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1870–71 United States House of Representatives elections

(Redirected from 1870 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas)

The 1870–71 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between June 6, 1870, and October 6, 1871. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before or after the first session of the 42nd United States Congress convened on March 4, 1871. They occurred in the middle of President Ulysses S. Grant's first term. Elections were held for all 243 seats, representing 37 states.

1870–71 United States House of Representatives elections
← 1868 & 1869June 6, 1870 –
October 6, 1871[a]		1872 & 1873 →
All 243 seats in the United States House of Representatives
122 seats needed for a majority
 Majority partyMinority party
 
LeaderJames G. BlaineFernando Wood
PartyRepublicanDemocratic
Leader's seatMaine 3rdNew York 9th
Last election171 seats61 seats
Seats won13694[b]
Seat changeDecrease 35Increase 33
Popular vote2,719,2762,441,956
Percentage49.59%44.53%
SwingDecrease 2.22%Increase 0.40%
 Third partyFourth party
 
PartyConservativeLiberal Republican
Last election6 seatsNew Party
Seats won102
Seat changeIncrease 4Increase 2
Popular vote160,29555,551
Percentage2.92%1.01%
SwingDecrease 0.27%Pre-creation
 Fifth party
 
PartyIndependent
Last election0 seats
Seats won1[c]
Seat changeIncrease 1
Popular vote98,591
Percentage1.80%
SwingDecrease 0.81%
Results:
     Democratic hold      Democratic gain
     Republican hold      Republican gain
     Conservative Gain
Speaker before election

James G. Blaine
Republican

Elected Speaker

James G. Blaine
Republican

With Grant's administration rocked by a number of scandals (including a shady deal for gold speculation that led to a crash in the market and several business deals that saw high-ranking governmental officials gain kickbacks) and Reconstruction winding down, his Republican Party lost seats to the opposition Democratic Party but retained an overall majority. Also, since white-supremacist governments controlled by the Democratic Party were reestablishing themselves in some portions of the South, the Democrats were able to make huge gains in this election.

Election summaries

↓
104139
DemocraticRepublican
StateTypeTotal
seats		DemocraticRepublican
SeatsChangeSeatsChange
Mississippi[d][e]District50 5
AlabamaDistrict63 13 1
ArkansasDistrict31 2
California[f]District30 23 2
Connecticut[f]District41 3
DelawareAt-large11 0
FloridaAt-large11 10 1
GeorgiaDistrict74 3
IllinoisDistrict
+ 1 at-large		146 28 2
Indiana[d]District115 16 1
Iowa[d]District60 6
KansasAt-large10 1
KentuckyDistrict99 0
LouisianaDistrict50 5
Maine[d]District50 5
MarylandDistrict55 0
MassachusettsDistrict100 10
MichiganDistrict61 15 1
MinnesotaDistrict20 12 1
MissouriDistrict94 25[g] 2
Nebraska[d]At-large10 1
NevadaAt-large11 10 1
New Hampshire[f]District33 30 3
New JerseyDistrict52 13 1
New YorkDistrict3116 315 3
North Carolina[d]District75 42 4
Ohio[d]District195 114 1
Oregon[d]At-large11 0
Pennsylvania[d]District2411 313[h] 3
Rhode IslandDistrict20 2
South Carolina[d]District40 4
TennesseeDistrict86 62 6
Texas[f]District44 30 3
Vermont[d]District30 3
VirginiaDistrict85 5[i]3
West Virginia[d]District32 21 2
WisconsinDistrict62 14 1
Total243104
42.8%		 37139[j]
57.2%		 32
Results shaded according to winning candidates share of popular vote
Popular vote
Conservative
 
2.92%
Democratic
 
44.53%
Independent
 
1.80%
Lib. Republican
 
1.01%
Republican
 
49.59%
Others
 
0.15%
House seats
Conservative
 
4.08%
Democratic
 
38.37%
Independent
 
0.41%
Lib. Republican
 
0.82%
Republican
 
56.33%

The previous election included 5 Conservatives

Election dates

In 1845, Congress passed a law providing for a uniform nationwide date for choosing Presidential electors.[1] This law did not affect election dates for Congress, which remained within the jurisdiction of State governments, but over time, the States moved their congressional elections to this date as well. In 1870, there remained 12 States that held elections before Election Day, and 4 that held it after at this time:

Special elections

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Iowa 2
Michigan 4
South Carolina 1
Wisconsin 2Benjamin F. HopkinsRepublican1866Incumbent died January 1, 1870.
New member elected February 15, 1870.
Republican hold.

Alabama

Arizona Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Arkansas

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Arkansas 1Logan RootsRepublican1868Incumbent defeated.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Arkansas 2Anthony A.C. RogersDemocratic1868Incumbent defeated.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Arkansas 3Thomas BolesRepublican1868Incumbent defeated.
New member elected.
Liberal Republican gain.

California

California elections
← 1868September 6, 18711872 →
3 seats
 Majority partyMinority party
 
PartyRepublicanDemocratic
Last election12
Seats won30
Seat change 2 2
Popular vote62,53957,065
Percentage52.3%47.7%
  Republican hold
  Republican gain
DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
California 1Samuel Beach AxtellDemocratic1867Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
California 2Aaron SargentRepublican1868Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Aaron Sargent (Republican) 54%
  • ▌James W. Coffroth (Democratic) 46%
California 3James A. JohnsonDemocratic1867Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
  • ▌ Y John M. Coghlan (Republican) 51.7%
  • ▌George Pearce (Democratic) 48.3%

Colorado Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Connecticut

Dakota Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Delaware

District of Columbia

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Florida

Florida election
← 1868November 8, 1870 (Election Day)1872 →
1 seat
 Majority partyMinority party
 
PartyRepublicanDemocratic
Last election10
Seats won1[4]0[4]
Seat change
Popular vote12,43911,812
Percentage51.3%48.7%
DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Florida at-largeCharles M. HamiltonRepublican1868Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.

