1850–51 United States House of Representatives elections

1850–51 United States House of Representatives elections
All 233 seats in the United States House of Representatives; 117 seats needed for a majority
Speaker before election; Howell Cobb; Democratic	Elected Speaker ; Linn Boyd; Democratic

The 1850–51 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 5, 1850, and November 4, 1851. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 32nd United States Congress convened on December 1, 1851. Elections were held for all 233 seats, representing 31 states.

The Democrats gained 17 seats, increasing their majority relative to the rival Whigs, who lost 22 seats. Incumbent Whig President Millard Fillmore, who succeeded to the Presidency in July 1850 after the death of more charismatic General Zachary Taylor, lacked a strong political base. The Compromise of 1850, which admitted California alone as a free state in exchange for concessions to slave state interests, began integration of the Mexican Cession. It appeared in the short term that Congress had politically feasible options to contain sectionalism and to reduce tensions over expanding slavery in the West. This optimism soon would prove unfounded.

The Unionist Party, formed in support of the Compromise of 1850, gained 10 seats in the South, as did the States' Rights Party. The Free Soil Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery into the Western territories, lost five seats and was reduced to four Representatives, all in New England.

Election summaries

↓
130	7	10	86
Democratic	^[d]	^[e]	Whig

State	Type	Date	Total seats	Democratic		Free Soil		Southern Rights		Unionist		Whig
State	Type	Date	Total seats	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Iowa	District	August 5, 1850	2	2		0		0		0		0
Missouri	District	August 5, 1850	5	2	3	0		0		0		3	3
Vermont	District	September 3, 1850	4	1		0		0		0		3
Maine	District	September 9, 1850	7	5		0		0		0		2
Florida	At-large	October 7, 1850	1	0		0		0		0		1
Ohio	District	October 8, 1850	21	11^[f]		1	1	0		0		9	1
Pennsylvania	District	October 8, 1850	24^[g]	15	6	0	1	0		0		9	4
South Carolina	District	October 14–15, 1850	7	7		0		0		0		0
Illinois	District	November 5, 1850 (Election Day)^[h]	7	6		0		0		0		1
Michigan	District		3	1	1	0		0		0		2	1
New Jersey	District		5	4	3	0		0		0		1	3
New York	District		34	17	16	0	1	0		0		17	15
Wisconsin	District		3	2^[f]	1	1		0		0		0	1
Massachusetts	District	November 11, 1850	10^[i]	1	1	2	1	0		0		7	1
Delaware	At-large	November 12, 1850	1	1	1	0		0		0		0	1
Late elections (after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term)
New Hampshire	District	March 11, 1851	4	2		0	1	0		0		2	1
Rhode Island	District	April 2, 1851	2	1	1	0		0		0		1	1
Connecticut	District	April 7, 1851	4	3	1	0	1	0		0		1
Alabama	District	August 4, 1851	7	4	1	0		0		1	1	2
Arkansas	At-large	August 4, 1851	1	1		0		0		0		0
Indiana	District	August 4, 1851	10	8		0	1	0		0		2	1
Kentucky	District	August 4, 1851	10	5	1	0		0		0		5	1
Texas	District	August 4, 1851	2	2		0		0		0		0
North Carolina	District	August 7, 1851	9	3		0		0		0		6
Tennessee	District	August 7, 1851	11	7^[f]		0		0		0		4
California	At-large	September 3, 1851	2^[j]	2	1	0		0		0		0
Maryland	District	October 1, 1851	6	2	1	0		0		0		4^[k]	1
Georgia	District	October 6, 1851	8	0	4	0		2	2	6	6	0	4
Virginia	District	October 23, 1851	15	13		0		0		0		2
Mississippi	District	November 3–4, 1851	4	0	4	0		1	1	3	3	0
Louisiana	District	November 4, 1851	4	2	1	0		0		0		2	1
Total			233	130^[l] 55.8%	17	4 1.7%	5	3 1.3%	3	10 4.3%	10	86^[k] 36.9%	22

Popular vote

Democratic			43.31%
Whig			41.89%
Unionist			4.69%
Southern Rights			4.13%
Free Soil			3.12%
Independent			2.79%
Others			0.07%

House seats

Democratic			50.65%
Whig			35.06%
Unionist			6.06%
Southern Rights			3.46%
Free Soil			3.03%
Independent			1.73%

One district in Massachusetts had been vacant in the 31st Congress. No new seats were added.

