable and has an article in Wikipedia, it should be wiki-linked at first appearance in citations in the article. If the "title" is already linked to externally, do not externally link to the "work".

On websites, in most cases "work" is the name of the website (as usually given in the logo/banner area of the site, and/or appearing in the <title>...</title> of the homepage, which may appear as the page title in your browser tab, depending on browser); otherwise use the site's domain name. If the "work" as given by the site/publication would be exactly the same as the name of the publisher, use the domain name; do not falsify the work's name by adding descriptive verbiage like "website of [Publisher]" or "[Publisher]'s Homepage". Capitalize for reading clarity, and omit "www.", e.g. convert "www.veterinaryresourcesuk.com" to "VeterinaryResourcesUK.com". Many journals use highly abbreviated titles when citing other journals (e.g. "J Am Vet Med" for "Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association") because specialists in the field the journal covers usually already know what these abbreviations mean. Our readers do not, so these abbreviations should always be expanded. If the titled item being cited is part of some other larger work, such as a book, periodical or sub-organization, forming a sub-site at a domain name (e.g., the law school's section of a university's website system), it is usually better to use the name of that more specific work than that of the entire site/system. If the nature of the work and its relation to the site, book or other context in which it is found is complicated or confusing, simply explain the situation after the citation template and before the </ref> that closes the citation.

publisher: the name of the company that actually published the source. The field should not include the corporate designation such as "Ltd" or "Inc.", unless some ambiguity would result or the company is usually known with that designation even in everyday use. "Publisher", "Publishing" and "Publications" can be abbreviated "Pubr.", "Pubg." and "Pubs." respectively, but some templates in this series include a period (full-stop) immediately after this parameter, so the period may have to be omitted; check the output if you abbreviate here. These words are usually safe to omit, but are usefully included where the publisher's name might be confusing. This is most often the case when the publisher's name is something like "Joshua Martin Publications", which without the designation might be mistaken for a co-author. A leading "The" can generally be omitted, again unless confusion might result (e.g., for The International Cat Association, "The" is part of their official acronym, TICA). If the publisher is notable and has an article independent of the "work", the "publisher" parameter can include a wiki-link to that article, but should never externally link to the publisher's website. The "publisher" parameter should not be included either for mainstream, widely-known newspapers, or where it would be the same or mostly the same as the work/site/journal/etc., for example, the "publisher" parameter should be omitted in these examples:

|work=Amazon.com|publisher=Amazon

|newspaper=The Aberdeen Times|publisher=The Aberdeen Times

|newspaper=USA Today|publisher=Gannett Company

Whether the publisher needs to be included depends on the type of work. Wikipedia:Citing sources suggest it should be for books, but not necessarily other works. If the work is self-published, this is a very important fact about potential reliability of the source, and needs to be specified; no consensus exists for the exact value of |publisher=, but some printed style guides suggest "author". When an exhaustive attempt to discover the name of the publisher (try whois for websites) fails, use |publisher= to explicitly indicate that this was checked, so other editors do not waste time duplicating your fruitless efforts. Do not guess at the publisher when this information is not clear.

location: Geographical place of publication, usually City, Country, or City, U.S. State; simply the city name by itself can be used for world-recognized cities like New York, London (except in articles about Canadian topics), Paris, Tokyo. Simply having a unique name does not mean it is globally recognizable; e.g., many people do not know where Mumbai is, especially if they are old enough that it was called Bombay for much of their lives. If in doubt, be more not less specific, since "Toronto, Canada" and "San Francisco, California" do not actually hurt anything. The |location= parameter should be omitted when it is implied by the name of the work, e.g. The New York Times. The |location= parameter should be used when the location is part of the common name but not the actual name of a newspaper. For example, the newspaper commonly known as the New York Daily News is actually Daily News (New York) and can be entered with |newspaper=Daily News |location=New York, which yields Daily News (New York).
publication-date: Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Displays only if year or date are defined and only if different, else publication-date is used and displayed as date. Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink. Follows publisher; if work is not defined, then publication-date is preceded by "published" and enclosed in parenthesis.
via (optional): Name of the content deliverer (when they are not the publisher). via is not a replacement for publisher, but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer presents the source in a format other than the original, or when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, or where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or when the deliverer requests attribution, or as suggested in WP:The Wikipedia Library, e.g. WP:Credo accounts/Citations. See also §Registration or subscription required.

Pages

cs1|2 template support for
|volume=, |issue=, |page(s)=
template	\|volume=	\|issue=	\|page(s)=
`{{citation}}`	Yes	Yes	Yes
`{{cite arXiv}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite AV media}}`	Yes	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No
`{{cite AV media notes}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite book}}`	Yes	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite conference}}` (as a book)	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite conference}}` (as a journal)	Yes	Yes	Yes
`{{cite encyclopedia}}`	Yes	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite episode}}`	Plantilya:No	Yes	Plantilya:No
`{{cite interview}}`	Yes	Yes	Yes
`{{cite journal}}`	Yes	Yes	Yes
`{{cite magazine}}`	Yes	Yes	Yes
`{{cite mailing list}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No
`{{cite map}}` (as book)	Yes	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite map}}` (as journal or magazine)	Yes	Yes	Yes
`{{cite news}}`	Yes	Yes	Yes
`{{cite newsgroup}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No
`{{cite podcast}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No
`{{cite press release}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite report}}`	Yes	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite serial}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No
`{{cite sign}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No
`{{cite speech}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No
`{{cite techreport}}`	Yes	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite thesis}}`	Yes	Plantilya:No	Yes
`{{cite web}}`	Plantilya:No	Plantilya:No	Yes

An editor may use any one of the following parameters in a given citation to refer to the specific page(s) or place in a cited source that contains the information that supports the article text. If more than one of the following parameters are used in the same citation, the error message Extra |pages= or |at= (help) will display in the published citation. When more than one of the following parameters is used in error, |page= overrides both |pages= and |at=; |pages= overrides |at=. To resolve the error, remove extra parameters of this type until only one remains in the affected citation.

page: page in the cited source containing the information that supports the article text, for example |page=52 .
- Note: For a hyphenated page, use |page=12{{hyphen}}34. This will greatly reduce the likelihood that an editor/bot will convert this to a page range |pages=12{{endash}}34 by mistake.
pages: pages in the cited source containing the information that supports the article text. Separate page ranges with an en dash: – , for example |pages=236–239 . Separate non-sequential pages with a comma, for example |pages=157,159 . The form |pages=461,466–467 is used when you are citing both non-contiguous and sequential pages.
- Note: CS1 citations do not record the total number of pages in a cited source; do not use this parameter for that purpose.
at: place in the cited source containing the information that supports the article text when a page number is not given, is inappropriate or is insufficient. Common examples include column or col., paragraph or para. and section or sec. Depending on the source being cited, other indicators may be appropriate to use with the |at= parameter including, but not limited to, track, hours, minutes and seconds, act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, etc. Examples include |at=Column 2 or |at=Paragraph 5 or |at=Back cover or |at=Act III, Scene 2.

Edition identifiers

edition: Identifies the particular edition of a cited source when the source has more than one edition, such as "2nd", "Revised", etc. Note that this parameter automatically displays " ed." after your entry. For example, |edition=Revised third displays as: Revised third ed. The edition parameter can be omitted if there is no content difference between two editions of the same work; e.g. if a book was identically published in the UK and the US except, for example, ISBN number and cover art, it is not necessary to indicate either "UK" or "US" edition; or if citing minute:seconds of a film available in both a regular edition and a "Special Limited Collector's Edition", if the running time and cut are the same, it is not necessary to cite the particular edition.
series: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted.^{[Note 3]}
volume: For a source published in several volumes. This field is displayed in bold after the title and series parameters. An alternative is to include the volume information in the title parameter after the main title.
issue: When the source is part of a series that is published periodically. Aliases: number.

External links

url: Adds a link to the title
chapter-url: Adds a link to the chapter.
format: Format of the document at its URL (e.g., PDF, xls, etc.) Do not specify for HTML as it is implied as the default. Several URI schemes and filename extensions will show an icon— these icons have no alt text and do not meet accessibility standards. Do not use this parameter for completely different purposes, with annotations such as "fee required" or "reprint"; its intent is to notify readers what the file format is (e.g. in case some browsers might have trouble with it, or some might prefer to save the link to disk rather than open it in the browser). Access restrictions can be shown using |subscription= or |registration=, see Registration or subscription required. Other notes about reprintings, etc., should be placed after the template, and before </ref>.

Online sources

Mga Panginot na artikulo: WP:External links asin WP:Citing sources

Links to sources are regarded as conveniences and are not required, except when citing Web-only sources. There are many digital libraries with works that may be used as sources.

Links should be to full versions of the source.
Online sources that require payment or subscription may be included per the verifiability policy.

Do not link to:

Panginot na artikulo: WP:LINKSTOAVOID

Sites that do not have permission to republish the work or which otherwise violate copyright.
Commercial sites such as Amazon.
Reviews of the work.
Very short extracts such as Google Books snippet view where there is not enough context to verify the content, unless the entire work is also freely available there. (See WP:BOOKLINKS)

Link formats

Links should be kept as simple as possible. For example, when performing a search for a Google Book, the link for Monty Python and Philosophy would look like:

https://books.google.com/books?id=wPQelKFNA5MC&lpg=PP1&dq=monty%20python&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false

But can be trimmed to:

https://books.google.com/books?id=wPQelKFNA5MC

Pages

A direct link to a specific page may be used if supported by the host. For example, the link to page 173 of Monty Python and Philosophy on Google Books:

https://books.google.com/books?id=wPQelKFNA5MC&pg=PA173

like so:

|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=wPQelKFNA5MC&pg=PA173 173]

If the same source is reused with different pages, separate citations must be created. A way around this problem is to use a short citation {{sfn}}, or {{rp}} to provide linked page number citations.

Special characters

Plantilya:MediaWiki URL rules

Access date

access-date: The full date when the content pointed to by url was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires url; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. It is not required for linked documents that do not change. For example, access-date is not required for links to copies of published research papers accessed via DOI or a published book, but should be used for links to news articles on commercial websites (these can change from time to time, even if they are also published in a physical medium). Note that access-date is the date that the URL was checked to not just be working, but to support the assertion being cited (which the current version of the page may not do). Can be hidden or styled by registered editors. Alias: accessdate.

Icons

Panginot na artikulo: Help:External link icons

URLs with certain filename extensions or URI schemes will apply an icon specific to that file type. This is done through MediaWiki CSS, not these templates.

Web archives

archive-url
archive-date

The original link may become unavailable. When an archived version is located, the original URL is retained and |archive-url= is added with a link to an archived copy of a web page, usually from services like WebCite and the Internet Archive. |archive-date= must be added to show the date the page was archived, not the date the link was added. When |archive-url= is used, |url= and |archive-date= are required, else an error will show. When an archived link is used, the citation displays with the title linked to the archive and the original link at the end:

Monty Python and Philosophy. https://books.google.com/books?id=wPQelKFNA5MC.

dead-url: To change the order with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end, set |dead-url=no:

Monty Python and Philosophy. https://books.google.com/books?id=wPQelKFNA5MC.

When the original URL has been usurped for the purposes of spam, advertising, or is otherwise unsuitable, setting |dead-url=unfit or |dead-url=usurped suppresses display of the original URL (but |url= is still required).

Identifiers

Plantilya:Citation Style documentation/id2

A custom identifier can be specified throughPlantilya:Citation Style documentation/id1

Registration or subscription required

Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability – Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors can signal the access restrictions of the external links included in a citation.

Four access levels can be used:

free: the source is free to read for anyone
registration: a free registration is required to access the source
limited: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views) to freely access this source
subscription: the source is only accessible via a paid subscription

As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, these values are attributed to a particular external link.

Access level of `|url=`

Links inserted with |url= are expected to be free to read by default. If not, editors can use one of

|url-access=subscription
|url-access=registration
|url-access=limited

to indicate the relevant access restriction.

Access level of identifiers

Links inserted by identifiers such as |doi= are not expected to offer a free full text by default. If they do, editors can use |doi-access=free (in the case of |doi=) to indicate the relevant access level. The following identifiers are supported:

|bibcode= with |bibcode-access=free
|doi= with |doi-access=free
|hdl= with |hdl-access=free
|jstor= with |jstor-access=free
|ol= with |ol-access=free
|osti= with |osti-access=free

Old access parameters

The parameters |registration=yes and |subscription=yes can also be used to indicate the access level of a citation. However, they do not indicate which link they apply to, so editors are encouraged to use |url-access=registration and |url-access=subscription instead, when the restriction applies to |url=. If the restriction applies to an identifier, these parameters should be omitted.

Quote

quote: Relevant text quoted from the source; enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include any terminating punctuation.

Anchors

ref: Creates an anchor for use with Shortened footnotes and parenthetical referencing. These styles use in-text cites with a link that will jump to an anchor created by the CS1 template. Anchors are not enabled by default. (See {{Harvard citation documentation}} for details.)
|ref=harv: Creates an anchor from up to four author last names and the year, of the format CITEREFlastname(s)year, suitable for a {{harv}}, {{sfn}} etc. Examples:

{{cite book |first=Gary L. |last=Hardcastle |title=Monty Python and Philosophy |year=2006 |ref=harv}}

Creates an anchor named CITEREFHardcastle2006 which may be linked from {{harv|Hardcastle|2006|pp=12-34}}.

{{cite book |first=Gary L. |last=Hardcastle |first2=George A. |last2=Reisch |title=Monty Python and Philosophy |year=2006 |ref=harv}}

Creates an anchor named CITEREFHardcastleReisch2006 which may be linked from {{harv|Hardcastle|Reisch|2006|pp=12-34}}.

|ref=ID: Creates a custom anchor defined by ID. This is useful where the author and/or date is unknown. The {{harvid}} template may be used here to create an anchor suitable for a {{harv}}, {{sfn}} etc. For example, ref={{harvid|Monty Python and Philosophy|2006}} creates an anchor which may be linked from {{harv|Monty Python and Philosophy|2006|pp=12-34}}.

Display options

These features are not often used, but can customize the display for use with other styles.Plantilya:Csdoc

et al.

et al. is the abbreviation of the Latin et alii (and others). It is used to complete a list of authors of a published work, where the complete list is considered overly long. The term is widely used in English, thus it is not italicized per MOS:FOREIGN.

Printing

When viewing the page, CS1 templates render the URL to the title to create a link; when printing, the URL is printed. External link icons are not printed.

Elements not included

Not all factually accurate pieces of information about a source are used in a Citation Style 1 citation. Examples of information not included:

The total number of pages in a cited source
The name of the library that provided access to an electronic copy of a cited source
The name of the library that owns a physical copy of a cited work
The library record and/or shelf location of a physical copy of a cited work

Tools

Panginot na artikulo: Help:Citation tools

CS1 templates may be inserted manually or by use of tools:

Citoid, a tool built into Visual Editor that attempts to build a full citation based on a URL. See user guide.
RefToolbar is part of the editing tool bar. Version 2.0 does not yet support all templates supported by version 1.0.
ProveIt provides a graphical interface for editing, adding, and citing references. It may be enabled per the documentation.
Wikipedia citation tool for Google Books
DOI Wikipedia reference generator
New York Times Wikipedia reference generator
Reflinks Adds references to templates while updating/filling-in title/dates/publisher/accessdates etc.
reFill open source version of Reflinks
Zotero can export citations in Wikipedia-ready format.
Citer - Generate shortened footnote or named reference for a given Google Books URL, ISBN, or DOI. Also supports some major news websites.

Error checking:

User:Ucucha/HarvErrors is a script that may be enabled to display errors when using Shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing.

Common issues

Help:CS1PROBS

|access-date= does not show.: If |url= is not supplied, then |access-date= does not show; by design.
The bare URL shows before the title.: If the |title= field includes a newline or an invalid character then the link will be malformed; see Web links.
The title appears in red.: If URL is supplied, then the title cannot be wikilinked.
The URL is not linked and shows in brackets.: The URL must include the URI scheme in order for MediaWiki to recognize it as a link. For example: www.example.org vs. http://www.example.org.
A field is truncated.: A pipe (|) in the value will truncate it. Use {{!}} instead.
The template markup shows.: Double open brackets [[ are used in a field without closing double brackets ]].
The author shows in brackets with an external link icon.: The use of an URL in |author-link= will break the link; this field is for the name of the Wikipedia article about the author, not a website.
Multiple author or editor names are defined and one or more does not show: The parameters must be used in sequence, i.e. if |last= or |last1= is not defined, then |last2= will not show. By design.
|page=, |pages= or |at= do not show.: These parameters are mutually exclusive, and only one will show; by design.
Too many templates used on one page can also cause server lag problems, causing the page to load slowly or save slowly after an edit has been made.

Notes

References

Plantilya:Wikipedia referencingPlantilya:Citation Style 1Plantilya:Help navigation and Citation Style 2 citation templates. In general, it is not intended to be called directly, but is called by one of the core CS1 and CS2 templates.

