The 1264–65 papal election (12 October 1264 – 5 February 1265) was convened after the death of Pope Urban IV and ended by electing his successor Pope Clement IV. It met in Perugia, where Urban IV had taken refuge after being driven out of Orvieto. He had never been in Rome as Pope, but spent his entire reign in exile. It was the second election in a row where a pope was elected in absentia; the phenomenon would be repeated in the Conclave of 1268–1271, and again in the Conclave of 1292–1294. In the last two cases, the person elected was not even a Cardinal.
| Papal election 1264–65 | |
|---|---|
| Dates and location | |
| 12 October 1264 – 5 February 1265 Perugia | |
| Key officials | |
| Protopriest | Simone Paltanieri |
| Elected pope | |
| Gui Foucois Name taken: Clement IV | |
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According to Salimbene di Adam, the archbishop of Ravenna, Filippo da Pistoia, had hopes of being elected.[1]
Cardinals
At the time of Pope Urban's death there were twenty-one cardinals.[2] At least two did not attend the Election, Cardinal Simon de Brion, Legate to King Philip III of France, and Cardinal Guido Grosso Fulcodi, Legate to King Henry III. Cardinal Simon Paltineri, governor of Campania for Urban IV and later for Clement IV, might or might not have attended.[3]
| Elector | Origins | Order | Title | Date of creation | by Pope | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odo of Chateauroux,[4] O.Cist. | Castro Radulfi, Diocese of Bourges | Cardinal-Bishop | Bishop of Tusculum (Frascati) | 28 May 1244 | Innocent IV | on 8 July 1255 he was appointed to the Committee to judge Joachim de Fiore.[5] |
| John of Toledo (John Tolet) | English | Cardinal-Bishop | Bishop of Porto | 28 May 1244 | Innocent IV | A supporter of Henry III of England; served sixty years in the Roman Curia |
| Stephanus de Vancsa (Istvan Bancsa) | Hungary | Cardinal-Bishop | Bishop of Palestrina | December 1251 | Innocent IV | Archbishop of Strigonia (Esztergom) (1243–1254) |
| Raoul Grosparmi† (Rodolphe de Chevriêres) | French | Cardinal-Bishop | Albano | 17 December 1261 | Urban IV | He accompanied king Louis IX of France in his crusade in Tunisia and died there on 11 August 1270[6] |
| Henry of Segusio | Piedmontese (from Susa) | Cardinal-Bishop | Bishop of Ostia and Velletri | May 1262 | Urban IV | |
| Hughes de Saint-Cher, OP | Vienne, Dauphiné | Cardinal-priest | Title of Santa Sabina on the Aventine | 28 May 1244 | Innocent IV | Legate in Germany, 1253 |
| Simone Paltanieri (or Paltinieri, or Paltineri) | Paduan | Cardinal-priest | Ss. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti | 17 December 1261 | Urban IV | Cardinal Protopriest, Prior Presbyterorum |
| Simon Monpitie de Brie | French | Cardinal-priest | S. Cecilia | 17 December 1261 | Urban IV | Future Pope Martin IV |
| Annibale Annibaldi, O.P. | Roman | Cardinal-priest | Ss. XII Apostoli | May 1262 | Urban IV | Treated with Philip III of France and Charles I of Naples[7] |
| Anchero Pantaleone | French | Cardinal-priest | S. Prassede | May 1262 | Urban IV | Nephew of Urban IV |
| Guillaume de Bray | French | Cardinal-priest | S. Marco | May 1262 | Urban IV | |
| Guy de Bourgogne, O.Cist. | Burgundian or Castilian | Cardinal-priest | S. Lorenzo in Lucina | May 1262 | Urban IV | |
| Riccardo Annibaldi | Roman | Cardinal-deacon | S. Angelo in Pescheria | 1237 | Gregory IX | Archpriest of the Vatican Basilica. |
| Ottaviano degli Ubaldini | Florence | Cardinal-deacon | Santa Maria in Via Lata | 28 May 1244 | Innocent IV | Apostolic Legate in the Kingdom of Sicily, from January 1255. |
| Giovanni Gaetano Orsini | Rome | Cardinal-deacon | S. Niccolo in Carcere | 28 May 1244 | Innocent IV | Alexander IV assigned him the tituli of S. Crisogono and S. Maria in Trastevere in commendam on 22 June 1259[8] future Pope Nicholas III (1277-1280) |
| Ottobono Fieschi | Genoa | Cardinal-deacon | S. Adriano | December 1251 | Innocent IV | Archpriest of S. Maria Maggiore. Archdeacon of Reims.[9] |
| Uberto Coconati | Piedmontese (from Asti) | Cardinal-deacon | S. Eustachio | 17 December 1261 | Urban IV | |
| Giacomo Savelli | Roman | Cardinal-deacon | S. Maria in Cosmedin | 17 December 1261 | Urban IV | |
| Goffredo da Alatri | Alatri | Cardinal-Deacon | S. Giorgio in Velabro | 17 December 1261 | Urban IV | |
| Giordano dei Conti Pironti da Terracina† | Terracina | Cardinal-Deacon | Ss. Cosma e Damiano | May 1262 | Urban IV | Died in October 1269, Vice-chancellor |
| Matteo Rosso Orsini | Roman | Cardinal-Deacon | S. Maria in Portico | May 1262 | Urban IV | Nephew of Pope Nicholas III |
References
Bibliography
- Jean Roy, Nouvelle histoire des cardinaux françois Tome quatrième (Paris: Poincot 1787).
- Lorenzo Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa Tomo primo, Parte secondo (Roma: Pagliarini 1792).
- Joseph Maubach, Die Kardinäle und ihre Politik um die Mitte des XIII. Jahrhunderts (Bonn: Carl Georgi, 1902).
- Joseph Heidemann, Papst Clemens IV. (Münster 1903).
- Augustin Demski, Papst Nikolaus III, Eine Monographie (Münster 1903).
- Richard Sternfeld, Der Kardinal Johann Gaetan Orsini (Papst Nikolaus III.) 1244-1277 (Berlin: E. Ebering 1905).
- E. Jordan, "Promotion de cardinaux sous Urbain IV," Revue d'histoire et de littérature religieuses 5 (1900) 322–334.
- K. Hampe, Urban IV. und Manfred (1261–1264) (Heidelberg, 1905),
- Ferdinand Gregorovius, History of Rome in the Middle Ages Volume V. 2, second edition, revised (London: George Bell, 1906), Book X, Chapter 1, pp. 335–358.
- Francis Roth, OESA, "Il Cardinale Riccardo Annibaldi, Primo Prottetore dell' Ordine Agostiniano," Augustiniana 2 (1952) 26–60.