The previous election had 1 Know-Nothing and 1 Independent.

Special elections

31st Congress

Iowa's 1st congressional district: 1850
New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district: 1850
Ohio's 6th congressional district: 1851
Louisiana's 3rd congressional district: 1850
Massachusetts's 1st congressional district: 1850

32nd Congress

Alabama

Elections were held August 4, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Alabama 1
Alabama 2
Alabama 3
Alabama 4
Alabama 5
Alabama 6
Alabama 7

Arkansas

The election was held August 4, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Arkansas at-large	Robert W. Johnson	Democratic	1846	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Robert W. Johnson (Democratic) 57.4% ▌John Preston (Whig) 42.6%^[2]

California

California's members were elected late, at-large statewide, September 3, 1851. There were nevertheless seated with the rest of the House at the beginning of the first session.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
California at-large 2 seats	George W. Wright	Independent	1849	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	(Elected on a general ticket) ▌ Y Edward C. Marshall (Democratic) 27.16% ▌ Y Joseph W. McCorkle (Democratic) 26.77% ▌Edward J. Kewen (Whig) 23.70% ▌Benjamin J. Moore (Whig) 22.37%^[3]
California at-large 2 seats	Edward Gilbert	Democratic	1849	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.

Connecticut

Elections were held April 7, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Connecticut 1
Connecticut 2
Connecticut 3
Connecticut 4

Delaware

The election was held November 12, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Delaware at-large	John W. Houston	Whig	1844	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y George R. Riddle (Democratic) 49.21%^[4] ▌ George B. Rodney (Whig) 48.24% ▌ Francis D. Wait (Temperance) 2.54%

Florida

The election was held October 7, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Florida at-large	Edward C. Cabell	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected. Whig hold.	▌ Y Edward C. Cabell (Whig) 52.80% ▌ John Beard (Democratic) 47.20%^[5]

Georgia

Elections were held October 6, 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Georgia 1	Joseph W. Jackson	Democratic	1850	Incumbent re-elected. Southern Rights gain.	▌ Y Joseph W. Jackson (Southern Rights) 51.67% ▌ Charles H. Hopkins (Constitutional Union) 48.34%^[6]
Georgia 2	Marshall Johnson Wellborn	Democratic	1848	New member elected. Unionist gain	▌ Y James Johnson (Constitutional Union) 53.72% ▌ Henry L. Benning (Southern Rights) 46.28%^[7]
Georgia 3	Allen F. Owen	Whig	1848	New member elected. Southern Rights gain	▌ Y David J. Bailey (Southern Rights) 50.67% ▌ Absalom H. Chappell (Constitutional Union) 49.33%^[8]
Georgia 4	Hugh A. Haralson	Democratic	1842	New member elected. Unionist gain	▌ Y Charles Murphey (Constitutional Union) 58.05% ▌ John P. Stell (Southern Rights) 41.95%^[9]
Georgia 5	Thomas C. Hackett	Democratic	1848	New member elected. Unionist gain	▌ Y Elijah W. Chastain (Constitutional Union) 64.98% ▌ William H. Stiles (Southern Rights) 35.02%^[10]
Georgia 6	Howell Cobb	Democratic	1842	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Unionist gain	▌ Y Junius Hillyer (Constitutional Union) 71.11% ▌ Thomas F. Jones (Southern Rights) 28.90%^[11]
Georgia 7	Alexander Hamilton Stephens	Democratic	1843	Incumbent re-elected. Unionist gain	▌ Y Alexander Hamilton Stephens (Constitutional Union) 70.82% ▌ David W. Lewis (Southern Rights) 29.18%^[12]
Georgia 8	Robert Toombs	Whig	1844	Incumbent re-elected. Unionist gain	▌ Y Robert Toombs (Constitutional Union)