These files comprise the module support for cs1|2 citation templates:

cs1 | cs2 modules
live	sandbox		description
Module:Citation/CS1	Module:Citation/CS1/sandbox	[edit]	Rendering and support functions
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration	Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration/sandbox	[edit]	Translation tables; error and identifier handlers
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist	Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist/sandbox	[edit]	List of active, deprecated, and obsolete cs1\|2 parameters
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation	Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation/sandbox	[edit]	Date format validation functions
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers	Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers/sandbox	[edit]	Functions that support the named identifiers (isbn, doi, pmid, etc)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities	Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities/sandbox	[edit]	Common functions and tables
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS	Module:Citation/CS1/COinS/sandbox	[edit]	Functions that render a cs1\|2 template's metadata
Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions	Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions/sandbox	[edit]	List that maps common erroneous parameter names to valid parameter names

Other documentation:

Module talk:Citation/CS1/Feature requests
Module talk:Citation/CS1/COinS

local cs1 ={};--[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S >--------------------------------------]]local dates, year_date_check, reformat_dates, date_hyphen_to_dash,-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validationdate_name_xlatelocal is_set, in_array, substitute, error_comment, set_error, select_one,-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilitiesadd_maint_cat, wrap_style, safe_for_italics, is_wikilink, make_wikilink;local z ={};-- tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilitieslocal extract_ids, extract_id_access_levels, build_id_list, is_embargoed;-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifierslocal make_coins_title, get_coins_pages, COinS;-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/COinSlocal cfg = {};-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configurationlocal whitelist = {};-- table of tables listing valid template parameter names; defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist--[[--------------------------< P A G E   S C O P E   V A R I A B L E S >--------------------------------------delare variables here that have page-wide scope that are not brought in from other modules; thatare created hereand used here]]local added_deprecated_cat;-- boolean flag so that the category is added only oncelocal added_prop_cats = {};-- list of property categories that have been added to z.properties_catslocal added_vanc_errs;-- boolean flag so we only emit one Vancouver error / categorylocal Frame;-- holds the module's frame table--[[--------------------------< F I R S T _ S E T >------------------------------------------------------------Locates and returns the first set value in a table of values where the order established in the table,left-to-right (or top-to-bottom), is the order in which the values are evaluated.  Returns nil if none are set.This version replaces the original 'for _, val in pairs do' and a similar version that used ipairs.  With the pairsversion the order of evaluation could not be guaranteed.  With the ipairs version, a nil value would terminatethe for-loop before it reached the actual end of the list.]]local function first_set (list, count)local i = 1;while i <= count do-- loop through all items in listif is_set( list[i] ) thenreturn list[i];-- return the first set list memberendi = i + 1;-- point to nextendend--[[--------------------------< A D D _ P R O P _ C A T >--------------------------------------------------------Adds a category to z.properties_cats using names from the configuration file with additional text if any.foreign_lang_source and foreign_lang_source_2 keys have a language code appended to them so that multiple languagesmay be categorized but multiples of the same language are not categorized.added_prop_cats is a table declared in page scope variables above]]local function add_prop_cat (key, arguments)if not added_prop_cats [key] thenadded_prop_cats [key] = true;-- note that we've added this categorykey = key:gsub ('(foreign_lang_source_?2?)%a%a%a?', '%1');-- strip lang code from keynametable.insert( z.properties_cats, substitute (cfg.prop_cats [key], arguments));-- make name then add to tableendend--[[--------------------------< A D D _ V A N C _ E R R O R >----------------------------------------------------Adds a single Vancouver system error message to the template's output regardless of how many error actually exist.To prevent duplication, added_vanc_errs is nil until an error message is emitted.added_vanc_errs is a boolean declared in page scope variables above]]local function add_vanc_error (source)if not added_vanc_errs thenadded_vanc_errs = true;-- note that we've added this categorytable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'vancouver', {source}, true ) } );endend--[[--------------------------< I S _ S C H E M E >------------------------------------------------------------does this thing that purports to be a uri scheme seem to be a valid scheme?  The scheme is checked to see if itis in agreement with http://tools.ietf.org/html/std66#section-3.1 which says:Scheme names consist of a sequence of characters beginning with a   letter and followed by any combination of letters, digits, plus   ("+"), period ("."), or hyphen ("-").returns true if it does, else false]]local function is_scheme (scheme)return scheme and scheme:match ('^%a[%a%d%+%.%-]*:');-- true if scheme is set and matches the patternend--[=[-------------------------< I S _ D O M A I N _ N A M E >--------------------------------------------------Does this thing that purports to be a domain name seem to be a valid domain name?Syntax defined here: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1034#section-3.5BNF defined here: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4234Single character names are generally reserved; see https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsind-iana-dns-01#page-15;see also [[Single-letter second-level domain]]list of tlds: https://www.iana.org/domains/root/dbrfc952 (modified by rfc 1123) requires the first and last character of a hostname to be a letter or a digit.  Betweenthe first and last characters the name may use letters, digits, and the hyphen.Also allowed are IPv4 addresses. IPv6 not supporteddomain is expected to be stripped of any path so that the last character in the last character of the tld.  tldis two or more alpha characters.  Any preceding '//' (from splitting a url with a scheme) will be strippedhere.  Perhaps not necessary but retained incase it is necessary for IPv4 dot decimal.There are several tests:the first character of the whole domain name including subdomains must be a letter or a digitinternationalized domain name (ascii characters with .xn-- ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) prefix xn-- in the tld) see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3490single-letter/digit second-level domains in the .org and .cash TLDsq, x, and z SL domains in the .com TLDi and q SL domains in the .net TLDsingle-letter SL domains in the ccTLDs (where the ccTLD is two letters)two-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)three-plus-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)IPv4 dot-decimal address format; TLD not allowedreturns true if domain appears to be a proper name and tld or IPv4 address, else false]=]local function is_domain_name (domain)if not domain thenreturn false;-- if not set, abandonenddomain = domain:gsub ('^//', '');-- strip '//' from domain name if present; done here so we only have to do it onceif not domain:match ('^[%a%d]') then-- first character must be letter or digitreturn false;end-- Do most common case firstif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d][%a%d%-]+[%a%d]%.%a%a+$') then-- three or more character hostname.hostname or hostname.tldreturn true;elseif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d][%a%d%-]+[%a%d]%.xn%-%-[%a%d]+$') then-- internationalized domain name with ACE prefixreturn true;elseif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d]%.cash$') then-- one character/digit .cash hostnamereturn true;elseif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d]%.org$') then-- one character/digit .org hostnamereturn true;elseif domain:match ('%f[%a][qxz]%.com$') then-- assigned one character .com hostname (x.com times out 2015-12-10)return true;elseif domain:match ('%f[%a][iq]%.net$') then-- assigned one character .net hostname (q.net registered but not active 2015-12-10)return true;elseif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d]%.%a%a$') then-- one character hostname and cctld (2 chars)return true;elseif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d][%a%d]%.%a%a+$') then-- two character hostname and tldreturn true;elseif domain:match ('^%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?') then-- IPv4 addressreturn true;elsereturn false;endend--[[--------------------------< I S _ U R L >------------------------------------------------------------------returns true if the scheme and domain parts of a url appear to be a valid url; else false.This function is the last step in the validation process.  This function is separate because there are cases thatare not covered by split_url(), for example is_parameter_ext_wikilink() which is looking for bracketted externalwikilinks.]]local function is_url (scheme, domain)if is_set (scheme) then-- if scheme is set check it and domainreturn is_scheme (scheme) and is_domain_name (domain);elsereturn is_domain_name (domain);-- scheme not set when url is protocol relativeendend--[[--------------------------< S P L I T _ U R L >------------------------------------------------------------Split a url into a scheme, authority indicator, and domain.First remove Fully Qualified Domain Name terminator (a dot following tld) (if any) and any path(/), query(?) or fragment(#).If protocol relative url, return nil scheme and domain else return nil for both scheme and domain.When not protocol relative, get scheme, authority indicator, and domain.  If there is an authority indicator (oneor more '/' characters immediately following the scheme's colon), make sure that there are only 2.Strip off any port and path;]]local function split_url (url_str)local scheme, authority, domain;url_str = url_str:gsub ('([%a%d])%.?[/%?#].*$', '%1');-- strip FQDN terminator and path(/), query(?), fragment (#) (the capture prevents false replacement of '//')if url_str:match ('^//%S*') then-- if there is what appears to be a protocol relative urldomain = url_str:match ('^//(%S*)')elseif url_str:match ('%S-:/*%S+') then-- if there is what appears to be a scheme, optional authority indicator, and domain namescheme, authority, domain = url_str:match ('(%S-:)(/*)(%S+)');-- extract the scheme, authority indicator, and domain portionsauthority = authority:gsub ('//', '', 1);-- replace place 1 pair of '/' with nothing;if is_set(authority) then-- if anything left (1 or 3+ '/' where authority should be) thenreturn scheme;-- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error messageenddomain = domain:gsub ('(%a):%d+', '%1');-- strip port number if presentendreturn scheme, domain;end--[[--------------------------< L I N K _ P A R A M _ O K >---------------------------------------------------checks the content of |title-link=, |series-link=, |author-link= etc for properly formatted content: no wikilinks, no urlsLink parameters are to hold the title of a wikipedia article so none of the WP:TITLESPECIALCHARACTERS are allowed:# < > [ ] | { } _except the underscore which is used as a space in wiki urls and # which is used for section linksreturns false when the value contains any of these characters.When there are no illegal characters, this function returns TRUE if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid url (the|<param>-link= parameter is ok); else false when value appears to be a valid url (the |<param>-link= parameter is NOT ok).]]local function link_param_ok (value)local scheme, domain;if value:find ('[<>%[%]|{}]') then-- if any prohibited charactersreturn false;endscheme, domain = split_url (value);-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from url; return not is_url (scheme, domain);-- return true if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid urlend--[[--------------------------< L I N K _ T I T L E _ O K >---------------------------------------------------Use link_param_ok() to validate |<param>-link= value and its matching |<title>= value.|<title>= may be wikilinked but not when |<param>-link= has a value.  This function emits an error message whenthat condition exists]]local function link_title_ok (link, lorig, title, torig)local orig;if is_set (link) then -- don't bother if <param>-link doesn't have a valueif not link_param_ok (link) then-- check |<param>-link= markuporig = lorig;-- identify the failing link parameterelseif title:find ('%[%[') then-- check |title= for wikilink markuporig = torig;-- identify the failing |title= parameterendendif is_set (orig) thentable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'bad_paramlink', orig)});-- url or wikilink in |title= with |title-link=;endend--[[--------------------------< C H E C K _ U R L >------------------------------------------------------------Determines whether a URL string appears to be valid.First we test for space characters.  If any are found, return false.  Then split the url into scheme and domainportions, or for protocol relative (//example.com) urls, just the domain.  Use is_url() to validate the twoportions of the url.  If both are valid, or for protocol relative if domain is valid, return true, else false.Because it is different from a standard url, and because this module used external_link() to make external linksthat work for standard and news: links, we validate newsgroup names here.  The specification for a newsgroup nameis at https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5536#section-3.1.4]]local function check_url( url_str )if nil == url_str:match ("^%S+$") then-- if there are any spaces in |url=value it can't be a proper urlreturn false;endlocal scheme, domain;scheme, domain = split_url (url_str);-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from url;if 'news:' == scheme then-- special case for newsgroupsreturn domain:match('^[%a%d%+%-_]+%.[%a%d%+%-_%.]*[%a%d%+%-_]$');endreturn is_url (scheme, domain);-- return true if value appears to be a valid urlend--[=[-------------------------< I S _ P A R A M E T E R _ E X T _ W I K I L I N K >----------------------------Return true if a parameter value has a string that begins and ends with square brackets [ and ] and the firstnon-space characters following the opening bracket appear to be a url.  The test will also find external wikilinksthat use protocol relative urls. Also finds bare urls.The frontier pattern prevents a match on interwiki links which are similar to scheme:path urls.  The tests thatfind bracketed urls are required because the parameters that call this test (currently |title=, |chapter=, |work=,and |publisher=) may have wikilinks and there are articles or redirects like '//Hus' so, while uncommon, |title=[[//Hus]]is possible as might be [[en://Hus]].]=]local function is_parameter_ext_wikilink (value)local scheme, domain;if value:match ('%f[%[]%[%a%S*:%S+.*%]') then-- if ext wikilink with scheme and domain: [xxxx://yyyyy.zzz]scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(%a%S*:%S+).*%]'));elseif value:match ('%f[%[]%[//%S+.*%]') then-- if protocol relative ext wikilink: [//yyyyy.zzz]scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(//%S+).*%]'));elseif value:match ('%a%S*:%S+') then-- if bare url with scheme; may have leading or trailing plain textscheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(%a%S*:%S+)'));elseif value:match ('//%S+') then-- if protocol relative bare url: //yyyyy.zzz; may have leading or trailing plain textscheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(//%S+)'));-- what is left should be the domainelsereturn false;-- didn't find anything that is obviously a urlendreturn is_url (scheme, domain);-- return true if value appears to be a valid urlend--[[-------------------------< C H E C K _ F O R _ U R L >-----------------------------------------------------loop through a list of parameters and their values.  Look at the value and if it has an external link, emit an error message.]]local function check_for_url (parameter_list)local error_message = '';for k, v in pairs (parameter_list) do-- for each parameter in the listif is_parameter_ext_wikilink (v) then-- look at the value; if there is a url add an error messageif is_set(error_message) then-- once we've added the first portion of the error message ...error_message=error_message .. ", ";-- ... add a comma space separatorenderror_message=error_message .. "&#124;" .. k .. "=";-- add the failed parameterendendif is_set (error_message) then-- done looping, if there is an error message, display ittable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'param_has_ext_link', {error_message}, true ) } );endend--[[--------------------------< S A F E _ F O R _ U R L >------------------------------------------------------Escape sequences for content that will be used for URL descriptions]]local function safe_for_url( str )if str:match( "%[%[.-%]%]" ) ~= nil then table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'wikilink_in_url', {}, true ) } );endreturn str:gsub( '[%[%]\n]', {['['] = '&#91;',[']'] = '&#93;',['\n'] = ' ' } );end--[[--------------------------< E X T E R N A L _ L I N K >----------------------------------------------------Format an external link with error checking]]local function external_link( URL, label, source, access)local error_str = "";local domain;local path;local base_url;if not is_set( label ) thenlabel = URL;if is_set( source ) thenerror_str = set_error( 'bare_url_missing_title', { wrap_style ('parameter', source) }, false, " " );elseerror( cfg.messages["bare_url_no_origin"] );endendif not check_url( URL ) thenerror_str = set_error( 'bad_url', {wrap_style ('parameter', source)}, false, " " ) .. error_str;enddomain, path = URL:match ('^([/%.%-%+:%a%d]+)([/%?#].*)$');-- split the url into scheme plus domain and pathif path then-- if there is a path portionpath = path:gsub ('[%[%]]', {['[']='%5b',[']']='%5d'});-- replace '[' and ']' with their percent encoded valuesURL=domain..path;-- and reassembleendif is_set (access) then-- access level (subscription, registration, limited)label = safe_for_url (label);-- replace square brackets and newlinesbase_url = table.concat (-- assemble external link with access signal{'<span class="plainlinks">[',-- opening css and url markupURL,-- the url' ',-- the required spacelabel,'<span style="padding-left:0.15em">',-- signal spacing csscfg.presentation[access],-- the appropriate icon'</span>',-- close signal spacing span']</span>'-- close url markup and plain links span});elsebase_url = table.concat({ "[", URL, " ", safe_for_url( label ), "]" });-- no signal markupendreturn table.concat({ base_url, error_str });end--[[--------------------------< D E P R E C A T E D _ P A R A M E T E R >--------------------------------------Categorize and emit an error message when the citation contains one or more deprecated parameters.  The function includes theoffending parameter name to the error message.  Only one error message is emitted regardless of the number of deprecatedparameters in the citation.added_deprecated_cat is a boolean declared in page scope variables above]]local function deprecated_parameter(name)if not added_deprecated_cat thenadded_deprecated_cat = true;-- note that we've added this categorytable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'deprecated_params', {name}, true ) } );-- add error messageendend--[=[-------------------------< K E R N _ Q U O T E S >--------------------------------------------------------Apply kerning to open the space between the quote mark provided by the Module and a leading or trailing quotemark contained in a |title= or |chapter= parameter's value.This function will positive kern either single or double quotes:"'Unkerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks'"" 'Kerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks' " (in real life the kerning isn't as wide as this example)Double single quotes (italic or bold wikimarkup) are not kerned.Replaces unicode quotemarks in plain text or in the label portion of a [[L|D]] style wikilink with typewriterquote marks regardless of the need for kerning.  Unicode quote marks are not replaced in simple [[D]] wikilinks.Call this function for chapter titles, for website titles, etc; not for book titles.]=]local function kern_quotes (str)local cap='';local cap2='';local wl_type, label, link;wl_type, label, link = is_wikilink (str);-- wl_type is: 0, no wl (text in label variable); 1, [[D]]; 2, [[L|D]]if 1 == wl_type then-- [[D]] simple wikilink with or without quote marksif mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[[\"“”\'‘’].+[\"“”\'‘’]%]%]') then-- leading and trailing quote marksstr = substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-wl-both'], str);elseif mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[[\"“”\'‘’].+%]%]')then-- leading quote marksstr = substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-wl-left'], str);elseif mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[.