Niblack subsequently successfully challenged Walls's election and was seated from Florida's at-large district on January 29, 1873.[5]

Georgia

Idaho Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Missouri

Montana Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Nebraska

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Nebraska at-largeJohn TaffeRepublican1866Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y John Taffe (Republican) 60.84%
  • ▌George B. Lake (Democratic) 42.00%[6]

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

New Mexico Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Ohio

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates[7]
Ohio 1Peter W. StraderDemocratic1868Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Ohio 2Job E. StevensonRepublican1868Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 3Robert C. SchenckRepublican1862Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Ohio 4William LawrenceRepublican1864Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
  • ▌ Y John F. McKinney (Democratic) 50.5%
  • ▌William B. McClung (Republican) 49.5%
Ohio 5William MungenDemocratic1866Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Ohio 6John Armstrong SmithRepublican1868Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 7James J. WinansRepublican1868Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Ohio 8John BeattyRepublican1868 (Special)Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 9Edward F. DickinsonDemocratic1868Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Ohio 10Erasmus D. PeckRepublican1870 (Special)Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Erasmus D. Peck (Republican) 52.5%
  • ▌William F. Lockwood (Democratic) 47.5%
Ohio 11John Thomas WilsonRepublican1866Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 12Philadelph Van TrumpDemocratic1866Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 13George W. MorganDemocratic1868Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y George W. Morgan (Democratic) 54.1%
  • ▌Charles W. Potwin (Republican) 45.9%
Ohio 14Martin WelkerRepublican1864Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Ohio 15Eliakim H. MooreRepublican1868Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Ohio 16John BinghamRepublican1864Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y John Bingham (Republican) 52.4%
  • ▌Robert A. Chambers (Democratic) 47.6%
Ohio 17Jacob A. AmblerRepublican1868Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 18William H. UpsonRepublican1868Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y William H. Upson (Republican) 62.2%
  • ▌John M. Coffinberry (Democratic) 37.8%
Ohio 19James A. GarfieldRepublican1862Incumbent re-elected.

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Tennessee 1Roderick R. ButlerRepublican1867Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 2Horace MaynardRepublican1865Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 3William B. StokesRepublican1865Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Tennessee 4Lewis TillmanRepublican1868Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Tennessee 5William F. ProsserRepublican1868Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Tennessee 6Samuel M. ArnellRepublican1865Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Tennessee 7Isaac R. HawkinsRepublican1865Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Tennessee 8William J. SmithRepublican1868Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.

Texas

Utah Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Vermont

Virginia

Washington Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

West Virginia

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
West Virginia 1Isaac H. DuvalRepublican1868Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
West Virginia 2James McGrewRepublican1868Incumbent re-elected.
West Virginia 3John WitcherRepublican1868Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.

Wisconsin

Wisconsin elected six members of congress on Election Day, November 8, 1870.

DistrictIncumbentThis race
MemberPartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Wisconsin 1Halbert E. PaineRepublican1864Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Wisconsin 2David AtwoodRepublican1870 (special)Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Wisconsin 3Amasa CobbRepublican1862Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Wisconsin 4Charles A. EldredgeDemocratic1862Incumbent re-elected.
Wisconsin 5Philetus SawyerRepublican1864Incumbent re-elected.
  • ▌ Y Philetus Sawyer (Republican) 59.3%
  • ▌Joseph Stringham (Democratic) 40.7%
Wisconsin 6Cadwallader C. WashburnRepublican1866Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.

Wyoming Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Non-voting delegates

DistrictIncumbentThis race
DelegatePartyFirst electedResultsCandidates
Arizona Territory at-largeRichard C. McCormickRepublican1869Incumbent re-elected.
Colorado Territory at-largeAllen A. BradfordRepublican1868Unknown if incumbent retired or lost renomination.
New delegate elected.
Republican hold.
Dakota Territory at-largeSolomon L. SpinkRepublican1868Incumbent lost re-election as a Democrat.
New delegate elected.
Independent Democratic gain.
District of Columbia at-largeNew districtNew seat.
New delegate elected in 1871.
Republican gain.
Idaho Territory at-largeJacob K. ShaferDemocratic1868Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • ▌ Y Samuel A. Merritt (Democratic) 59.24%
  • ▌T. J. Butler (Republican) 40.74%
  • ▌J. L. Butler (Independent) 0.02%[23]
Montana Territory at-largeJames M. CavanaughDemocratic1859 (Minn.)
1861 (lost)
1868		Incumbent lost renomination.
New delegate elected August 7, 1871.
Republican gain.
New Mexico Territory at-largeJosé F. ChavesRepublican1868Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Utah Territory at-largeWilliam H. HooperDemocratic1864Incumbent re-elected.
Washington Territory at-largeSelucius GarfieldeRepublican1868Incumbent re-elected June 6, 1870.
  • ▌ Y Selucius Garfielde (Republican) 54.56%
  • ▌James D. Mix (Democratic) 43.00%
  • ▌Marshall Blinn (Ind. Republican) 2.44%[27]
Wyoming Territory at-largeStephen F. NuckollsDemocratic1869Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
  • ▌ Y William T. Jones (Republican) 52.13%
  • ▌John Wanless (Democratic) 45.03%
  • ▌[FNU] Murrin (Ind. Democratic) 2.85%[28]

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links

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