Illinois

Elections were held November 5, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Illinois 1
Illinois 2
Illinois 3
Illinois 4
Illinois 5
Illinois 6
Illinois 7

Indiana

Elections were held August 4, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Indiana 1
Indiana 2
Indiana 3
Indiana 4
Indiana 5
Indiana 6
Indiana 7
Indiana 8
Indiana 9
Indiana 10

Iowa

Elections were held August 5, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Iowa 1
Iowa 2

Kentucky

Elections were held August 4, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Kentucky 1
Kentucky 2
Kentucky 3
Kentucky 4
Kentucky 5
Kentucky 6
Kentucky 7
Kentucky 8
Kentucky 9
Kentucky 10

Louisiana

Elections were held November 4, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Louisiana 1
Louisiana 2
Louisiana 3
Louisiana 4

Maine

Elections were held September 9, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maine 1
Maine 2
Maine 3
Maine 4
Maine 5
Maine 6
Maine 7

Maryland

Elections were held October 1, 1851 elections were after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the new term, but still before the Congress convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maryland 1
Maryland 2
Maryland 3
Maryland 4
Maryland 5
Maryland 6

Massachusetts

Elections were held November 11, 1850, but at least one district's elections went to multiple ballots into 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts 1
Massachusetts 2
Massachusetts 3
Massachusetts 4	Vacant due to failure to elect.			New member elected on the 4th ballot. Whig gain.	First ballot (November 11, 1850): ▌Benjamin Thompson (Whig) 39.60% ▌John G. Palfrey (Free Soil) 34.25% ▌Richard Frothingham (Democratic) 26.16%^[13] Second ballot (January 20, 1851): ▌Benjamin Thompson (Whig) 42.76% ▌John G. Palfrey (Free Soil) 33.86% ▌Richard Frothingham (Democratic) 23.39%^[14] Third ballot (April 7, 1851): ▌Benjamin Thompson (Whig) 42.12% ▌John G. Palfrey (Free Soil) 40.18% ▌Richard Frothingham (Democratic) 17.70%^[15] Fourth ballot (May 26, 1851): ▌ Y Benjamin Thompson (Whig) 47.65% ▌John G. Palfrey (Free Soil) 47.00% ▌Richard Frothingham (Democratic) 5.36%^[16]
Massachusetts 5
Massachusetts 6
Massachusetts 7	Julius Rockwell	Whig	1844 (Late)	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected on the fourth ballot. Whig hold.	First ballot (November 11, 1850): ▌Henry W. Bishop (Democratic) 45.75% ▌John Z. Goodrich (Whig) 45.30% ▌Joel Hayden (Free Soil) 6.72% ▌Julius Rockwell (Whig) 2.23%^[17] Second ballot (January 20, 1851): ▌John Z. Goodrich (Whig) 48.32% ▌Henry W. Bishop (Democratic) 42.61% ▌Joel Hayden (Free Soil) 7.73% ▌Julius Rockwell (Whig) 1.34%^[18] Third ballot (April 7, 1851): ▌John Z. Goodrich (Whig) 48.24% ▌Henry W. Bishop (Democratic) 43.02% ▌Joel Hayden (Free Soil) 7.96%^[19] Fourth ballot (May 26, 1851): ▌ Y John Z. Goodrich (Whig) 52.80% ▌Henry W. Bishop (Democratic) 46.32%^[20]
Massachusetts 8
Massachusetts 9
Massachusetts 10

Michigan

Elections were held November 5, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Michigan 1	Alexander W. Buel	Democratic	1848	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Whig gain.	▌ Y Ebenezer J. Penniman (Whig) 54.7% ▌Alexander W. Buel (Democratic) 45.3%^[21]
Michigan 2	William Sprague	Whig	1848	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Charles E. Stuart (Democratic) 50.8% ▌Joseph R. Williams (Whig) 49.0%^[22]
Michigan 3	Kinsley S. Bingham	Democratic	1846	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Whig gain.	▌ Y James L. Conger (Whig) 50.6% ▌Charles C. Hascall (Democratic) 49.4%^[23]