+[\"“”\'‘’]%]%]') then-- trailing quote marksstr = substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-wl-right'], str);endelse-- plain text or [[L|D]]; text in label variablelabel= mw.ustring.gsub (label, '[“”]', '\"');-- replace “” (U+201C & U+201D) with " (typewriter double quote mark)label= mw.ustring.gsub (label, '[‘’]', '\'');-- replace ‘’ (U+2018 & U+2019) with ' (typewriter single quote mark)cap, cap2 = mw.ustring.match (label, "^([\"\'])([^\'].+)");-- match leading double or single quote but not doubled single quotes (italic markup)if is_set (cap) thenlabel = substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], {cap, cap2});endcap, cap2 = mw.ustring.match (label, "^(.+[^\'])([\"\'])$")-- match trailing double or single quote but not doubled single quotes (italic markup)if is_set (cap) thenlabel = substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], {cap, cap2});endif 2 == wl_type thenstr = make_wikilink (link, label);-- reassemble the wikilinkelsestr = label;endendreturn str;end--[[--------------------------< F O R M A T _ S C R I P T _ V A L U E >----------------------------------------|script-title= holds title parameters that are not written in Latin based scripts: Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Hebrew, etc. These scripts shouldnot be italicized and may be written right-to-left.  The value supplied by |script-title= is concatenated onto Title after Title has been wrappedin italic markup.Regardless of language, all values provided by |script-title= are wrapped in <bdi>...</bdi> tags to isolate rtl languages from the English left to right.|script-title= provides a unique feature.  The value in |script-title= may be prefixed with a two-character ISO639-1 language code and a colon:|script-title=ja:*** *** (where * represents a Japanese character)Spaces between the two-character code and the colon and the colon and the first script character are allowed:|script-title=ja : *** ***|script-title=ja: *** ***|script-title=ja :*** ***Spaces preceding the prefix are allowed: |script-title = ja:*** ***The prefix is checked for validity.  If it is a valid ISO639-1 language code, the lang attribute (lang="ja") is added to the <bdi> tag so that browsers canknow the language the tag contains.  This may help the browser render the script more correctly.  If the prefix is invalid, the lang attributeis not added.  At this time there is no error message for this condition.Supports |script-title= and |script-chapter=TODO: error messages when prefix is invalid ISO639-1 code; when script_value has prefix but no script;]]local function format_script_value (script_value)local lang='';-- initialize to empty stringlocal name;if script_value:match('^%l%l%s*:') then-- if first 3 non-space characters are script language prefixlang = script_value:match('^(%l%l)%s*:%s*%S.*');-- get the language prefix or nil if there is no scriptif not is_set (lang) thenreturn '';-- script_value was just the prefix so return empty stringend-- if we get this far we have prefix and scriptname = mw.language.fetchLanguageName( lang, "en" );-- get language name so that we can use it to categorizeif is_set (name) then-- is prefix a proper ISO 639-1 language code?script_value = script_value:gsub ('^%l%l%s*:%s*', '');-- strip prefix from script-- is prefix one of these language codes?if in_array (lang, cfg.script_lang_codes) thenadd_prop_cat ('script_with_name', {name, lang})elseadd_prop_cat ('script')endlang = ' lang="' .. lang .. '" ';-- convert prefix into a lang attributeelselang = '';-- invalid so set lang to empty stringendendscript_value = substitute (cfg.presentation['bdi'], {lang, script_value});-- isolate in case script is rtlreturn script_value;end--[[--------------------------< S C R I P T _ C O N C A T E N A T E >------------------------------------------Initially for |title= and |script-title=, this function concatenates those two parameter values after the script value has been wrapped in <bdi> tags.]]local function script_concatenate (title, script)if is_set (script) thenscript = format_script_value (script);-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; returns empty string on errorif is_set (script) thentitle = title .. ' ' .. script;-- concatenate title and script titleendendreturn title;end--[[--------------------------< W R A P _ M S G >--------------------------------------------------------------Applies additional message text to various parameter values. Supplied string is wrapped using a message_listconfiguration taking one argument.  Supports lower case text for {{citation}} templates.  Additional text takenfrom citation_config.messages - the reason this function is similar to but separate from wrap_style().]]local function wrap_msg (key, str, lower)if not is_set( str ) thenreturn "";endif true == lower thenlocal msg;msg = cfg.messages[key]:lower();-- set the message to lower case before return substitute( msg, str );-- including template textelsereturn substitute( cfg.messages[key], str );endend--[[--------------------------< F O R M A T _ C H A P T E R _ T I T L E >--------------------------------------Format the four chapter parameters: |script-chapter=, |chapter=, |trans-chapter=, and |chapter-url= into a single Chapter meta-parameter (chapter_url_source used for error messages).]]local function format_chapter_title (scriptchapter, chapter, transchapter, chapterurl, chapter_url_source, no_quotes, access)local chapter_error = '';if not is_set (chapter) thenchapter = '';-- to be safe for concatenationelseif false == no_quotes thenchapter = kern_quotes (chapter);-- if necessary, separate chapter title's leading and trailing quote marks from Module provided quote markschapter = wrap_style ('quoted-title', chapter);endendchapter = script_concatenate (chapter, scriptchapter)-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; must be done after title is wrappedif is_set (transchapter) thentranschapter = wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', transchapter);if is_set (chapter) thenchapter = chapter ..  ' ' .. transchapter;else-- here when transchapter without chapter or script-chapterchapter = transchapter;-- chapter_error = ' ' .. set_error ('trans_missing_title', {'chapter'});endendif is_set (chapterurl) thenchapter = external_link (chapterurl, chapter, chapter_url_source, access);-- adds bare_url_missing_title error if appropriateendreturn chapter .. chapter_error;end--[[--------------------------< H A S _ I N V I S I B L E _ C H A R S >----------------------------------------This function searches a parameter's value for nonprintable or invisible characters.  The search stops at thefirst match.This function will detect the visible replacement character when it is part of the wikisource.Detects but ignores nowiki and math stripmarkers.  Also detects other named stripmarkers (gallery, math, pre, ref)and identifies them with a slightly different error message.  See also coins_cleanup().Detects but ignores the character pattern that results from the transclusion of {{'}} templates.Output of this function is an error message that identifies the character or the Unicode group, or the stripmarkerthat was detected along with its position (or, for multi-byte characters, the position of its first byte) in theparameter value.]]local function has_invisible_chars (param, v)local position = '';-- position of invisible char or starting position of stripmarkerlocal dummy;-- end of matching string; not used but required to hold end position when a capture is returnedlocal capture;-- used by stripmarker detection to hold name of the stripmarkerlocal i=1;local stripmarker, apostrophe;capture = string.match (v, '[%w%p ]*');-- Test for values that are simple ASCII text and bypass other tests if trueif capture == v then-- if same there are no unicode charactersreturn;endwhile cfg.invisible_chars[i] dolocal char=cfg.invisible_chars[i][1]-- the character or group namelocal pattern=cfg.invisible_chars[i][2]-- the pattern used to find itposition, dummy, capture = mw.ustring.find (v, pattern)-- see if the parameter value contains characters that match the patternif position and (char == 'zero width joiner') then-- if we found a zero width joiner characterif mw.ustring.find (v, cfg.indic_script) then-- its ok if one of the indic scriptsposition = nil;-- unset positionendendif position thenif 'nowiki' == capture or 'math' == capture then -- nowiki, math stripmarker (not an error condition)stripmarker = true;-- set a flagelseif true == stripmarker and 'delete' == char then-- because stripmakers begin and end with the delete char, assume that we've found one end of a stripmarkerposition = nil;-- unsetelselocal err_msg;if capture thenerr_msg = capture .. ' ' .. char;elseerr_msg = char .. ' ' .. 'character';endtable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invisible_char', {err_msg, wrap_style ('parameter', param), position}, true ) } );-- add error messagereturn;-- and done with this parameterendendi=i+1;-- bump our indexendend--[[--------------------------< A R G U M E N T _ W R A P P E R >----------------------------------------------Argument wrapper.  This function provides support for argument mapping defined in the configuration file so thatmultiple names can be transparently aliased to single internal variable.]]local function argument_wrapper( args )local origin = {};return setmetatable({ORIGIN = function( self, k )local dummy = self[k]; --force the variable to be loaded.return origin[k];end},{__index = function ( tbl, k )if origin[k] ~= nil thenreturn nil;endlocal args, list, v = args, cfg.aliases[k];if type( list ) == 'table' thenv, origin[k] = select_one( args, list, 'redundant_parameters' );if origin[k] == nil thenorigin[k] = ''; -- Empty string, not nilendelseif list ~= nil thenv, origin[k] = args[list], list;else-- maybe let through instead of raising an error?-- v, origin[k] = args[k], k;error( cfg.messages['unknown_argument_map'] );end-- Empty strings, not nil;if v == nil thenv = cfg.defaults[k] or '';origin[k] = '';endtbl = rawset( tbl, k, v );return v;end,});end--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E >--------------------------------------------------------------Looks for a parameter's name in one of several whitelists.Parameters in the whitelist can have three values:true - active, supported parametersfalse - deprecated, supported parametersnil - unsupported parameters]]local function validate( name, cite_class )local name = tostring( name );local state;if in_array (cite_class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) then-- limited parameter sets allowed for these templatesstate = whitelist.limited_basic_arguments[ name ];if true == state then return true; end-- valid actively supported parameterif false == state thendeprecated_parameter (name);-- parameter is deprecated but still supportedreturn true;endif 'arxiv' == cite_class then-- basic parameters unique to these templatesstate = whitelist.arxiv_basic_arguments[name];endif 'biorxiv' == cite_class thenstate = whitelist.biorxiv_basic_arguments[name];endif 'citeseerx' == cite_class thenstate = whitelist.citeseerx_basic_arguments[name];endif true == state then return true; end-- valid actively supported parameterif false == state thendeprecated_parameter (name);-- parameter is deprecated but still supportedreturn true;end-- limited enumerated parameters listname = name:gsub( "%d+", "#" );-- replace digit(s) with # (last25 becomes last#)state = whitelist.limited_numbered_arguments[ name ];if true == state then return true; end-- valid actively supported parameterif false == state thendeprecated_parameter (name);-- parameter is deprecated but still supportedreturn true;endreturn false;-- not supported because not found or name is set to nilend-- end limited parameter-set templatesstate = whitelist.basic_arguments[ name ];-- all other templates; all normal parameters allowedif true == state then return true; end-- valid actively supported parameterif false == state thendeprecated_parameter (name);-- parameter is deprecated but still supportedreturn true;end-- all enumerated parameters allowedname = name:gsub( "%d+", "#" );-- replace digit(s) with # (last25 becomes last#state = whitelist.numbered_arguments[ name ];if true == state then return true; end-- valid actively supported parameterif false == state thendeprecated_parameter (name);-- parameter is deprecated but still supportedreturn true;endreturn false;-- not supported because not found or name is set to nilend--[[--------------------------< N O W R A P _ D A T E >--------------------------------------------------------When date is YYYY-MM-DD format wrap in nowrap span: <span ...>YYYY-MM-DD</span>.  When date is DD MMMM YYYY or isMMMM DD, YYYY then wrap in nowrap span: <span ...>DD MMMM</span> YYYY or <span ...>MMMM DD,</span> YYYYDOES NOT yet support MMMM YYYY or any of the date ranges.]]local function nowrap_date (date)local cap='';local cap2='';if date:match("^%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d$") thendate = substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap1'], date);elseif date:match("^%a+%s*%d%d?,%s+%d%d%d%d$") or date:match ("^%d%d?%s*%a+%s+%d%d%d%d$") thencap, cap2 = string.match (date, "^(.*)%s+(%d%d%d%d)$");date = substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap2'], {cap, cap2});endreturn date;end--[[--------------------------< S E T _ T I T L E T Y P E >----------------------------------------------------This function sets default title types (equivalent to the citation including |type=<default value>) for those templates that have defaults.Also handles the special case where it is desirable to omit the title type from the rendered citation (|type=none).]]local function set_titletype (cite_class, title_type)if is_set(title_type) thenif "none" == title_type thentitle_type = "";-- if |type=none then type parameter not displayedendreturn title_type;-- if |type= has been set to any other value use that valueendreturn cfg.title_types [cite_class] or '';-- set template's default title type; else empty string for concatenationend--[[--------------------------< H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H >--------------------------------------------------Converts a hyphen to a dash]]local function hyphen_to_dash( str )if not is_set(str) or str:match( "[%[%]{}<>]" ) ~= nil thenreturn str;endreturn str:gsub( '-', '–' );end--[[--------------------------< S A F E _ J O I N >------------------------------------------------------------Joins a sequence of strings together while checking for duplicate separation characters.]]local function safe_join( tbl, duplicate_char )--[[Note: we use string functions here, rather than ustring functions.This has considerably faster performance and should work correctly as long as the duplicate_char is strict ASCII.  The stringsin tbl may be ASCII or UTF8.]]local str = '';-- the output stringlocal comp = '';-- what does 'comp' mean?local end_chr = '';local trim;for _, value in ipairs( tbl ) doif value == nil then value = ''; endif str == '' then-- if output string is emptystr = value;-- assign value to it (first time through the loop)elseif value ~= '' thenif value:sub(1,1) == '<' then-- Special case of values enclosed in spans and other markup.comp = value:gsub( "%b<>", "" );-- remove html markup (<span>string</span> -> string)elsecomp = value;end-- typically duplicate_char is sepcif comp:sub(1,1) == duplicate_char then-- is first charactier same as duplicate_char? why test first character?--   Because individual string segments often (always?) begin with terminal punct for th--   preceding segment: 'First element' .. 'sepc next element' .. etc?trim = false;end_chr = str:sub(-1,-1);-- get the last character of the output string-- str = str .. "<HERE(enchr=" .. end_chr.. ")"-- debug stuff?if end_chr == duplicate_char then-- if same as separatorstr = str:sub(1,-2);-- remove itelseif end_chr == "'" then-- if it might be wikimarkupif str:sub(-3,-1) == duplicate_char .. "''" then-- if last three chars of str are sepc'' str = str:sub(1, -4) .. "''";-- remove them and add back ''elseif str:sub(-5,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]]''" then-- if last five chars of str are sepc]]'' trim = true;-- why? why do this and next differently from previous?elseif str:sub(-4,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]''" then-- if last four chars of str are sepc]'' trim = true;-- same questionendelseif end_chr == "]" then-- if it might be wikimarkupif str:sub(-3,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]]" then-- if last three chars of str are sepc]] wikilink trim = true;elseif str:sub(-3,-1) == duplicate_char .. '"]' then-- if last three chars of str are sepc"] quoted external link trim = true;elseif str:sub(-2,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]" then-- if last two chars of str are sepc] external linktrim = true;elseif str:sub(-4,-1) == duplicate_char .. "'']" then-- normal case when |url=something & |title=Title.trim = true;endelseif end_chr == " " then-- if last char of output string is a spaceif str:sub(-2,-1) == duplicate_char .. " " then-- if last two chars of str are <sepc><space>str = str:sub(1,-3);-- remove them bothendendif trim thenif value ~= comp then -- value does not equal comp when value contains html markuplocal dup2 = duplicate_char;if dup2:match( "%A" ) then dup2 = "%" .. dup2; end-- if duplicate_char not a letter then escape itvalue = value:gsub( "(%b<>)" .. dup2, "%1", 1 )-- remove duplicate_char if it follows html markupelsevalue = value:sub( 2, -1 );-- remove duplicate_char when it is first characterendendendstr = str .. value;--add it to the output stringendendreturn str;end  --[[--------------------------< I S _ S U F F I X >------------------------------------------------------------returns true is suffix is properly formed Jr, Sr, or ordinal in the range 2–9.  Puncutation not allowed.]]local function is_suffix (suffix)if in_array (suffix, {'Jr', 'Sr', '2nd', '3rd'}) or suffix:match ('^%dth$') thenreturn true;endreturn false;end--[[--------------------------< I S _ G O O D _ V A N C _ N A M E >--------------------------------------------For Vancouver Style, author/editor names are supposed to be rendered in Latin (read ASCII) characters.  When a nameuses characters that contain diacritical marks, those characters are to converted to the corresponding Latin character.When a name is written using a non-Latin alphabet or logogram, that name is to be transliterated into Latin characters.These things are not currently possible in this module so are left to the editor to do.This test allows |first= and |last= names to contain any of the letters defined in the four Unicode Latin character sets[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0000.pdf C0 Controls and Basic Latin] 0041–005A, 0061–007A[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement] 00C0–00D6, 00D8–00F6, 00F8–00FF[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0100.pdf Latin Extended-A] 0100–017F[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0180.pdf Latin Extended-B] 0180–01BF, 01C4–024F|lastn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, and apostrophes. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)|firstn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, apostrophes, and periodsThis original test:if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, "^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿǄ-ɏ%-%s%']*$") or nil == mw.ustring.find (first, "^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿǄ-ɏ%-%s%'%.]+[2-6%a]*$") thenwas written ouside of the code editor and pasted here because the code editor gets confused between character insertion point and cursor position.The test has been rewritten to use decimal character escape sequence for the individual bytes of the unicode characters so that it is not necessaryto use an external editor to maintain this code.\195\128-\195\150 – À-Ö (U+00C0–U+00D6 – C0 controls)\195\152-\195\182 – Ø-ö (U+00D8-U+00F6 – C0 controls)\195\184-\198\191 – ø-ƿ (U+00F8-U+01BF – C0 controls, Latin extended A & B)\199\132-\201\143 – Ǆ-ɏ (U+01C4-U+024F – Latin extended B)]]local function is_good_vanc_name (last, first)local first, suffix = first:match ('(.-),?%s*([%dJS][%drndth]+)%.?$') or first;-- if first has something that looks like a generational suffix, get itif is_set (suffix) thenif not is_suffix (suffix) thenadd_vanc_error ('suffix');return false;-- not a name with an appropriate suffixendendif nil == mw.ustring.find (last, "^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143%-%s%']*$") ornil == mw.ustring.find (first, "^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143%-%s%'%.]*$") thenadd_vanc_error ('non-Latin character');return false;-- not a string of latin characters; Vancouver requires Romanizationend;return true;end--[[--------------------------< R E D U C E _ T O _ I N I T I A L S >------------------------------------------Attempts to convert names to initials in support of |name-list-format=vanc.  Names in |firstn= may be separated by spaces or hyphens, or for initials, a period. See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35062/.Vancouver style requires family rank designations (Jr, II, III, etc) to be rendered as Jr, 2nd, 3rd, etc.  