Minnesota Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Mississippi

Elections were held November 3–4, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Mississippi 1	Jacob Thompson	Democratic	1839	Incumbent lost re-election as a Southern Rights candidate. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Benjamin D. Nabers (Unionist) 57.80% ▌Jacob Thompson (Southern Rights) 42.20%^[24]
Mississippi 2	Winfield S. Featherston	Democratic	1847	Incumbent lost re-election as a Southern Rights candidate. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y John A. Wilcox (Unionist) 52.77% ▌Winfield S. Featherston (Southern Rights) 47.24%^[25]
Mississippi 3	William McWillie	Democratic	1849	Incumbent lost re-election as a Southern Rights candidate. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y John D. Freeman (Unionist) 50.81% ▌William McWillie (Southern Rights) 49.19%^[26]
Mississippi 4	Albert G. Brown	Democratic	1847	Incumbent re-elected. Southern Rights gain.	▌ Y Albert G. Brown (Southern Rights) 57.35% ▌A. B. Dawson (Unionist) 42.66%^[27]

Missouri

Elections were held August 5, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Missouri 1
Missouri 2
Missouri 3
Missouri 4
Missouri 5

New Hampshire

Elections were held March 11, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Hampshire 1
New Hampshire 2
New Hampshire 3
New Hampshire 4

New Jersey

Elections were held November 5, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Jersey 1
New Jersey 2
New Jersey 3
New Jersey 4
New Jersey 5

New Mexico Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

New York

Elections were held November 5, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New York 1
New York 2
New York 3
New York 4
New York 5
New York 6
New York 7
New York 8
New York 9
New York 10
New York 11
New York 12
New York 13
New York 14
New York 15
New York 16
New York 17
New York 18
New York 19
New York 20
New York 21
New York 22
New York 23
New York 24
New York 25
New York 26
New York 27
New York 28
New York 29
New York 30
New York 31
New York 32
New York 33
New York 34

North Carolina

Elections were held August 7, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
North Carolina 1
North Carolina 2
North Carolina 3
North Carolina 4
North Carolina 5
North Carolina 6
North Carolina 7
North Carolina 8
North Carolina 9

Ohio

Elections were held October 8, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Ohio 1
Ohio 2
Ohio 3
Ohio 4
Ohio 5
Ohio 6
Ohio 7
Ohio 8
Ohio 9
Ohio 10
Ohio 11
Ohio 12
Ohio 13
Ohio 14
Ohio 15
Ohio 16
Ohio 17
Ohio 18
Ohio 19
Ohio 20
Ohio 21

Oregon Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Pennsylvania

Elections were held October 8, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Pennsylvania 1
Pennsylvania 2
Pennsylvania 3
Pennsylvania 4
Pennsylvania 5
Pennsylvania 6
Pennsylvania 7
Pennsylvania 8
Pennsylvania 9
Pennsylvania 10
Pennsylvania 11
Pennsylvania 12
Pennsylvania 13
Pennsylvania 14
Pennsylvania 15
Pennsylvania 16
Pennsylvania 17
Pennsylvania 18
Pennsylvania 19
Pennsylvania 20
Pennsylvania 21
Pennsylvania 22
Pennsylvania 23
Pennsylvania 24

Rhode Island

Elections were held April 2, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Rhode Island 1
Rhode Island 2

South Carolina

Elections were held October 14–15, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Carolina 1
South Carolina 2
South Carolina 3
South Carolina 4
South Carolina 5
South Carolina 6
South Carolina 7