See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35085/.This code only accepts and understands generational suffix in the Vancouver format because Roman numerals look like, and can be mistaken for, initials.This function uses ustring functions because firstname initials may be any of the unicode Latin characters accepted by is_good_vanc_name ().]]local function reduce_to_initials(first)local name, suffix = mw.ustring.match(first, "^(%u+) ([%dJS][%drndth]+)$");if not name then-- if not initials and a suffixname = mw.ustring.match(first, "^(%u+)$");-- is it just intials?endif name then-- if first is initials with or without suffixif 3 > mw.ustring.len (name) then-- if one or two initialsif suffix then-- if there is a suffixif is_suffix (suffix) then-- is it legitimate?return first;-- one or two initials and a valid suffix so nothing to doelseadd_vanc_error ('suffix');-- one or two initials with invalid suffix so error messagereturn first;-- and return first unmolestedendelsereturn first;-- one or two initials without suffix; nothing to doendendend-- if here then name has 3 or more uppercase letters so treat them as a wordlocal initials, names = {}, {};-- tables to hold name parts and initialslocal i = 1;-- counter for number of initialsnames = mw.text.split (first, '[%s,]+');-- split into a table of names and possible suffixwhile names[i] do-- loop through the tableif 1 < i and names[i]:match ('[%dJS][%drndth]+%.?$') then-- if not the first name, and looks like a suffix (may have trailing dot)names[i] = names[i]:gsub ('%.', '');-- remove terminal dot if presentif is_suffix (names[i]) then-- if a legitimate suffixtable.insert (initials, ' ' .. names[i]);-- add a separator space, insert at end of initials tablebreak;-- and done because suffix must fall at the end of a nameend-- no error message if not a suffix; possibly because of Romanizationendif 3 > i thentable.insert (initials, mw.ustring.sub(names[i],1,1));-- insert the intial at end of initials tableendi = i+1;-- bump the counterendreturn table.concat(initials)-- Vancouver format does not include spaces.end--[[--------------------------< L I S T  _ P E O P L E >-------------------------------------------------------Formats a list of people (e.g. authors / editors) ]]local function list_people(control, people, etal)local sep;local namesep;local format = control.formatlocal maximum = control.maximumlocal lastauthoramp = control.lastauthoramp;local text = {}if 'vanc' == format then-- Vancouver-like author/editor name styling?sep = ',';-- name-list separator between authors is a commanamesep = ' ';-- last/first separator is a spaceelsesep = ';'-- name-list separator between authors is a semicolonnamesep = ', '-- last/first separator is <comma><space>endif sep:sub(-1,-1) ~= " " then sep = sep .. " " endif is_set (maximum) and maximum < 1 then return "", 0; end-- returned 0 is for EditorCount; not used for authorsfor i,person in ipairs(people) doif is_set(person.last) thenlocal mask = person.masklocal onelocal sep_one = sep;if is_set (maximum) and i > maximum thenetal = true;break;elseif (mask ~= nil) thenlocal n = tonumber(mask)if (n ~= nil) thenone = string.rep("&mdash;",n)elseone = mask;sep_one = " ";endelseone = person.lastlocal first = person.firstif is_set(first) thenif ( "vanc" == format ) then-- if vancouver formatone = one:gsub ('%.', '');-- remove periods from surnames (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)if not person.corporate and is_good_vanc_name (one, first) then-- and name is all Latin characters; corporate authors not testedfirst = reduce_to_initials(first)-- attempt to convert first name(s) to initialsendendone = one .. namesep .. first;endif is_set(person.link) and person.link ~= control.page_name thenone = make_wikilink (person.link, one);-- link author/editor if this page is not the author's/editor's pageendendtable.insert( text, one )table.insert( text, sep_one )endendlocal count = #text / 2;-- (number of names + number of separators) divided by 2if count > 0 then if count > 1 and is_set(lastauthoramp) and not etal thentext[#text-2] = " & ";-- replace last separator with ampersand textendtext[#text] = nil;-- erase the last separatorendlocal result = table.concat(text)-- construct listif etal and is_set (result) then-- etal may be set by |display-authors=etal but we might not have a last-first listresult = result .. sep .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];-- we've go a last-first list and etal so add et al.endreturn result, countend--[[--------------------------< A N C H O R _ I D >------------------------------------------------------------Generates a CITEREF anchor ID if we have at least one name or a date.  Otherwise returns an empty string.namelist is one of the contributor-, author-, or editor-name lists chosen in that order.  year is Year or anchor_year.]]local function anchor_id (namelist, year)local names={};-- a table for the one to four names and yearfor i,v in ipairs (namelist) do-- loop through the list and take up to the first four last namesnames[i] = v.last if i == 4 then break end-- if four then doneendtable.insert (names, year);-- add the year at the endlocal id = table.concat(names);-- concatenate names and year for CITEREF idif is_set (id) then-- if concatenation is not an empty stringreturn "CITEREF" .. id;-- add the CITEREF portionelsereturn '';-- return an empty string; no reason to include CITEREF id in this citationendend--[[--------------------------< N A M E _ H A S _ E T A L >----------------------------------------------------Evaluates the content of author and editor name parameters for variations on the theme of et al.  If found,the et al. is removed, a flag is set to true and the function returns the modified name and the flag.This function never sets the flag to false but returns it's previous state because it may have been set byprevious passes through this function or by the parameters |display-authors=etal or |display-editors=etal]]local function name_has_etal (name, etal, nocat)if is_set (name) then-- name can be nil in which case just returnlocal etal_pattern = "[;,]? *[\"']*%f[%a][Ee][Tt] *[Aa][Ll][%.\"']*$"-- variations on the 'et al' themelocal others_pattern = "[;,]? *%f[%a]and [Oo]thers";-- and alternate to et al.if name:match (etal_pattern) then-- variants on et al.name = name:gsub (etal_pattern, '');-- if found, removeetal = true;-- set flag (may have been set previously here or by |display-authors=etal)if not nocat then-- no categorization for |vauthors=add_maint_cat ('etal');-- and add a category if not already addedendelseif name:match (others_pattern) then-- if not 'et al.', then 'and others'?name = name:gsub (others_pattern, '');-- if found, removeetal = true;-- set flag (may have been set previously here or by |display-authors=etal)if not nocat then-- no categorization for |vauthors=add_maint_cat ('etal');-- and add a category if not already addedendendendreturn name, etal;-- end--[[--------------------------< N A M E _ H A S _ E D _ M A R K U P >------------------------------------------Evaluates the content of author and editor parameters for extranious editor annotations: ed, ed., eds, (Ed.), etc.These annotation do not belong in author parameters and are redundant in editor parameters.  If found, the functionadds the editor markup maintenance category.]]local function name_has_ed_markup (name, list_name)local _, pattern;local patterns = {-- these patterns match annotations at end of name'%f[%(%[][%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]?$',-- (ed) or (eds): leading '(', case insensitive 'ed', optional 's', '.' and/or ')''[,%.%s]%f[e]eds?%.?$',-- ed or eds: without '('or ')'; case sensitive (ED could be initials Ed could be name)'%f[%(%[][%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]?$',-- (editor) or (editors): leading '(', case insensitive, optional '.' and/or ')''[,%.%s]%f[Ee][Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%.?$',-- editor or editors: without '('or ')'; case insensitive-- these patterns match annotations at beginning of name'^eds?[%.,;]',-- ed. or eds.: lower case only, optional 's', requires '.''^[%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]',-- (ed) or (eds): also sqare brackets, case insensitive, optional 's', '.''^[%(%[]?%s*[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%A',-- (editor or (editors: also sq brackets, case insensitive, optional brackets, 's''^[%(%[]?%s*[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Ee][Dd]%A',-- (edited: also sq brackets, case insensitive, optional brackets}if is_set (name) thenfor _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do-- spin through patterns table andif name:match (pattern) thenadd_maint_cat ('extra_text_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);-- add a maint cat for this templatebreak;endendendreturn name;-- and doneend--[[--------------------------< N A M E _ H A S _ M U L T _ N A M E S >----------------------------------------Evaluates the content of author and editor (surnames only) parameters for multiple names.  Multiple names areindicated if there is more than one comma and or semicolon.  If found, the function adds the multiple name(author or editor) maintenance category.]]local function name_has_mult_names (name, list_name)local count, _;if is_set (name) then_, count = name:gsub ('[;,]', '');-- count the number of separator-like charactersif 1 < count then-- param could be |author= or |editor= so one separator character is acceptableadd_maint_cat ('mult_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);-- more than one separator indicates multiple names so add a maint cat for this templateendendreturn name;-- and doneend--[[--------------------------< N A M E _ C H E C K S >--------------------------------------------------------This function calls various name checking functions used to validate the content of the various name-holdingparameters.]]local function name_checks (last, first, list_name)if is_set (last) thenif last:match ('^%(%(.*%)%)$') then-- if wrapped in doubled parentheses, accept as written last = last:match ('^%(%((.*)%)%)$');-- strip parenselselast = name_has_mult_names (last, list_name);-- check for multiple names in the parameter (last only)last = name_has_ed_markup (last, list_name);-- check for extraneous 'editor' annotationendendif is_set (first) thenif first:match ('^%(%(.*%)%)$') then-- if wrapped in doubled parentheses, accept as written first = first:match ('^%(%((.*)%)%)$');-- strip parenselsefirst = name_has_ed_markup (first, list_name);-- check for extraneous 'editor' annotationendendreturn last, first;-- doneend--[[--------------------------< E X T R A C T _ N A M E S >----------------------------------------------------Gets name list from the input argumentsSearches through args in sequential order to find |lastn= and |firstn= parameters (or their aliases), and their matching link and mask parameters.Stops searching when both |lastn= and |firstn= are not found in args after two sequential attempts: found |last1=, |last2=, and |last3= but doesn'tfind |last4= and |last5= then the search is done.This function emits an error message when there is a |firstn= without a matching |lastn=.  When there are 'holes' in the list of last names, |last1= and |last3=are present but |last2= is missing, an error message is emitted. |lastn= is not required to have a matching |firstn=.When an author or editor parameter contains some form of 'et al.', the 'et al.' is stripped from the parameter and a flag (etal) returnedthat will cause list_people() to add the static 'et al.' text from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration.  This keeps 'et al.' out of the template's metadata.  When this occurs, the page is added to a maintenance category.]]local function extract_names(args, list_name)local names = {};-- table of nameslocal last;-- individual name componentslocal first;local link;local mask;local i = 1;-- loop counter/indexerlocal n = 1;-- output table indexerlocal count = 0;-- used to count the number of times we haven't found a |last= (or alias for authors, |editor-last or alias for editors)local etal=false;-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. in an author parameterlocal err_msg_list_name = list_name:match ("(%w+)List") .. 's list';-- modify AuthorList or EditorList for use in error messages if necessarywhile true dolast = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'redundant_parameters', i );-- search through args for name components beginning at 1first = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'redundant_parameters', i );link = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'redundant_parameters', i );mask = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'redundant_parameters', i );last, etal = name_has_etal (last, etal, false);-- find and remove variations on et al.first, etal = name_has_etal (first, etal, false);-- find and remove variations on et al.last, first= name_checks (last, first, list_name);-- multiple names, extraneous annotation, etc checksif first and not last then-- if there is a firstn without a matching lastntable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'first_missing_last', {err_msg_list_name, i}, true ) } );-- add this error messageelseif not first and not last then-- if both firstn and lastn aren't found, are we done?count = count + 1;-- number of times we haven't found last and firstif 2 <= count then-- two missing names and we give upbreak;-- normal exit or there is a two-name hole in the list; can't tell whichendelse-- we have last with or without a firstlink_title_ok (link, list_name:match ("(%w+)List"):lower() .. '-link' .. i, last, list_name:match ("(%w+)List"):lower() .. '-last' .. i);-- check for improper wikimarkupnames[n] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate=false};-- add this name to our names list (corporate for |vauthors= only)n = n + 1;-- point to next location in the names tableif 1 == count then-- if the previous name was missingtable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'missing_name', {err_msg_list_name, i-1}, true ) } );-- add this error messageendcount = 0;-- reset the counter, we're looking for two consecutive missing namesendi = i + 1;-- point to next args locationendreturn names, etal;-- all done, return our list of namesend--[[--------------------------< G E T _ I S O 6 3 9 _ C O D E >------------------------------------------------Validates language names provided in |language= parameter if not an ISO639-1 or 639-2 code.Returns the language name and associated two- or three-character code.  Because case of the source may be incorrector different from the case that WikiMedia uses, the name comparisons are done in lower case and when a match isfound, the Wikimedia version (assumed to be correct) is returned along with the code.  When there is no match, wereturn the original language name string.mw.language.fetchLanguageNames(<local wiki language>, 'all') returns a list of languages that in some cases may includeextensions. For example, code 'cbk-zam' and its associated name 'Chavacano de Zamboanga' (MediaWiki does not supportcode 'cbk' or name 'Chavacano'.  Most (all?) of these languages are not used a 'language' codes per se, rather theyare used as sub-domain names: cbk-zam.wikipedia.org.  These names can be found (for the time being) athttps://phabricator.wikimedia.org/diffusion/ECLD/browse/master/LocalNames/LocalNamesEn.phpNames but that are included in the list will be found if that name is provided in the |language= parameter.  For example,if |language=Chavacano de Zamboanga, that name will be found with the associated code 'cbk-zam'.  When names are foundand the associated code is not two or three characters, this function returns only the Wikimedia language name.Adapted from code taken from Module:Check ISO 639-1.]]local function get_iso639_code (lang, this_wiki_code)local remap = {['bangla'] = {'Bengali', 'bn'},-- MediaWiki returns Bangla (the endonym) but we want Bengali (the exonym); here we remap['bengali'] = {'Bengali', 'bn'},-- MediaWiki doesn't use exonym so here we provide correct language name and 639-1 code['bihari'] = {'Bihari', 'bh'},-- MediaWiki replace 'Bihari' with 'Bhojpuri' so 'Bihari' cannot be found['bhojpuri'] = {'Bhojpuri', 'bho'},-- MediaWiki uses 'bh' as a subdomain name for Bhojpuri wWikipedia: bh.wikipedia.org}if remap[lang:lower()] thenreturn remap[lang:lower()][1], remap[lang:lower()][2];-- for this language 'name', return a possibly new name and appropriate codeendlocal languages = mw.language.fetchLanguageNames(this_wiki_code, 'all')-- get a list of language names known to Wikimedia-- ('all' is required for North Ndebele, South Ndebele, and Ojibwa)local langlc = mw.ustring.lower(lang);-- lower case version for comparisonsfor code, name in pairs(languages) do-- scan the list to see if we can find our languageif langlc == mw.ustring.lower(name) thenif 2 ~= code:len() and 3 ~= code:len() then-- two- or three-character codes only; extensions not supportedreturn name;-- so return the name but not the codeendreturn name, code;-- found it, return name to ensure proper capitalization and the the codeendendreturn lang;-- not valid language; return language in original case and nil for the codeend--[[--------------------------< L A N G U A G E _ P A R A M E T E R >------------------------------------------Gets language name from a provided two- or three-character ISO 639 code.  If a code is recognized by MediaWiki,use the returned name; if not, then use the value that was provided with the language parameter.When |language= contains a recognized language (either code or name), the page is assigned to the category forthat code: Category:Norwegian-language sources (no).  For valid three-character code languages, the page is assignedto the single category for '639-2' codes: Category:CS1 ISO 639-2 language sources.Languages that are the same as the local wiki are not categorized.  MediaWiki does not recognize three-characterequivalents of two-character codes: code 'ar' is recognized bit code 'ara' is not.This function supports multiple languages in the form |language=nb, French, th where the language names or codes areseparated from each other by commas.]]local function language_parameter (lang)local code;-- the two- or three-character language codelocal name;-- the language namelocal language_list = {};-- table of language names to be renderedlocal names_table = {};-- table made from the value assigned to |language=local this_wiki = mw.getContentLanguage();-- get a language object for this wikilocal this_wiki_code = this_wiki:getCode()-- get this wiki's language codelocal this_wiki_name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName(this_wiki_code, this_wiki_code);-- get this wiki's language namelocal remap = {['bh'] = 'Bihari',-- MediaWiki uses 'bh' as a subdomain name for Bhojpuri wWikipedia: bh.wikipedia.org['bn'] = 'Bengali',-- MediaWiki returns Bangla}names_table = mw.text.split (lang, '%s*,%s*');-- names should be a comma separated listfor _, lang in ipairs (names_table) do-- reuse langif lang:match ('^%a%a%-') then-- strip ietf language tags from code; TODO: is there a need to support 3-char with tag?lang = lang:match ('(%a%a)%-')-- keep only 639-1 code portion to lang; TODO: do something with 3166 alpha 2 country code?endif 2 == lang:len() or 3 == lang:len() then-- if two-or three-character codename = mw.language.fetchLanguageName( lang:lower(), this_wiki_code);-- get language name if |language= is a proper codeendif is_set (name) then-- if |language= specified a valid codecode = lang:lower();-- save itelsename, code = get_iso639_code (lang, this_wiki_code);-- attempt to get code from name (assign name here so that we are sure of proper capitalization)endif is_set (code) then-- only 2- or 3-character codesname = remap[code] or name;-- override wikimedia when they misuse language codes/namesif this_wiki_code ~= code then-- when the language is not the same as this wiki's languageif 2 == code:len() then-- and is a two-character codeadd_prop_cat ('foreign_lang_source' .. code, {name, code})-- categorize itelse-- or is a recognized language (but has a three-character code)add_prop_cat ('foreign_lang_source_2' .. code, {code})-- categorize it differently TODO: support mutliple three-character code categories per cs1|2 templateendendelseadd_maint_cat ('unknown_lang');-- add maint category if not already addedendtable.insert (language_list, name);name = '';-- so we can reuse itendcode = #language_list-- reuse code as number of languages in the listif 2 >= code thenname = table.concat (language_list, ' and ')-- insert '<space>and<space>' between two language nameselseif 2 < code thenlanguage_list[code] = 'and ' .. language_list[code];-- prepend last name with 'and<space>'name = table.concat (language_list, ', ')-- and concatenate with '<comma><space>' separatorsendif this_wiki_name == name thenreturn '';-- if one language and that language is this wiki's return an empty string (no annotation)endreturn (" " .. wrap_msg ('language', name));-- otherwise wrap with '(in ...)'--[[ TODO: should only return blank or name rather than full listso we can clean up the bunched parenthetical elements Language, Type, Format]]end--[[--------------------------< S E T _ C S 1 _ S T Y L E >----------------------------------------------------Set style settings for CS1 citation templates. Returns separator and postscript settings]]local function set_cs1_style (ps)if not is_set (ps) then-- unless explicitely set to somethingps = '.';-- terminate the rendered citation with a periodendreturn '.', ps;-- separator is a full stopend--[[--------------------------< S E T _ C S 2 _ S T Y L E >----------------------------------------------------Set style settings for CS2 citation templates. Returns separator, postscript, ref settings]]local function set_cs2_style (ps, ref)if not is_set (ps) then-- if |postscript= has not been set, set cs2 defaultps = '';-- make sure it isn't nilendif not is_set (ref) then-- if |ref= is not setref = "harv";-- set default |ref=harvendreturn ',', ps, ref;-- separator is a commaend--[[--------------------------< G E T _ S E T T I N G S _ F R O M _ C I T E _ C L A S S >----------------------When |mode= is not set or when its value is invalid, use config.CitationClass and parameter values to establishrendered style.]]local function get_settings_from_cite_class (ps, ref, cite_class)local sep;if (cite_class == "citation") then-- for citation templates (CS2)sep, ps, ref = set_cs2_style (ps, ref);else-- not a citation template so CS1sep, ps = set_cs1_style (ps);endreturn sep, ps, ref-- return them allend--[[--------------------------< S E T _ S T Y L E >------------------------------------------------------------Establish basic style settings to be used when rendering the citation.  