Tennessee

Elections were held August 7, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Tennessee 1	Andrew Johnson	Democratic	1842	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Andrew Johnson (Democratic) 57.52% ▌Landon Carter Haynes (Democratic) 42.48%^[28]
Tennessee 2	Albert G. Watkins	Whig	1849	Incumbent re-elected.	Y Albert G. Watkins (Whig) 78.65% ▌[FNU] Hurley (Democratic) 17.57% ▌J. D. Dickinson (Whig) 3.78%^[29]
Tennessee 3	Josiah M. Anderson	Whig	1849	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y William M. Churchwell (Democratic) 50.06% ▌Josiah M. Anderson (Whig) 49.94%^[30]
Tennessee 4	John H. Savage	Democratic	1849	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John H. Savage (Democratic) 57.20% ▌Jefferson D. Goodpasture (Whig) 42.80%^[31]
Tennessee 5	George W. Jones	Democratic	1842	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y George W. Jones (Democratic) 100%^[32]
Tennessee 6	James H. Thomas	Democratic	1847	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Independent Democratic gain.	▌ Y William H. Polk (Independent Democratic) 56.13% ▌James H. Thomas (Democratic) 43.87%^[33]
Tennessee 7	Meredith P. Gentry	Whig	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Meredith P. Gentry (Whig) 100%^[34]
Tennessee 8	Andrew Ewing	Democratic	1849	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Whig gain.	▌ Y William Cullom (Whig) 55.63% ▌J. J. Southall (Democratic) 44.37%^[35]
Tennessee 9	Isham G. Harris	Democratic	1849	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Isham G. Harris (Democratic) 59.47% ▌I. G. Hornberger (Whig) 40.53%^[36]
Tennessee 10	Frederick P. Stanton	Democratic	1845	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Frederick P. Stanton (Democratic) 51.81% ▌Walter S. Coleman (Whig) 48.19%^[37]
Tennessee 11	Christopher H. Williams	Whig	1849	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Christopher H. Williams (Whig) 100%^[38]

Texas

Elections were held August 4, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Texas 1
Texas 2

Utah Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Vermont

Elections were held September 3, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Vermont 1
Vermont 2
Vermont 3
Vermont 4

Virginia

Elections were held October 23, 1851, after the March 4, 1851 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1851.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Virginia 1
Virginia 2
Virginia 3
Virginia 4
Virginia 5
Virginia 6
Virginia 7
Virginia 8
Virginia 9
Virginia 10
Virginia 11
Virginia 12
Virginia 13
Virginia 14
Virginia 15

Wisconsin

Elections were held November 5, 1850.

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates^[39]
Wisconsin 1	Charles Durkee	Free Soil	1848	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles Durkee (Free Soil) 57.23% ▌Andrew E. Elmore (Democratic) 42.47%
Wisconsin 2	Orsamus Cole	Whig	1848	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Ben C. Eastman (Democratic) 54.98% ▌Orsamus Cole (Whig) 44.31%
Wisconsin 3	James Duane Doty	Democratic	1848	Incumbent won re-election as an Independent. Independent Democratic gain.	▌ Y James Duane Doty (Independent Democratic) 67.12% ▌Harrison Carroll Hobart (Democratic) 32.31%

Non-voting delegates

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Delegate	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Minnesota Territory	Henry Hastings Sibley	Democratic	1848 (Wis. Territory: special) 1849 (Wis. Territory: eliminated) 1849 (Minn. Territory)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Henry Hastings Sibley (Democratic) [data missing]
New Mexico Territory	New seat			New seat. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Richard H. Weightman (Democratic) 4,200 votes ▌A. W. Reynolds (Whig) 3,458 votes^[40]
Oregon Territory	Samuel Thurston	Democratic	1849 (new seat)	Incumbent died April 9, 1851. New delegate elected June 2, 1851.^[41] Democratic hold.	▌ Y Joseph Lane (Democratic) [data missing]
Utah Territory	New seat			New seat. Independent gain.	▌ Y John M. Bernhisel (Independent) [data missing]

Notes

References

Bibliography

Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
"Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)

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1850–51 United States House of Representatives elections

Election summaries

Special elections

31st Congress

32nd Congress

Alabama

Arkansas

California

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota Territory

Mississippi

Missouri

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico Territory

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oregon Territory

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Texas

Utah Territory

Vermont

Virginia

Wisconsin

Non-voting delegates

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links