Uses |mode= if set and valid or usesconfig.CitationClass from the template's #invoke: to establish style.]]local function set_style (mode, ps, ref, cite_class)local sep;if 'cs2' == mode then-- if this template is to be rendered in CS2 (citation) stylesep, ps, ref = set_cs2_style (ps, ref);elseif 'cs1' == mode then-- if this template is to be rendered in CS1 (cite xxx) stylesep, ps = set_cs1_style (ps);else-- anything but cs1 or cs2sep, ps, ref = get_settings_from_cite_class (ps, ref, cite_class);-- get settings based on the template's CitationClassendif 'none' == ps:lower() then-- if assigned value is 'none' thenps = '';-- set to empty stringendreturn sep, ps, refend--[=[-------------------------< I S _ P D F >------------------------------------------------------------------Determines if a url has the file extension that is one of the pdf file extensions used by [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] whenapplying the pdf icon to external links.returns true if file extension is one of the recognized extensions, else false]=]local function is_pdf (url)return url:match ('%.pdf$') or url:match ('%.PDF$') or url:match ('%.pdf[%?#]') or url:match ('%.PDF[%?#]');end--[[--------------------------< S T Y L E _ F O R M A T >------------------------------------------------------Applies css style to |format=, |chapter-format=, etc.  Also emits an error message if the format parameter doesnot have a matching url parameter.  If the format parameter is not set and the url contains a file extension thatis recognized as a pdf document by MediaWiki's commons.css, this code will set the format parameter to (PDF) withthe appropriate styling.]]local function style_format (format, url, fmt_param, url_param)if is_set (format) thenformat = wrap_style ('format', format);-- add leading space, parentheses, resizeif not is_set (url) thenformat = format .. set_error( 'format_missing_url', {fmt_param, url_param} );-- add an error messageendelseif is_pdf (url) then-- format is not set so if url is a pdf file thenformat = wrap_style ('format', 'PDF');-- set format to pdfelseformat = '';-- empty string for concatenationendreturn format;end--[[--------------------------< G E T _ D I S P L A Y _ A U T H O R S _ E D I T O R S >------------------------Returns a number that defines the number of names displayed for author and editor name lists and a boolean flagto indicate when et al. should be appended to the name list.When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is a number greater than or equal to zero, return the number andthe previous state of the 'etal' flag (false by default but may have been set to true if the name list containssome variant of the text 'et al.').When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is the keyword 'etal', return a number that is one greater than thenumber of authors in the list and set the 'etal' flag true.  This will cause the list_people() to display all ofthe names in the name list followed by 'et al.'In all other cases, returns nil and the previous state of the 'etal' flag.inputs:max: A['DisplayAuthors'] or A['DisplayEditors']; a number or some flavor of etalcount: #a or #elist_name: 'authors' or 'editors'etal: author_etal or editor_etal]]local function get_display_authors_editors (max, count, list_name, etal)if is_set (max) thenif 'etal' == max:lower():gsub("[ '%.]", '') then-- the :gsub() portion makes 'etal' from a variety of 'et al.' spellings and stylingsmax = count + 1;-- number of authors + 1 so display all author name plus et al.etal = true;-- overrides value set by extract_names()elseif max:match ('^%d+$') then-- if is a string of numbersmax = tonumber (max);-- make it a numberif max >= count then-- if |display-xxxxors= value greater than or equal to number of authors/editorsadd_maint_cat ('disp_auth_ed', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);endelse-- not a valid keyword or numbertable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invalid_param_val', {'display-' .. list_name, max}, true ) } );-- add error messagemax = nil;-- unset; as if |display-xxxxors= had not been setendendreturn max, etal;end--[[--------------------------< E X T R A _ T E X T _ I N _ P A G E _ C H E C K >------------------------------Adds page to Category:CS1 maint: extra text if |page= or |pages= has what appears to be some form of p. or pp. abbreviation in the first characters of the parameter content.check Page and Pages for extraneous p, p., pp, and pp. at start of parameter value:good pattern: '^P[^%.P%l]' matches when |page(s)= begins PX or P# but not Px where x and X are letters and # is a dgiitbad pattern: '^[Pp][Pp]' matches matches when |page(s)= begins pp or pP or Pp or PP]]local function extra_text_in_page_check (page)local good_pattern = '^P[^%.Pp]';-- ok to begin with uppercase P: P7 (pg 7 of section P) but not p123 (page 123) TODO: add Gg for PG or Pg?local bad_pattern = '^[Pp]?[Pp]%.?[ %d]';if not page:match (good_pattern) and (page:match (bad_pattern) or  page:match ('^[Pp]ages?')) thenadd_maint_cat ('extra_text');endend--[=[-------------------------< G E T _ V _ N A M E _ T A B L E >----------------------------------------------split apart a |vauthors= or |veditors= parameter.  This function allows for corporate names, wrapped in doubledparentheses to also have commas; in the old version of the code, the doubled parnetheses were included in therendered citation and in the metadata.  Individual author names may be wikilinked|vauthors=Jones AB, [[E. B. White|White EB]], ((Black, Brown, and Co.))]=]local function get_v_name_table (vparam, output_table, output_link_table)local name_table = mw.text.split(vparam, "%s*,%s*");-- names are separated by commaslocal wl_type, label, link;-- wl_type not used here; just a place holderlocal i = 1;while name_table[i] doif name_table[i]:match ('^%(%(.*[^%)][^%)]$') then-- first segment of corporate with one or more commas; this segment has the opening doubled parenslocal name = name_table[i];i=i+1;-- bump indexer to next segmentwhile name_table[i] doname = name .. ', ' .. name_table[i];-- concatenate with previous segmentsif name_table[i]:match ('^.*%)%)$') then-- if this table member has the closing doubled parensbreak;-- and done reassembling soendi=i+1;-- bump indexerendtable.insert (output_table, name);-- and add corporate name to the output tabletable.insert (output_link_table, '');-- no wikilinkelsewl_type, label, link = is_wikilink (name_table[i]);-- wl_type is: 0, no wl (text in label variable); 1, [[D]]; 2, [[L|D]]table.insert (output_table, label);-- add this nameif 1 == wl_type thentable.insert (output_link_table, label);-- simple wikilink [[D]]elsetable.insert (output_link_table, link);-- no wikilink or [[L|D]]; add this link if there is one, else empty stringendendi = i+1;endreturn output_table;end--[[--------------------------< P A R S E _ V A U T H O R S _ V E D I T O R S >--------------------------------This function extracts author / editor names from |vauthors= or |veditors= and finds matching |xxxxor-maskn= and|xxxxor-linkn= in args.  It then returns a table of assembled names just as extract_names() does.Author / editor names in |vauthors= or |veditors= must be in Vancouver system style. Corporate or institutional namesmay sometimes be required and because such names will often fail the is_good_vanc_name() and other format compliancetests, are wrapped in doubled paranethese ((corporate name)) to suppress the format tests.Supports generational suffixes Jr, 2nd, 3rd, 4th–6th.This function sets the vancouver error when a reqired comma is missing and when there is a space between an author's initials.]]local function parse_vauthors_veditors (args, vparam, list_name)local names = {};-- table of names assembled from |vauthors=, |author-maskn=, |author-linkn=local v_name_table = {};local v_link_table = {};-- when name is wikilinked, targets go in this tablelocal etal = false;-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. vauthors parameterlocal last, first, link, mask, suffix;local corporate = false;vparam, etal = name_has_etal (vparam, etal, true);-- find and remove variations on et al. do not categorize (do it here because et al. might have a period)v_name_table = get_v_name_table (vparam, v_name_table, v_link_table);-- names are separated by commasfor i, v_name in ipairs(v_name_table) doif v_name:match ('^%(%(.+%)%)$') then-- corporate authors are wrapped in doubled parentheses to supress vanc formatting and error detectionfirst = '';-- set to empty string for concatenation and because it may have been set for previous author/editorlast = v_name:match ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$')-- remove doubled parnthesescorporate = true;-- flag used in list_people()elseif string.find(v_name, "%s") thenif v_name:find('[;%.]') then-- look for commonly occurring punctuation characters; add_vanc_error ('punctuation');endlocal lastfirstTable = {}lastfirstTable = mw.text.split(v_name, "%s")first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);-- removes and returns value of last element in table which should be author intialsif is_suffix (first) then-- if a valid suffixsuffix = first-- save it as a suffix andfirst = table.remove(lastfirstTable);-- get what should be the initials from the tableend-- no suffix error message here because letter combination may be result of Romanization; check for digits?last = table.concat(lastfirstTable, " ")-- returns a string that is the concatenation of all other names that are not initialsif mw.ustring.match (last, '%a+%s+%u+%s+%a+') thenadd_vanc_error ('missing comma');-- matches last II last; the case when a comma is missingendif mw.ustring.match (v_name, ' %u %u$') then-- this test is in the wrong place TODO: move or replace with a more appropriate testadd_vanc_error ('name');-- matches a space between two intiialsendelsefirst = '';-- set to empty string for concatenation and because it may have been set for previous author/editorlast = v_name;-- last name or single corporate name?  Doesn't support multiword corporate names? do we need this?endif is_set (first) thenif not mw.ustring.match (first, "^%u?%u$") then-- first shall contain one or two upper-case letters, nothing elseadd_vanc_error ('initials');-- too many initials; mixed case initials (which may be ok Romanization); hyphenated initialsendis_good_vanc_name (last, first);-- check first and last before restoring the suffix which may have a non-Latin digitif is_set (suffix) thenfirst = first .. ' ' .. suffix;-- if there was a suffix concatenate with the initialssuffix = '';-- unset so we don't add this suffix to all subsequent namesendelseif not corporate thenis_good_vanc_name (last, '');endendlink = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'redundant_parameters', i ) or v_link_table[i];mask = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'redundant_parameters', i );names[i] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate=corporate};-- add this assembled name to our names listendreturn names, etal;-- all done, return our list of namesend--[[--------------------------< S E L E C T _ A U T H O R _ E D I T O R _ S O U R C E >------------------------Select one of |authors=, |authorn= / |lastn / firstn=, or |vauthors= as the source of the author name list orselect one of |editors=, |editorn= / editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= or |veditors= as the source of the editor name list.Only one of these appropriate three will be used.  The hierarchy is: |authorn= (and aliases) highest and |authors= lowest andsimilarly, |editorn= (and aliases) highest and |editors= lowestWhen looking for |authorn= / |editorn= parameters, test |xxxxor1= and |xxxxor2= (and all of their aliases); stops after the secondtest which mimicks the test used in extract_names() when looking for a hole in the author name list.  There may be a betterway to do this, I just haven't discovered what that way is.Emits an error message when more than one xxxxor name source is provided.In this function, vxxxxors = vauthors or veditors; xxxxors = authors or editors as appropriate.]]local function select_author_editor_source (vxxxxors, xxxxors, args, list_name)local lastfirst = false;if select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 1 ) or-- do this twice incase we have a |first1= without a |last1=; this ...select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 1 ) or-- ... also catches the case where |first= is used with |vauthors=select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 2 ) orselect_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 2 ) thenlastfirst=true;endif (is_set (vxxxxors) and true == lastfirst) or-- these are the three error conditions(is_set (vxxxxors) and is_set (xxxxors)) or(true == lastfirst and is_set (xxxxors)) thenlocal err_name;if 'AuthorList' == list_name then-- figure out which name should be used in error messageerr_name = 'author';elseerr_name = 'editor';endtable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters',{err_name .. '-name-list parameters'}, true ) } );-- add error messageendif true == lastfirst then return 1 end;-- return a number indicating which author name source to useif is_set (vxxxxors) then return 2 end;if is_set (xxxxors) then return 3 end;return 1;-- no authors so return 1; this allows missing author name test to run in case there is a first without last end--[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ P A R A M E T E R _ V A L U E >------------------------------This function is used to validate a parameter's assigned value for those parameters that have only a limited numberof allowable values (yes, y, true, no, etc).  When the parameter value has not been assigned a value (missing or emptyin the source template) the function returns true.  If the parameter value is one of the list of allowed values returnstrue; else, emits an error message and returns false.]]local function is_valid_parameter_value (value, name, possible)if not is_set (value) thenreturn true;-- an empty parameter is okelseif in_array(value:lower(), possible) thenreturn true;elsetable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invalid_param_val', {name, value}, true ) } );-- not an allowed value so add error messagereturn falseendend--[[--------------------------< T E R M I N A T E _ N A M E _ L I S T >----------------------------------------This function terminates a name list (author, contributor, editor) with a separator character (sepc) and a spacewhen the last character is not a sepc character or when the last three characters are not sepc followed by twoclosing square brackets (close of a wikilink).  When either of these is true, the name_list is terminated with asingle space character.]]local function terminate_name_list (name_list, sepc)if (string.sub (name_list,-3,-1) == sepc .. '. ') then-- if already properly terminatedreturn name_list;-- just return the name listelseif (string.sub (name_list,-1,-1) == sepc) or (string.sub (name_list,-3,-1) == sepc .. ']]') then-- if last name in list ends with sepc charreturn name_list .. " ";-- don't add anotherelsereturn name_list .. sepc .. ' ';-- otherwise terninate the name listendend--[[-------------------------< F O R M A T _ V O L U M E _ I S S U E >----------------------------------------returns the concatenation of the formatted volume and issue parameters as a single string; or formatted volumeor formatted issue, or an empty string if neither are set.]]local function format_volume_issue (volume, issue, cite_class, origin, sepc, lower)if not is_set (volume) and not is_set (issue) thenreturn '';endif 'magazine' == cite_class or (in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map'}) and 'magazine' == origin) thenif is_set (volume) and is_set (issue) thenreturn wrap_msg ('vol-no', {sepc, volume, issue}, lower);elseif is_set (volume) thenreturn wrap_msg ('vol', {sepc, volume}, lower);elsereturn wrap_msg ('issue', {sepc, issue}, lower);endendlocal vol = '';if is_set (volume) thenif (4 < mw.ustring.len(volume)) thenvol = substitute (cfg.messages['j-vol'], {sepc, volume});elsevol = substitute (cfg.presentation['vol-bold'], {sepc, hyphen_to_dash(volume)});endendif is_set (issue) thenreturn vol .. substitute (cfg.messages['j-issue'], issue);endreturn vol;end--[[-------------------------< F O R M A T _ P A G E S _ S H E E T S >-----------------------------------------adds static text to one of |page(s)= or |sheet(s)= values and returns it with all of the others set to empty strings.The return order is:page, pages, sheet, sheetsSingular has priority over plural when both are provided.]]local function format_pages_sheets (page, pages, sheet, sheets, cite_class, origin, sepc, nopp, lower)if 'map' == cite_class then-- only cite map supports sheet(s) as in-source locatorsif is_set (sheet) thenif 'journal' == origin thenreturn '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheet', sheet, lower), '';elsereturn '', '', wrap_msg ('sheet', {sepc, sheet}, lower), '';endelseif is_set (sheets) thenif 'journal' == origin thenreturn '', '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheets', sheets, lower);elsereturn '', '', '', wrap_msg ('sheets', {sepc, sheets}, lower);endendendlocal is_journal = 'journal' == cite_class or (in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map'}) and 'journal' == origin);if is_set (page) thenif is_journal thenreturn substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], page), '', '', '';elseif not nopp thenreturn substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';elsereturn substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';endelseif is_set(pages) thenif is_journal thenreturn substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], pages), '', '', '';elseif tonumber(pages) ~= nil and not nopp then-- if pages is only digits, assume a single page numberreturn '', substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';elseif not nopp thenreturn '', substitute (cfg.messages['pp-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';elsereturn '', substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';endendreturn '', '', '', '';-- return empty stringsend--[=[-------------------------< A R C H I V E _ U R L _ C H E C K >--------------------------------------------Check archive.org urls to make sure they at least look like they are pointing at valid archives and not to the save snapshot url or to calendar pages.  When the archive url is 'https://web.archive.org/save/' (or http://...)archive.org saves a snapshot of the target page in the url.  That is something that Wikipedia should not allowunwitting readers to do.When the archive.org url does not have a complete timestamp, archive.org chooses a snapshot according to its ownalgorithm or provides a calendar 'search' result.  [[WP:ELNO]] discourages links to search results.This function looks at the value assigned to |archive-url= and returns empty strings for |archive-url= and|archive-date= and an error message when:|archive-url= holds an archive.org save command url|archive-url= is an archive.org url that does not have a complete timestamp (YYYYMMDDhhmmss 14 digits) in thecorrect placeotherwise returns |archive-url= and |archive-date=There are two mostly compatible archive.org urls://web.archive.org/<timestamp>...-- the old form//web.archive.org/web/<timestamp>...-- the new formThe old form does not support or map to the new form when it contains a display flag.  There are four identified flags('id_', 'js_', 'cs_', 'im_') but since archive.org ignores others following the same form (two letters and an underscore)we don't check for these specific flags but we do check the form.This function supports a preview mode.  When the article is rendered in preview mode, this funct may return a modifiedarchive url:for save command errors, return undated wildcard (/*/)for timestamp errors when the timestamp has a wildcard, return the url unmodifiedfor timestamp errors when the timestamp does not have a wildcard, return with timestamp limited to six digits plus wildcard (/yyyymm*/)]=]local function archive_url_check (url, date)local err_msg = '';-- start with the error message emptylocal path, timestamp, flag;-- portions of the archive.or urlif (not url:match('//web%.archive%.org/')) and (not url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/')) then-- also deprecated liveweb Wayback machine urlreturn url, date;-- not an archive.org archive, return ArchiveURL and ArchiveDateendif url:match('//web%.archive%.org/save/') then-- if a save command url, we don't want to allow saving of the target page err_msg = 'save command';url = url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org)/save/', '%1/*/', 1);-- for preview mode: modify ArchiveURLelseif url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/') thenerr_msg = 'liveweb';elsepath, timestamp, flag = url:match('//web%.archive%.org/([^%d]*)(%d+)([^/]*)/');-- split out some of the url parts for evaluationif not is_set(timestamp) or 14 ~= timestamp:len() then-- path and flag optional, must have 14-digit timestamp hereerr_msg = 'timestamp';if '*' ~= flag thenurl=url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org/[^%d]*%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?)[^/]*', '%1*', 1)-- for preview, modify ts to be yearmo* max (0-6 digits plus splat)endelseif is_set(path) and 'web/' ~= path then-- older archive urls do not have the extra 'web/' path elementerr_msg = 'path';elseif is_set (flag) and not is_set (path) then-- flag not allowed with the old form url (without the 'web/' path element)err_msg = 'flag';elseif is_set (flag) and not flag:match ('%a%a_') then-- flag if present must be two alpha characters and underscore (requires 'web/' path element)err_msg = 'flag';elsereturn url, date;-- return archiveURL and ArchiveDateendend-- if here, something not right sotable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'archive_url', {err_msg}, true ) } );-- add error message andif is_set (Frame:preprocess('{{REVISIONID}}')) thenreturn '', '';-- return empty strings for archiveURL and ArchiveDateelsereturn url, date;-- preview mode so return archiveURL and ArchiveDateendend--[[--------------------------< M I S S I N G _ P I P E _ C H E C K >------------------------------------------Look at the contents of a parameter. If the content has a string of characters and digits followed by an equalsign, compare the alphanumeric string to the list of cs1|2 parameters.  If found, then the string is possibly aparameter that is missing its pipe:{{cite ... |title=Title access-date=2016-03-17}}cs1|2 shares some parameter names with xml/html atributes: class=, title=, etc.  To prevent false positives xml/htmltags are removed before the search.If a missing pipe is detected, this function adds the missing pipe maintenance category.]]local function missing_pipe_check (value)local capture;value = value:gsub ('%b<>', '');-- remove xml/html tags because attributes: class=, title=, etc capture = value:match ('%s+(%a[%a%d]+)%s*=') or value:match ('^(%a[%a%d]+)%s*=');-- find and categorize parameters with possible missing pipesif capture and validate (capture) then-- if the capture is a valid parameter nameadd_maint_cat ('missing_pipe');endend--[[--------------------------< C I T A T I O N 0 >------------------------------------------------------------This is the main function doing the majority of the citation formatting.]]local function citation0( config, args)--[[ Load Input ParametersThe argument_wrapper facilitates the mapping of multiple aliases to single internal variable.]]local A = argument_wrapper( args );local i -- Pick out the relevant fields from the arguments.  Different citation templates-- define different field names for the same underlying things.-- set default parameter values defined by |mode= parameter.local Mode = A['Mode'];if not is_valid_parameter_value (Mode, 'mode', cfg.keywords['mode']) thenMode = '';endlocal author_etal;local a= {};-- authors list from |lastn= / |firstn= pairs or |vauthors=local Authors;local NameListFormat = A['NameListFormat'];local Collaboration = A['Collaboration'];do-- to limit scope of selectedlocal selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Vauthors'], A['Authors'], args, 'AuthorList');if 1 == selected thena, author_etal = extract_names (args, 'AuthorList');-- fetch author list from |authorn= / |lastn= / |firstn=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=elseif 2 == selected thenNameListFormat = 'vanc';-- override whatever |name-list-format= might bea, author_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.vauthors, 'AuthorList');-- fetch author list from |vauthors=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=elseif 3 == selected thenAuthors = A['Authors'];-- use content of |authors=if 'authors' == A:ORIGIN('Authors') then-- but add a maint cat if the parameter is |authors=add_maint_cat ('authors');-- because use of this parameter is discouraged; what to do about the aliases is a TODO:endendif is_set (Collaboration) thenauthor_etal = true;-- so that |display-authors=etal not requiredendendlocal Others = A['Others'];local editor_etal;local e= {};-- editors list from |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= pairs or |veditors=local Editors;do-- to limit scope of selectedlocal selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Veditors'], A['Editors'], args, 'EditorList');if 1 == selected thene, editor_etal = extract_names (args, 'EditorList');-- fetch editor list from |editorn= / |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=elseif 2 == selected thenNameListFormat = 'vanc';-- override whatever |name-list-format= might bee, editor_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.veditors, 'EditorList');-- fetch editor list from |veditors=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=elseif 3 == selected thenEditors = A['Editors'];-- use content of |editors=add_maint_cat ('editors');-- but add a maint cat because use of this parameter is discouragedendendlocal t = {};-- translators list from |translator-lastn= / translator-firstn= pairslocal Translators;-- assembled translators name listt = extract_names (args, 'TranslatorList');-- fetch translator list from |translatorn= / |translator-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=local interviewers_list = {};local Interviewers = A['Interviewers']if is_set (Interviewers) then-- add a maint cat if the |interviewers= is usedadd_maint_cat ('interviewers');-- because use of this parameter is discouragedelseinterviewers_list = extract_names (args, 'InterviewerList');-- else, process preferred interviewers parametersendlocal c = {};-- contributors list from |contributor-lastn= / contributor-firstn= pairslocal Contributors;-- assembled contributors name listlocal Contribution = A['Contribution'];if in_array(config.CitationClass, {"book","citation"}) and not is_set(A['Periodical']) then-- |contributor= and |contribution= only supported in book citesc = extract_names (args, 'ContributorList');-- fetch contributor list from |contributorn= / |contributor-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=if 0 < #c thenif not is_set (Contribution) then-- |contributor= requires |contribution=table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'contributor_missing_required_param', 'contribution')});-- add missing contribution error messagec = {};-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag laterendif 0 == #a then-- |contributor= requires |author=table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'contributor_missing_required_param', 'author')});-- add missing author error messagec = {};-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag laterendendelse-- if not a book citeif select_one (args, cfg.aliases['ContributorList-Last'], 'redundant_parameters', 1 ) then-- are there contributor name list parameters?table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'contributor_ignored')});-- add contributor ignored error messageendContribution = nil;-- unsetendif not is_valid_parameter_value (NameListFormat, 'name-list-format', cfg.keywords['name-list-format']) then-- only accepted value for this parameter is 'vanc'NameListFormat = '';-- anything else, set to empty stringendlocal Year = A['Year'];local PublicationDate = A['PublicationDate'];local OrigYear = A['OrigYear'];local Date = A['Date'];local LayDate = A['LayDate'];------------------------------------------------- Get title datalocal Title = A['Title'];local ScriptTitle = A['ScriptTitle'];local BookTitle = A['BookTitle'];local Conference = A['Conference'];local TransTitle = A['TransTitle'];local TitleNote = A['TitleNote'];local TitleLink = A['TitleLink'];link_title_ok (TitleLink, A:ORIGIN ('TitleLink'), Title, 'title');-- check for wikimarkup in |title-link= or wikimarkup in |title= when |title-link= is setlocal Chapter = A['Chapter'];local ScriptChapter = A['ScriptChapter'];local ChapterLink-- = A['ChapterLink'];-- deprecated as a parameter but still used internally by cite episodelocal TransChapter = A['TransChapter'];local TitleType = A['TitleType'];local Degree = A['Degree'];local Docket = A['Docket'];local ArchiveFormat = A['ArchiveFormat'];local ArchiveDate;local ArchiveURL;ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate = archive_url_check (A['ArchiveURL'], A['ArchiveDate'])local DeadURL = A['DeadURL']if not is_valid_parameter_value (DeadURL, 'dead-url', cfg.keywords ['deadurl']) then-- set in config.defaults to 'yes'DeadURL = '';-- anything else, set to empty stringendlocal URL = A['URL']local URLorigin = A:ORIGIN('URL');-- get name of parameter that holds URLlocal ChapterURL = A['ChapterURL'];local ChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ChapterURL');-- get name of parameter that holds ChapterURLlocal ConferenceFormat = A['ConferenceFormat'];local ConferenceURL = A['ConferenceURL'];local ConferenceURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ConferenceURL');-- get name of parameter that holds ConferenceURLlocal Periodical = A['Periodical'];local Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('Periodical');-- get the name of the periodical parameterlocal Series = A['Series'];local Volume;local Issue;local Page;local Pages;local At;if in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_volume) thenVolume = A['Volume'];end-- conference & map books do not support issueif in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_issue) and not (in_array (config.CitationClass, {'conference', 'map'}) and not is_set (Periodical))thenIssue = A['Issue'];endlocal Position = '';if not in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_not_using_page) thenPage = A['Page'];Pages = hyphen_to_dash( A['Pages'] );At = A['At'];endlocal Edition = A['Edition'];local PublicationPlace = A['PublicationPlace']local Place = A['Place'];local PublisherName = A['PublisherName'];local RegistrationRequired = A['RegistrationRequired'];if not is_valid_parameter_value (RegistrationRequired, 'registration', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) thenRegistrationRequired=nil;endlocal SubscriptionRequired = A['SubscriptionRequired'];if not is_valid_parameter_value (SubscriptionRequired, 'subscription', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) thenSubscriptionRequired=nil;endlocal UrlAccess = A['UrlAccess'];if not is_valid_parameter_value (UrlAccess, 'url-access', cfg.keywords ['url-access']) thenUrlAccess = nil;endif not is_set(URL) and is_set(UrlAccess) thenUrlAccess = nil;table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'param_access_requires_param', {'url'}, true ) } );endif is_set (UrlAccess) and is_set (SubscriptionRequired) then-- while not aliases, these are much the same so if both are settable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'url-access') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'subscription')}, true ) } );-- add error messageSubscriptionRequired = nil;-- unset; prefer |access= over |subscription=endif is_set (UrlAccess) and is_set (RegistrationRequired) then-- these are not the same but contradictory so if both are settable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'url-access') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'registration')}, true ) } );-- add error messageRegistrationRequired = nil;-- unset; prefer |access= over |registration=endlocal ChapterUrlAccess = A['ChapterUrlAccess'];if not is_valid_parameter_value (ChapterUrlAccess, 'chapter-url-access', cfg.keywords ['url-access']) then-- same as url-accessChapterUrlAccess = nil;endif not is_set(ChapterURL) and is_set(ChapterUrlAccess) thenChapterUrlAccess = nil;table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'param_access_requires_param', {'chapter-url'}, true ) } );endlocal Via = A['Via'];local AccessDate = A['AccessDate'];local Agency = A['Agency'];local Language = A['Language'];local Format = A['Format'];local ChapterFormat = A['ChapterFormat'];local DoiBroken = A['DoiBroken'];local ID = A['ID'];local ASINTLD = A['ASINTLD'];local IgnoreISBN = A['IgnoreISBN'];if not is_valid_parameter_value (IgnoreISBN, 'ignore-isbn-error', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) thenIgnoreISBN = nil;-- anything else, set to empty stringendlocal Embargo = A['Embargo'];local Class = A['Class'];-- arxiv class identifierlocal ID_list = extract_ids( args );local ID_access_levels = extract_id_access_levels( args, ID_list );local Quote = A['Quote'];local LayFormat = A['LayFormat'];local LayURL = A['LayURL'];local LaySource = A['LaySource'];local Transcript = A['Transcript'];local TranscriptFormat = A['TranscriptFormat'];local TranscriptURL = A['TranscriptURL'] local TranscriptURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('TranscriptURL');-- get name of parameter that holds TranscriptURLlocal LastAuthorAmp = A['LastAuthorAmp'];if not is_valid_parameter_value (LastAuthorAmp, 'last-author-amp', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) thenLastAuthorAmp = nil;-- set to empty stringendlocal no_tracking_cats = A['NoTracking'];if not is_valid_parameter_value (no_tracking_cats, 'no-tracking', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) thenno_tracking_cats = nil;-- set to empty stringend--local variables that are not cs1 parameterslocal use_lowercase;-- controls capitalization of certain static textlocal this_page = mw.title.getCurrentTitle();-- also used for COinS and for languagelocal anchor_year;-- used in the CITEREF identifierlocal COinS_date = {};-- holds date info extracted from |date= for the COinS metadata by Module:Date verificationlocal DF = A['DF'];-- date format set in cs1|2 templateif not is_valid_parameter_value (DF, 'df', cfg.keywords['date-format']) then-- validate reformatting keywordDF = '';-- not valid, set to empty stringendlocal sepc;-- separator between citation elements for CS1 a period, for CS2, a commalocal PostScript;local Ref;sepc, PostScript, Ref = set_style (Mode:lower(), A['PostScript'], A['Ref'], config.CitationClass);use_lowercase = ( sepc == ',' );-- used to control capitalization for certain static text--check this page to see if it is in one of the namespaces that cs1 is not supposed to add to the error categoriesif not is_set (no_tracking_cats) then-- ignore if we are already not going to categorize this pageif in_array (this_page.nsText, cfg.uncategorized_namespaces) thenno_tracking_cats = "true";-- set no_tracking_catsendfor _,v in ipairs (cfg.uncategorized_subpages) do-- cycle through page name patternsif this_page.text:match (v) then-- test page name against each patternno_tracking_cats = "true";-- set no_tracking_catsbreak;-- bail out if one is foundendendend-- check for extra |page=, |pages= or |at= parameters. (also sheet and sheets while we're at it)select_one( args, {'page', 'p', 'pp', 'pages', 'at', 'sheet', 'sheets'}, 'redundant_parameters' );-- this is a dummy call simply to get the error message and categorylocal NoPP = A['NoPP'] if is_set (NoPP) and is_valid_parameter_value (NoPP, 'nopp', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) thenNoPP = true;elseNoPP = nil;-- unset, used as a flag laterendif is_set(Page) thenif is_set(Pages) or is_set(At) thenPages = '';-- unset the othersAt = '';endextra_text_in_page_check (Page);-- add this page to maint cat if |page= value begins with what looks like p. or pp.elseif is_set(Pages) thenif is_set(At) thenAt = '';-- unsetendextra_text_in_page_check (Pages);-- add this page to maint cat if |pages= value begins with what looks like p. or pp.end-- both |publication-place= and |place= (|location=) allowed if differentif not is_set(PublicationPlace) and is_set(Place) thenPublicationPlace = Place;-- promote |place= (|location=) to |publication-placeendif PublicationPlace == Place then Place = ''; end-- don't need both if they are the same--[[Parameter remapping for cite encyclopedia:When the citation has these parameters:|encyclopedia and |title then map |title to |article and |encyclopedia to |title|encyclopedia and |article then map |encyclopedia to |title|encyclopedia then map |encyclopedia to |title|trans-title maps to |trans-chapter when |title is re-mapped|url maps to |chapterurl when |title is remappedAll other combinations of |encyclopedia, |title, and |article are not modified]]local Encyclopedia = A['Encyclopedia'];if ( config.CitationClass == "encyclopaedia" ) or ( config.CitationClass == "citation" and is_set (Encyclopedia)) then-- test code for citationif is_set(Periodical) then-- Periodical is set when |encyclopedia is setif is_set(Title) or is_set (ScriptTitle) thenif not is_set(Chapter) thenChapter = Title;-- |encyclopedia and |title are set so map |title to |article and |encyclopedia to |titleScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;TransChapter = TransTitle;ChapterURL = URL;ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;if not is_set (ChapterURL) and is_set (TitleLink) thenChapter = make_wikilink (TitleLink, Chapter);endTitle = Periodical;ChapterFormat = Format;Periodical = '';-- redundant so unsetTransTitle = '';URL = '';Format = '';TitleLink = '';ScriptTitle = '';endelse-- |title not setTitle = Periodical;-- |encyclopedia set and |article set or not set so map |encyclopedia to |titlePeriodical = '';-- redundant so unsetendendend-- Special case for cite techreport.if (config.CitationClass == "techreport") then-- special case for cite techreportif is_set(A['Number']) then-- cite techreport uses 'number', which other citations alias to 'issue'if not is_set(ID) then-- can we use ID for the "number"?ID = A['Number'];-- yes, use itelse-- ID has a value so emit error messagetable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error('redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'id') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'number')}, true )});endendend-- special case for cite mailing listif (config.CitationClass == "mailinglist") thenPeriodical = A ['MailingList'];elseif 'mailinglist' == A:ORIGIN('Periodical') thenPeriodical = '';-- unset because mailing list is only used for cite mailing listend-- Account for the oddity that is {{cite conference}}, before generation of COinS data.if 'conference' == config.CitationClass thenif is_set(BookTitle) thenChapter = Title;--ChapterLink = TitleLink;-- |chapterlink= is deprecatedChapterURL = URL;ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;ChapterURLorigin = URLorigin;URLorigin = '';ChapterFormat = Format;TransChapter = TransTitle;Title = BookTitle;Format = '';--TitleLink = '';TransTitle = '';URL = '';endelseif 'speech' ~= config.CitationClass thenConference = '';-- not cite conference or cite speech so make sure this is empty stringend-- cite map odditieslocal Cartography = "";local Scale = "";local Sheet = A['Sheet'] or '';local Sheets = A['Sheets'] or '';if config.CitationClass == "map" thenChapter = A['Map'];ChapterURL = A['MapURL'];ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;TransChapter = A['TransMap'];ChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('MapURL');ChapterFormat = A['MapFormat'];Cartography = A['Cartography'];if is_set( Cartography ) thenCartography = sepc .. " " .. wrap_msg ('cartography', Cartography, use_lowercase);endScale = A['Scale'];if is_set( Scale ) thenScale = sepc .. " " .. Scale;endend-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite episode}} and {{cite serial}}, before generation of COinS data.if 'episode' == config.CitationClass or 'serial' == config.CitationClass thenlocal AirDate = A['AirDate'];local SeriesLink = A['SeriesLink'];link_title_ok (SeriesLink, A:ORIGIN ('SeriesLink'), Series, 'series');-- check for wikimarkup in |series-link= or wikimarkup in |series= when |series-link= is setlocal Network = A['Network'];local Station = A['Station'];local s, n = {}, {};-- do common parameters firstif is_set(Network) then table.insert(n, Network); endif is_set(Station) then table.insert(n, Station); endID = table.concat(n, sepc .. ' ');if not is_set (Date) and is_set (AirDate) then-- promote airdate to dateDate = AirDate;endif 'episode' == config.CitationClass then-- handle the oddities that are strictly {{cite episode}}local Season = A['Season'];local SeriesNumber = A['SeriesNumber'];if is_set (Season) and is_set (SeriesNumber) then-- these are mutually exclusive so if both are settable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'season') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'seriesno')}, true ) } );-- add error messageSeriesNumber = '';-- unset; prefer |season= over |seriesno=end-- assemble a table of parts concatenated later into Seriesif is_set(Season) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('season', Season, use_lowercase)); endif is_set(SeriesNumber) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('series', SeriesNumber, use_lowercase)); endif is_set(Issue) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('episode', Issue, use_lowercase)); endIssue = '';-- unset because this is not a unique parameterChapter = Title;-- promote title parameters to chapterScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;ChapterLink = TitleLink;-- alias episodelinkTransChapter = TransTitle;ChapterURL = URL;ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;ChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('URL');Title = Series;-- promote series to titleTitleLink = SeriesLink;Series = table.concat(s, sepc .. ' ');-- this is concatenation of season, seriesno, episode numberif is_set (ChapterLink) and not is_set (ChapterURL) then-- link but not URLChapter = make_wikilink (ChapterLink, Chapter);elseif is_set (ChapterLink) and is_set (ChapterURL) then-- if both are set, URL links episode;Series = make_wikilink (ChapterLink, Series);endURL = '';-- unsetTransTitle = '';ScriptTitle = '';else-- now oddities that are cite serialIssue = '';-- unset because this parameter no longer supported by the citation/core version of cite serialChapter = A['Episode'];-- TODO: make |episode= available to cite episode someday?if is_set (Series) and is_set (SeriesLink) thenSeries = make_wikilink (SeriesLink, Series);endSeries = wrap_style ('italic-title', Series);-- series is italicizedendend-- end of {{cite episode}} stuff-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, {{cite biorxiv}}, {{cite citeseerx}}, before generation of COinS data.doif in_array (config.CitationClass, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) thenif not is_set (ID_list[config.CitationClass:upper()]) then-- |arxiv= or |eprint= required for cite arxiv; |biorxiv= & |citeseerx= required for their templatestable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( config.CitationClass .. '_missing', {}, true ) } );-- add error messageendif 'arxiv' == config.CitationClass thenPeriodical = 'arXiv';-- set to arXiv for COinS; after that, must be set to empty stringendif 'biorxiv' == config.CitationClass thenPeriodical = 'bioRxiv';-- set to bioRxiv for COinS; after that, must be set to empty stringendif 'citeseerx' == config.CitationClass thenPeriodical = 'CiteSeerX';-- set to CiteSeerX for COinS; after that, must be set to empty stringendendend-- handle type parameter for those CS1 citations that have default valuesif in_array(config.CitationClass, {"AV-media-notes", "interview", "mailinglist", "map", "podcast", "pressrelease", "report", "techreport", "thesis"}) thenTitleType = set_titletype (config.CitationClass, TitleType);if is_set(Degree) and "Thesis" == TitleType then-- special case for cite thesisTitleType = Degree .. ' ' .. cfg.title_types ['thesis']:lower();endendif is_set(TitleType) then-- if type parameter is specifiedTitleType = substitute( cfg.messages['type'], TitleType);-- display it in parentheses-- TODO: Hack on TitleType to fix bunched parentheses problemend-- legacy: promote PublicationDate to Date if neither Date nor Year are set.if not is_set (Date) thenDate = Year;-- promote Year to DateYear = nil;-- make nil so Year as empty string isn't used for CITEREFif not is_set (Date) and is_set(PublicationDate) then-- use PublicationDate when |date= and |year= are not setDate = PublicationDate;-- promote PublicationDate to DatePublicationDate = '';-- unset, no longer neededendendif PublicationDate == Date then PublicationDate = ''; end-- if PublicationDate is same as Date, don't display in rendered citation--[[Go test all of the date-holding parameters for valid MOS:DATE format and make sure that dates are real dates. This must be done before we do COinS because here is wherewe get the date used in the metadata.Date validation supporting code is in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation]]do-- create defined block to contain local variables error_message, date_parameters_list, mismatchlocal error_message = '';-- AirDate has been promoted to Date so not necessary to check itlocal date_parameters_list = {['access-date']=AccessDate, ['archive-date']=ArchiveDate, ['date']=Date, ['doi-broken-date']=DoiBroken,['embargo']=Embargo, ['lay-date']=LayDate, ['publication-date']=PublicationDate, ['year']=Year};anchor_year, Embargo, error_message = dates(date_parameters_list, COinS_date);-- start temporary Julian / Gregorian calendar uncertainty categorizationif COinS_date.inter_cal_cat thenadd_prop_cat ('jul_greg_uncertainty');end-- end temporary Julian / Gregorian calendar uncertainty categorizationif is_set (Year) and is_set (Date) then-- both |date= and |year= not normally needed; local mismatch = year_date_check (Year, Date)if 0 == mismatch then-- |year= does not match a year-value in |date=if is_set (error_message) then-- if there is already an error messageerror_message = error_message .. ', ';-- tack on this additional messageenderror_message = error_message .. '&#124;year= / &#124;date= mismatch';elseif 1 == mismatch then-- |year= matches year-value in |date=add_maint_cat ('date_year');endendif not is_set(error_message) then-- error free dates onlylocal modified = false;-- flagif is_set (DF) then-- if we need to reformat datesmodified = reformat_dates (date_parameters_list, DF, false);-- reformat to DF format, use long month names if appropriateendif true == date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list) then-- convert hyphens to dashes where appropriatemodified = true;add_maint_cat ('date_format');-- hyphens were converted so add maint categoryend-- for those wikis that can and want to have English date names translated to the local language,-- uncomment these three lines.  Not supported by en.wiki (for obvious reasons)--if date_name_xlate (date_parameters_list) then--modified = true;--endif modified then-- if the date_parameters_list values were modifiedAccessDate = date_parameters_list['access-date'];-- overwrite date holding parameters with modified valuesArchiveDate = date_parameters_list['archive-date'];Date = date_parameters_list['date'];DoiBroken = date_parameters_list['doi-broken-date'];LayDate = date_parameters_list['lay-date'];PublicationDate = date_parameters_list['publication-date'];endelsetable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'bad_date', {error_message}, true ) } );-- add this error messageendend-- end of do-- Account for the oddity that is {{cite journal}} with |pmc= set and |url= not set.  Do this after date check but before COInS.-- Here we unset Embargo if PMC not embargoed (|embargo= not set in the citation) or if the embargo time has expired. Otherwise, holds embargo dateEmbargo = is_embargoed (Embargo);if config.CitationClass == "journal" and not is_set(URL) and is_set(ID_list['PMC']) thenif not is_set (Embargo) then-- if not embargoed or embargo has expiredURL=cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].prefix .. ID_list['PMC'];-- set url to be the same as the PMC external link if not embargoedURLorigin = cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].parameters[1];-- set URLorigin to parameter name for use in error message if citation is missing a |title=if is_set(AccessDate) then-- access date requires |url=; pmc created url is not |url=table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'accessdate_missing_url', {}, true ) } );AccessDate = '';-- unsetendendend-- At this point fields may be nil if they weren't specified in the template use.  We can use that fact.-- Test if citation has no titleifnot is_set(Title) andnot is_set(TransTitle) andnot is_set(ScriptTitle) thenif 'episode' == config.CitationClass then-- special case for cite episode; TODO: is there a better way to do this?table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'citation_missing_title', {'series'}, true ) } );elsetable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'citation_missing_title', {'title'}, true ) } );endendif 'none' == Title and in_array (config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'citation'}) and is_set (Periodical) and 'journal' == A:ORIGIN('Periodical') then-- special case for journal citesTitle = '';-- set title to empty stringadd_maint_cat ('untitled');endcheck_for_url ({-- add error message when any of these parameters contains a URL['title']=Title,[A:ORIGIN('Chapter')]=Chapter,[A:ORIGIN('Periodical')]=Periodical,[A:ORIGIN('PublisherName')] = PublisherName});-- COinS metadata (see <http://ocoins.info/>) for automated parsing of citation information.-- handle the oddity that is cite encyclopedia and {{citation |encyclopedia=something}}. Here we presume that-- when Periodical, Title, and Chapter are all set, then Periodical is the book (encyclopedia) title, Title-- is the article title, and Chapter is a section within the article.  So, we remap local coins_chapter = Chapter;-- default assuming that remapping not requiredlocal coins_title = Title;-- et tuif 'encyclopaedia' == config.CitationClass or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Encyclopedia)) thenif is_set (Chapter) and is_set (Title) and is_set (Periodical) then-- if all are used thencoins_chapter = Title;-- remapcoins_title = Periodical;endendlocal coins_author = a;-- default for coins rft.au if 0 < #c then-- but if contributor listcoins_author = c;-- use that insteadend-- this is the function call to COinS()local OCinSoutput = COinS({['Periodical'] = Periodical,['Encyclopedia'] = Encyclopedia,['Chapter'] = make_coins_title (coins_chapter, ScriptChapter),-- Chapter and ScriptChapter stripped of bold / italic wikimarkup['Degree'] = Degree;-- cite thesis only['Title'] = make_coins_title (coins_title, ScriptTitle),-- Title and ScriptTitle stripped of bold / italic wikimarkup['PublicationPlace'] = PublicationPlace,['Date'] = COinS_date.rftdate,-- COinS_date has correctly formatted date if Date is valid;['Season'] = COinS_date.rftssn,['Chron'] =  COinS_date.rftchron or (not COinS_date.rftdate and Date) or '',-- chron but if not set and invalid date format use Date; keep this last bit?['Series'] = Series,['Volume'] = Volume,['Issue'] = Issue,['Pages'] = get_coins_pages (first_set ({Sheet, Sheets, Page, Pages, At}, 5)),-- pages stripped of external links['Edition'] = Edition,['PublisherName'] = PublisherName,['URL'] = first_set ({ChapterURL, URL}, 2),['Authors'] = coins_author,['ID_list'] = ID_list,['RawPage'] = this_page.prefixedText,}, config.CitationClass);-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, {{cite biorxiv}}, and {{cite citeseerx}} AFTER generation of COinS data.if in_array (config.CitationClass, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) then-- we have set rft.jtitle in COinS to arXiv, bioRxiv, or CiteSeerX now unset so it isn't displayedPeriodical = '';-- periodical not allowed in these templates; if article has been published, use cite journalend-- special case for cite newsgroup.  Do this after COinS because we are modifying Publishername to include some static textif 'newsgroup' == config.CitationClass thenif is_set (PublisherName) thenPublisherName = substitute (cfg.messages['newsgroup'], external_link( 'news:' .. PublisherName, PublisherName, A:ORIGIN('PublisherName'), nil ));endend-- Now perform various field substitutions.-- We also add leading spaces and surrounding markup and punctuation to the-- various parts of the citation, but only when they are non-nil.local EditorCount;-- used only for choosing {ed.) or (eds.) annotation at end of editor name-listdolocal last_first_list;local control = { format = NameListFormat,-- empty string or 'vanc'maximum = nil,-- as if display-authors or display-editors not setlastauthoramp = LastAuthorAmp,page_name = this_page.text,-- get current page name so that we don't wikilink to it via editorlinknmode = Mode};do-- do editor name list first because the now unsupported coauthors used to modify control tablecontrol.maximum , editor_etal = get_display_authors_editors (A['DisplayEditors'], #e, 'editors', editor_etal);last_first_list, EditorCount = list_people(control, e, editor_etal);if is_set (Editors) thenif editor_etal thenEditors = Editors .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];-- add et al. to editors parameter beause |display-editors=etalEditorCount = 2;-- with et al., |editors= is multiple names; spoof to display (eds.) annotationelseEditorCount = 2;-- we don't know but assume |editors= is multiple names; spoof to display (eds.) annotationendelseEditors = last_first_list;-- either an author name list or an empty stringendif 1 == EditorCount and (true == editor_etal or 1 < #e) then-- only one editor displayed but includes etal then EditorCount = 2;-- spoof to display (eds.) annotationendenddo-- now do interviewerscontrol.maximum = #interviewers_list;-- number of interviewerssInterviewers = list_people(control, interviewers_list, false);-- et al not currently supportedenddo-- now do translatorscontrol.maximum = #t;-- number of translatorsTranslators = list_people(control, t, false);-- et al not currently supportedenddo-- now do contributorscontrol.maximum = #c;-- number of contributorsContributors = list_people(control, c, false);-- et al not currently supportedenddo-- now do authorscontrol.maximum , author_etal = get_display_authors_editors (A['DisplayAuthors'], #a, 'authors', author_etal);last_first_list = list_people(control, a, author_etal);if is_set (Authors) thenAuthors, author_etal = name_has_etal (Authors, author_etal, false);-- find and remove variations on et al.if author_etal thenAuthors = Authors .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];-- add et al. to authors parameterendelseAuthors = last_first_list;-- either an author name list or an empty stringendend-- end of doif is_set (Authors) and is_set (Collaboration) thenAuthors = Authors .. ' (' .. Collaboration .. ')';-- add collaboration after et al.endend-- apply |[xx-]format= styling; at the end, these parameters hold correctly styled format annotation,-- an error message if the associated url is not set, or an empty string for concatenationArchiveFormat = style_format (ArchiveFormat, ArchiveURL, 'archive-format', 'archive-url');ConferenceFormat = style_format (ConferenceFormat, ConferenceURL, 'conference-format', 'conference-url');Format = style_format (Format, URL, 'format', 'url');LayFormat = style_format (LayFormat, LayURL, 'lay-format', 'lay-url');TranscriptFormat = style_format (TranscriptFormat, TranscriptURL, 'transcript-format', 'transcripturl');-- special case for chapter format so no error message or cat when chapter not supportedif not (in_array(config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) or('citation' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Periodical) and not is_set (Encyclopedia))) thenChapterFormat = style_format (ChapterFormat, ChapterURL, 'chapter-format', 'chapter-url');endif not is_set(URL) thenif in_array(config.CitationClass, {"web","podcast", "mailinglist"}) then-- |url= required for cite web, cite podcast, and cite mailinglisttable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'cite_web_url', {}, true ) } );end-- do we have |accessdate= without either |url= or |chapter-url=?if is_set(AccessDate) and not is_set(ChapterURL)then-- ChapterURL may be set when URL is not set;table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'accessdate_missing_url', {}, true ) } );AccessDate = '';endendlocal OriginalURL, OriginalURLorigin, OriginalFormat, OriginalAccess;DeadURL = DeadURL:lower();-- used later when assembling archived textif is_set( ArchiveURL ) thenif is_set (ChapterURL) then -- URL not set so if chapter-url is set apply archive url to itOriginalURL = ChapterURL;-- save copy of source chapter's url for archive textOriginalURLorigin = ChapterURLorigin;-- name of chapter-url parameter for error messagesOriginalFormat = ChapterFormat;-- and original |format=if 'no' ~= DeadURL thenChapterURL = ArchiveURL-- swap-in the archive's urlChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')-- name of archive-url parameter for error messagesChapterFormat = ArchiveFormat or '';-- swap in archive's formatendelseif is_set (URL) thenOriginalURL = URL;-- save copy of original source URLOriginalURLorigin = URLorigin;-- name of url parameter for error messagesOriginalFormat = Format; -- and original |format=OriginalAccess = UrlAccess;if 'no' ~= DeadURL then-- if URL set then archive-url applies to itURL = ArchiveURL-- swap-in the archive's urlURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')-- name of archive url parameter for error messagesFormat = ArchiveFormat or '';-- swap in archive's formatUrlAccess = nil;-- restricted access levels do not make sense for archived urlsend endendif in_array(config.CitationClass, {'web','news','journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) or-- if any of the 'periodical' cites except encyclopedia('citation' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Periodical) and not is_set (Encyclopedia)) thenlocal chap_param;if is_set (Chapter) then-- get a parameter name from one of these chapter related meta-parameterschap_param = A:ORIGIN ('Chapter')elseif is_set (TransChapter) thenchap_param = A:ORIGIN ('TransChapter')elseif is_set (ChapterURL) thenchap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterURL')elseif is_set (ScriptChapter) thenchap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ScriptChapter')else is_set (ChapterFormat)chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterFormat')endif is_set (chap_param) then-- if we found onetable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'chapter_ignored', {chap_param}, true ) } );-- add error messageChapter = '';-- and set them to empty string to be safe with concatenationTransChapter = '';ChapterURL = '';ScriptChapter = '';ChapterFormat = '';endelse-- otherwise, format chapter / article titlelocal no_quotes = false;-- default assume that we will be quoting the chapter parameter valueif is_set (Contribution) and 0 < #c then-- if this is a contribution with contributor(s)if in_array (Contribution:lower(), cfg.keywords.contribution) then-- and a generic contribution titleno_quotes = true;-- then render it unquotedendendChapter = format_chapter_title (ScriptChapter, Chapter, TransChapter, ChapterURL, ChapterURLorigin, no_quotes, ChapterUrlAccess);-- Contribution is also in Chapterif is_set (Chapter) thenChapter = Chapter .. ChapterFormat ;if 'map' == config.CitationClass and is_set (TitleType) thenChapter = Chapter .. ' ' .. TitleType;-- map annotation here; not after titleendChapter = Chapter.. sepc .. ' ';elseif is_set (ChapterFormat) then-- |chapter= not set but |chapter-format= is so ...Chapter = ChapterFormat .. sepc .. ' ';-- ... ChapterFormat has error message, we want to see itendend-- Format main title.if '...' == Title:sub (-3) then-- if elipsis is the last three characters of |title=Title = mw.ustring.gsub (Title, '(%.%.%.)%.+$', '%1');-- limit the number of dots to threeelseif not mw.ustring.find (Title, '%.%s*%a%.') then-- end of title is not a 'dot-(optional space-)letter-dot' initialismTitle = mw.ustring.gsub(Title, '%'..sepc..'$', '');-- remove any trailing separator characterendif is_set(TitleLink) and is_set(Title) thenTitle = make_wikilink (TitleLink, Title);endif in_array(config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'mailinglist', 'interview', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) or('citation' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Periodical) and not is_set (Encyclopedia)) or('map' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Periodical)) then-- special case for cite map when the map is in a periodical treat as an articleTitle = kern_quotes (Title);-- if necessary, separate title's leading and trailing quote marks from Module provided quote marksTitle = wrap_style ('quoted-title', Title);Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle);-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; must be done after title is wrappedTransTitle= wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );elseif 'report' == config.CitationClass then-- no styling for cite reportTitle = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle);-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; must be done after title is wrappedTransTitle= wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );-- for cite report, use this form for trans-titleelseTitle = wrap_style ('italic-title', Title);Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle);-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; must be done after title is wrappedTransTitle = wrap_style ('trans-italic-title', TransTitle);endlocal TransError = "";if is_set(TransTitle) thenif is_set(Title) thenTransTitle = " " .. TransTitle;elseTransError = " " .. set_error( 'trans_missing_title', {'title'} );endendif is_set(Title) thenif not is_set(TitleLink) and is_set(URL) thenTitle = external_link( URL, Title, URLorigin, UrlAccess ) .. TransTitle .. TransError .. Format;URL = '';-- unset these because no longer neededFormat = "";elseTitle = Title .. TransTitle .. TransError;endelseTitle = TransTitle .. TransError;endif is_set(Place) thenPlace = " " .. wrap_msg ('written', Place, use_lowercase) .. sepc .. " ";endif is_set (Conference) thenif is_set (ConferenceURL) thenConference = external_link( ConferenceURL, Conference, ConferenceURLorigin, nil );endConference = sepc .. " " .. Conference .. ConferenceFormat;elseif is_set(ConferenceURL) thenConference = sepc .. " " .. external_link( ConferenceURL, nil, ConferenceURLorigin, nil );endif not is_set(Position) thenlocal Minutes = A['Minutes'];local Time = A['Time'];if is_set(Minutes) thenif is_set (Time) thentable.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'minutes') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'time')}, true ) } );endPosition = " " .. Minutes .. " " .. cfg.messages['minutes'];elseif is_set(Time) thenlocal TimeCaption = A['TimeCaption']if not is_set(TimeCaption) thenTimeCaption = cfg.messages['event'];if sepc ~= '.' thenTimeCaption = TimeCaption:lower();endendPosition = " " .. TimeCaption .. " " .. Time;endendelsePosition = " " .. Position;At = '';endPage, Pages, Sheet, Sheets = format_pages_sheets (Page, Pages, Sheet, Sheets, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, NoPP, use_lowercase);At = is_set(At) and (sepc .. " " .. At) or "";Position = is_set(Position) and (sepc .. " " .. Position) or "";if config.CitationClass == 'map' thenlocal Section = A['Section'];local Sections = A['Sections'];local Inset = A['Inset'];if is_set( Inset ) thenInset = sepc .. " " .. wrap_msg ('inset', Inset, use_lowercase);endif is_set( Sections ) thenSection = sepc .. " " .. wrap_msg ('sections', Sections, use_lowercase);elseif is_set( Section ) thenSection = sepc .. " " .. wrap_msg ('section', Section, use_lowercase);endAt = At .. Inset .. Section;endif is_set (Language) thenLanguage = language_parameter (Language);-- format, categories, name from ISO639-1, etcelseLanguage="";-- language not specified so make sure this is an empty string;--[[ TODO: need to extract the wrap_msg from language_parameterso that we can solve parentheses bunching problem with Format/Language/TitleType]]endOthers = is_set(Others) and (sepc .. " " .. Others) or "";if is_set (Translators) thenOthers = sepc .. ' ' .. wrap_msg ('translated', Translators, use_lowercase) .. Others;endif is_set (Interviewers) thenOthers = sepc .. ' ' .. wrap_msg ('interview', Interviewers, use_lowercase) .. Others;endTitleNote = is_set(TitleNote) and (sepc .. " " .. TitleNote) or "";if is_set (Edition) thenif Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]d%.?$') or Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]dition$') thenadd_maint_cat ('extra_text', 'edition');endEdition = " " .. wrap_msg ('edition', Edition);elseEdition = '';endSeries = is_set(Series) and (sepc .. " " .. Series) or "";OrigYear = is_set(OrigYear) and (" [" .. OrigYear .. "]") or "";-- TODO: presentationAgency = is_set(Agency) and (sepc .. " " .. Agency) or "";Volume = format_volume_issue (Volume, Issue, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, use_lowercase);------------------------------------ totally unrelated dataif is_set(Via) thenVia = " " .. wrap_msg ('via', Via);end--[[Subscription implies paywall; Registration does not.  If both are used in a citation, the subscription required linknote is displayed. There are no error messages for this condition.]]if is_set (SubscriptionRequired) thenSubscriptionRequired = sepc .. " " .. cfg.messages['subscription'];-- subscription required messageelseif is_set (RegistrationRequired) thenSubscriptionRequired = sepc .. " " .. cfg.messages['registration'];-- registration required messageelseSubscriptionRequired = '';-- either or both might be set to something other than yes true yendif is_set(AccessDate) thenlocal retrv_text = " " .. cfg.messages['retrieved']AccessDate = nowrap_date (AccessDate);-- wrap in nowrap span if date in appropriate formatif (sepc ~= ".") then retrv_text = retrv_text:lower() end-- if mode is cs2, lower caseAccessDate = substitute (retrv_text, AccessDate);-- add retrieved textAccessDate = substitute (cfg.presentation['accessdate'], {sepc, AccessDate});-- allow editors to hide accessdatesendif is_set(ID) then ID = sepc .." ".. ID; end   if "thesis" == config.CitationClass and is_set(Docket) thenID = sepc .." Docket ".. Docket .. ID;end   if "report" == config.CitationClass and is_set(Docket) then-- for cite report when |docket= is setID = sepc .. ' ' .. Docket;-- overwrite ID even if |id= is setendID_list = build_id_list( ID_list, {IdAccessLevels=ID_access_levels, DoiBroken = DoiBroken, ASINTLD = ASINTLD, IgnoreISBN = IgnoreISBN, Embargo=Embargo, Class = Class} );if is_set(URL) thenURL = " " .. external_link( URL, nil, URLorigin, UrlAccess );endif is_set(Quote) thenif Quote:sub(1,1) == '"' and Quote:sub(-1,-1) == '"' then-- if first and last characters of quote are quote marksQuote = Quote:sub(2,-2);-- strip them offendQuote = sepc .." " .. wrap_style ('quoted-text', Quote ); -- wrap in <q>...</q> tagsPostScript = "";-- cs1|2 does not supply terminal punctuation when |quote= is setendlocal Archivedif is_set(ArchiveURL) thenif not is_set(ArchiveDate) thenArchiveDate = set_error('archive_missing_date');endif "no" == DeadURL thenlocal arch_text = cfg.messages['archived'];if sepc ~= "." then arch_text = arch_text:lower() endArchived = sepc .. " " .. substitute( cfg.messages['archived-not-dead'],{ external_link( ArchiveURL, arch_text, A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL'), nil ) .. ArchiveFormat, ArchiveDate } );if not is_set(OriginalURL) thenArchived = Archived .. " " .. set_error('archive_missing_url');   endelseif is_set(OriginalURL) then-- DeadURL is empty, 'yes', 'true', 'y', 'unfit', 'usurped'local arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-dead'];if sepc ~= "." then arch_text = arch_text:lower() endif in_array (DeadURL, {'unfit', 'usurped', 'bot: unknown'}) thenArchived = sepc .. " " .. 'Archived from the original on ' .. ArchiveDate;-- format already styledif 'bot: unknown' == DeadURL thenadd_maint_cat ('bot:_unknown');-- and add a category if not already addedelseadd_maint_cat ('unfit');-- and add a category if not already addedendelse-- DeadURL is empty, 'yes', 'true', or 'y'Archived = sepc .. " " .. substitute( arch_text,{ external_link( OriginalURL, cfg.messages['original'], OriginalURLorigin, OriginalAccess ) .. OriginalFormat, ArchiveDate } );-- format already styledendelselocal arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-missing'];if sepc ~= "." then arch_text = arch_text:lower() endArchived = sepc .. " " .. substitute( arch_text, { set_error('archive_missing_url'), ArchiveDate } );endelseif is_set (ArchiveFormat) thenArchived = ArchiveFormat;-- if set and ArchiveURL not set ArchiveFormat has error messageelseArchived = ""endlocal Lay = '';if is_set(LayURL) thenif is_set(LayDate) then LayDate = " (" .. LayDate .. ")" endif is_set(LaySource) then LaySource = " &ndash; ''" .. safe_for_italics(LaySource) .. "''";elseLaySource = "";endif sepc == '.' thenLay = sepc .. " " .. external_link( LayURL, cfg.messages['lay summary'], A:ORIGIN('LayURL'), nil ) .. LayFormat .. LaySource .. LayDateelseLay = sepc .. " " .. external_link( LayURL, cfg.messages['lay summary']:lower(), A:ORIGIN('LayURL'), nil ) .. LayFormat .. LaySource .. LayDateendelseif is_set (LayFormat) then-- Test if |lay-format= is given without giving a |lay-url=Lay = sepc .. LayFormat;-- if set and LayURL not set, then LayFormat has error messageendif is_set(Transcript) thenif is_set(TranscriptURL) thenTranscript = external_link( TranscriptURL, Transcript, TranscriptURLorigin, nil );endTranscript = sepc .. ' ' .. Transcript .. TranscriptFormat;elseif is_set(TranscriptURL) thenTranscript = external_link( TranscriptURL, nil, TranscriptURLorigin, nil );endlocal Publisher;if is_set(PublicationDate) thenPublicationDate = wrap_msg ('published', PublicationDate);endif is_set(PublisherName) thenif is_set(PublicationPlace) thenPublisher = sepc .. " " .. PublicationPlace .. ": " .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;elsePublisher = sepc .. " " .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;  endelseif is_set(PublicationPlace) then Publisher= sepc .. " " .. PublicationPlace .. PublicationDate;else Publisher = PublicationDate;end-- Several of the above rely upon detecting this as nil, so do it last.if is_set(Periodical) thenif is_set(Title) or is_set(TitleNote) then Periodical = sepc .. " " .. wrap_style ('italic-title', Periodical) else Periodical = wrap_style ('italic-title', Periodical)endend--[[Handle the oddity that is cite speech.  This code overrides whatever may be the value assigned to TitleNote (through |department=) and forces it to be " (Speech)" so thatthe annotation directly follows the |title= parameter value in the citation rather than the |event= parameter value (if provided).]]if "speech" == config.CitationClass then-- cite speech onlyTitleNote = " (Speech)";-- annotate the citationif is_set (Periodical) then-- if Periodical, perhaps because of an included |website= or |journal= parameter if is_set (Conference) then-- and if |event= is setConference = Conference .. sepc .. " ";-- then add appropriate punctuation to the end of the Conference variable before renderingendendend-- Piece all bits together at last.  Here, all should be non-nil.-- We build things this way because it is more efficient in LUA-- not to keep reassigning to the same string variable over and over.local tcommon;local tcommon2;-- used for book cite when |contributor= is setif in_array(config.CitationClass, {"journal","citation"}) and is_set(Periodical) thenif is_set(Others) then Others = Others .. sepc .. " " endtcommon = safe_join( {Others, Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Edition, Publisher, Agency, Volume}, sepc );elseif in_array(config.CitationClass, {"book","citation"}) and not is_set(Periodical) then-- special cases for book citesif is_set (Contributors) then-- when we are citing foreword, preface, introduction, etctcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote}, sepc );-- author and other stuff will come after this and before tcommon2tcommon2 = safe_join( {Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );elsetcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );endelseif 'map' == config.CitationClass then-- special cases for cite mapif is_set (Chapter) then-- map in a book; TitleType is part of Chaptertcommon = safe_join( {Title, Format, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc );elseif is_set (Periodical) then-- map in a periodicaltcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleType, Format, Periodical, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc );else-- a sheet or stand-alone maptcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleType, Format, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher}, sepc );endelseif 'episode' == config.CitationClass then-- special case for cite episodetcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote, TitleType, Series, Transcript, Language, Edition, Publisher}, sepc );else-- all other CS1 templatestcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );endif #ID_list > 0 thenID_list = safe_join( { sepc .. " ",  table.concat( ID_list, sepc .. " " ), ID }, sepc );elseID_list = ID;endlocal idcommon = safe_join( { ID_list, URL, Archived, AccessDate, Via, SubscriptionRequired, Lay, Quote }, sepc );local text;local pgtext = Position .. Sheet .. Sheets .. Page .. Pages .. At;if is_set(Date) thenif is_set (Authors) or is_set (Editors) then-- date follows authors or editors when authors not setDate = " (" .. Date ..")" .. OrigYear .. sepc .. " ";-- in paranetheseselse-- neither of authors and editors setif (string.sub(tcommon,-1,-1) == sepc) then-- if the last character of tcommon is sepcDate = " " .. Date .. OrigYear;-- Date does not begin with sepcelseDate = sepc .. " " .. Date .. OrigYear;-- Date begins with sepcendendendif is_set(Authors) thenif (not is_set (Date)) then-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Authors terminationAuthors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);-- when no date, terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a spaceendif is_set(Editors) thenlocal in_text = " ";local post_text = "";if is_set(Chapter) and 0 == #c thenin_text = in_text .. cfg.messages['in'] .. " "if (sepc ~= '.') thenin_text = in_text:lower()-- lowercase for cs2 endelseif EditorCount <= 1 thenpost_text = ", " .. cfg.messages['editor'];elsepost_text = ", " .. cfg.messages['editors'];endend Editors = terminate_name_list (in_text .. Editors .. post_text, sepc);-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a spaceendif is_set (Contributors) then-- book cite and we're citing the intro, preface, etclocal by_text = sepc .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['by'] .. ' ';if (sepc ~= '.') then by_text = by_text:lower() end-- lowercase for cs2Authors = by_text .. Authors;-- author follows title so tweak it hereif is_set (Editors) and is_set (Date) then-- when Editors make sure that Authors gets terminatedAuthors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a spaceendif (not is_set (Date)) then-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Contributors terminationContributors = terminate_name_list (Contributors, sepc);-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a spaceendtext = safe_join( {Contributors, Date, Chapter, tcommon, Authors, Place, Editors, tcommon2, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );elsetext = safe_join( {Authors, Date, Chapter, Place, Editors, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );endelseif is_set(Editors) thenif is_set(Date) thenif EditorCount <= 1 thenEditors = Editors .. ", " .. cfg.messages['editor'];elseEditors = Editors .. ", " .. cfg.messages['editors'];endelseif EditorCount <= 1 thenEditors = Editors .. " (" .. cfg.messages['editor'] .. ")" .. sepc .. " "elseEditors = Editors .. " (" .. cfg.messages['editors'] .. ")" .. sepc .. " "endendtext = safe_join( {Editors, Date, Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );elseif in_array(config.CitationClass, {"journal","citation"}) and is_set(Periodical) thentext = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, Date, idcommon}, sepc );elsetext = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, Date, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );endendif is_set(PostScript) and PostScript ~= sepc thentext = safe_join( {text, sepc}, sepc );  --Deals with italics, spaces, etc.text = text:sub(1,-sepc:len()-1);endtext = safe_join( {text, PostScript}, sepc );-- Now enclose the whole thing in a <cite/> elementlocal options = {};if is_set(config.CitationClass) and config.CitationClass ~= "citation" thenoptions.class = config.CitationClass;options.class = "citation " .. config.CitationClass;-- class=citation required for blue highlight when used with |ref=elseoptions.class = "citation";endif is_set(Ref) and Ref:lower() ~= "none" then-- set reference anchor if appropriatelocal id = Refif ('harv' == Ref ) thenlocal namelist = {};-- holds selected contributor, author, editor name listlocal year = first_set ({Year, anchor_year}, 2);-- Year first for legacy citations and for YMD dates that require disambiguationif #c > 0 then-- if there is a contributor listnamelist = c;-- select itelseif #a > 0 then-- or an author listnamelist = a;elseif #e > 0 then-- or an editor listnamelist = e;endif #namelist > 0 then-- if there are names in namelistid = anchor_id (namelist, year);-- go make the CITEREF anchorelseid = '';-- unsetendendoptions.id = id;endif string.len(text:gsub("<span[^>/]*>(.-)</span>", "%1"):gsub("%b<>","")) <= 2 then-- remove <span> tags and other html-like markup; then get length of what remainsz.error_categories = {};text = set_error('empty_citation');z.message_tail = {};endlocal render = {};-- here we collect the final bits for concatenation into the rendered citationif is_set(options.id) then-- here we wrap the rendered citation in <cite ...>...</cite> tagstable.insert (render, substitute (cfg.presentation['cite-id'], {mw.uri.anchorEncode(options.id), mw.text.nowiki(options.class), text}));-- when |ref= is setelsetable.insert (render, substitute (cfg.presentation['cite'], {mw.text.nowiki(options.class), text}));-- all other casesendtable.insert (render, substitute (cfg.presentation['ocins'], {OCinSoutput}));-- append metadata to the citationif #z.message_tail ~= 0 thentable.insert (render, ' ');for i,v in ipairs( z.message_tail ) doif is_set(v[1]) thenif i == #z.message_tail thentable.insert (render, error_comment( v[1], v[2] ));elsetable.insert (render, error_comment( v[1] .. "; ", v[2] ));endendendendif #z.maintenance_cats ~= 0 thentable.insert (render, '<span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">');for _, v in ipairs( z.maintenance_cats ) do-- append maintenance categoriestable.insert (render, v);table.insert (render, ' (');table.insert (render, make_wikilink (':Category:' .. v, 'link'));table.insert (render, ') ');endtable.insert (render, '</span>');endno_tracking_cats = no_tracking_cats:lower();if in_array(no_tracking_cats, {"", "no", "false", "n"}) thenfor _, v in ipairs( z.error_categories ) dotable.insert (render, make_wikilink ('Category:' .. v));endfor _, v in ipairs( z.maintenance_cats ) do-- append maintenance categoriestable.insert (render, make_wikilink ('Category:' .. v));endfor _, v in ipairs( z.properties_cats ) do-- append properties categoriestable.insert (render, make_wikilink ('Category:' .. v));endendreturn table.concat (render);end--[[--------------------------< C S 1 . C I T A T I O N >------------------------------------------------------This is used by templates such as {{cite book}} to create the actual citation text.]]function cs1.citation(frame)Frame = frame;-- save a copy incase we need to display an error message in preview modelocal pframe = frame:getParent()local validation, utilities, identifiers, metadata;if nil ~= string.find (frame:getTitle(), 'sandbox', 1, true) then-- did the {{#invoke:}} use sandbox version?cfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration/sandbox');-- load sandbox versions of support moduleswhitelist = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist/sandbox');utilities = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities/sandbox');validation = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/sandbox');identifiers = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers/sandbox');metadata = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/COinS/sandbox');else-- otherwisecfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration');-- load live versions of support moduleswhitelist = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist');utilities = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities');validation = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation');identifiers = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers');metadata = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/COinS');endutilities.set_selected_modules (cfg);-- so that functions in Utilities can see the cfg tablesidentifiers.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);-- so that functions in Identifiers can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities modulevalidation.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);-- so that functions in Date validataion can see selected cfg tables and the selected Utilities modulemetadata.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);-- so that functions in COinS can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities moduledates = validation.dates;-- imported functions from Module:Citation/CS1/Date validationyear_date_check = validation.year_date_check;reformat_dates = validation.reformat_dates;date_hyphen_to_dash = validation.date_hyphen_to_dash;date_name_xlate = validation.date_name_xlate;is_set = utilities.is_set;-- imported functions from Module:Citation/CS1/Utilitiesin_array = utilities.in_array;substitute = utilities.substitute;error_comment = utilities.error_comment;set_error = utilities.set_error;select_one = utilities.select_one;add_maint_cat = utilities.add_maint_cat;wrap_style = utilities.wrap_style;safe_for_italics = utilities.safe_for_italics;is_wikilink = utilities.is_wikilink;make_wikilink = utilities.make_wikilink;z = utilities.z;-- table of error and category tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilitiesextract_ids = identifiers.extract_ids;-- imported functions from Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiersbuild_id_list = identifiers.build_id_list;is_embargoed = identifiers.is_embargoed;extract_id_access_levels = identifiers.extract_id_access_levels;make_coins_title = metadata.make_coins_title;-- imported functions from Module:Citation/CS1/COinSget_coins_pages = metadata.get_coins_pages;COinS = metadata.COinS;local args = {};-- table where we store all of the template's argumentslocal suggestions = {};-- table where we store suggestions if we need to loadData themlocal error_text, error_state;local config = {};-- table to store parameters from the module {{#invoke:}}for k, v in pairs( frame.args ) doconfig[k] = v;--args[k] = v;-- debug tool that allows us to render a citation from module {{#invoke:}}endlocal capture;-- the single supported capture when matching unknown parameters using patternsfor k, v in pairs( pframe.args ) doif v ~= '' thenif not validate( k, config.CitationClass ) thenerror_text = "";if type( k ) ~= 'string' then-- Exclude empty numbered parametersif v:match("%S+") ~= nil thenerror_text, error_state = set_error( 'text_ignored', {v}, true );endelseif validate( k:lower(), config.CitationClass ) then error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, k:lower()}, true );elseif nil == suggestions.suggestions then-- if this table is nil then we need to load itif nil ~= string.find (frame:getTitle(), 'sandbox', 1, true) then-- did the {{#invoke:}} use sandbox version?suggestions = mw.loadData( 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions/sandbox' );-- use the sandbox versionelsesuggestions = mw.loadData( 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' );-- use the live versionendendfor pattern, param in pairs (suggestions.patterns) do-- loop through the patterns to see if we can suggest a proper parametercapture = k:match (pattern);-- the whole match if no caputre in pattern else the capture if a matchif capture then-- if the pattern matches param = substitute( param, capture );-- add the capture to the suggested parameter (typically the enumerator)error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, param}, true );-- set the error messageendendif not is_set (error_text) then-- couldn't match with a pattern, is there an expicit suggestion?if suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ] ~= nil thenerror_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ]}, true );elseerror_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored', {k}, true );v = '';-- unset value assigned to unrecognized parameters (this for the limited parameter lists)endendend  if error_text ~= '' thentable.insert( z.message_tail, {error_text, error_state} );endendmissing_pipe_check (v);-- do we think that there is a parameter that is missing a pipe?args[k] = v;elseif args[k] ~= nil or (k == 'postscript') thenargs[k] = v;endendfor k, v in pairs( args ) doif 'string' == type (k) then-- don't evaluate positional parametershas_invisible_chars (k, v);endendreturn citation0( config, args)endreturn cs1;

[lower-alpha 1]

[Note 1]

[Note 2]

[Note 3]

Module:Citation/CS1

Style

Templates

General use

Specific source

How the templates work

Authors

Editors

Others

Dates

CS1 compliance with Wikipedia's Manual of Style

Date range, multiple sources in same year

Titles and chapters

Type

Language

Work and publisher

Pages

Edition identifiers

External links

Online sources

Link formats

Pages

Special characters

Access date

Icons

Web archives

Identifiers

Registration or subscription required

Access level of |url=

Access level of identifiers

Old access parameters

Quote

Anchors

Display options

et al.

Printing

Elements not included

Tools

Common issues

See also

Notes

References

Access level of `|url=`