Grammy Award milestones

(Redirected from Grammy Award records)

Throughout the history of the Grammy Awards, many significant records have been set. This page only includes the competitive awards which have been won by various artists. This does not include the various special awards that are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences such as Lifetime Achievement Awards, Trustees Awards, Technical Awards or Legend Awards. The page however does include other non-performance related Grammys (known as the Craft & Production Fields) that may have been presented to the artist(s).

Awards

Most Grammys won

Beyoncé has won a total of 32 Grammy Awards

The record for the most Grammy Awards won in a lifetime is held by Beyoncé, an American singer, songwriter, record producer and dancer, who has won 32. It was previously held by Sir Georg Solti, a Hungarian-British conductor, who won 31.

RankArtistAwards
1Beyoncé[a]32
2Sir Georg Solti31
3Quincy Jones28
4Alison Krauss[b]27
Chick Corea
6Pierre Boulez26
John Williams
8Vladimir Horowitz25
Stevie Wonder
David Frost
11Jay-Z24
Kanye West
13Vince Gill22
U2
15Pat Metheny20
Al Schmitt
Bruce Springsteen
Henry Mancini
Şerban Ghenea
Kirk Franklin

Most Grammys won by a female artist

Beyoncé has won 32 Grammy Awards.

RankArtistAwards
1Beyoncé[a]32
2Alison Krauss[b]27
3Aretha Franklin18
4Adele16
Alicia Keys
6CeCe Winans15
7Taylor Swift14
8Leontyne Price13
Ella Fitzgerald
Emmylou Harris
Lady Gaga
Bonnie Raitt
13Shirley Caesar11
Linda Ronstadt
15Chaka Khan10
Dolly Parton
Brandi Carlile
Joni Mitchell
19Billie Eilish9
Mary J. Blige
Rihanna
Sheryl Crow
Natalie Cole
Norah Jones
Hillary Scott

Most Grammys won by a male artist

Sir Georg Solti has won 31 Grammy Awards.

RankArtistAwards
1Sir Georg Solti31
2Quincy Jones28
3Chick Corea27
4Pierre Boulez26
John Williams
6Vladimir Horowitz25
Stevie Wonder
8Jay-Z24
Kanye West
10Vince Gill22
11Pat Metheny20
Bruce Springsteen
Henry Mancini
Kirk Franklin

Most Grammys won by a group

22-time Grammy Winners, U2 in 2005

U2 holds the record for most Grammy Awards won by a group. They have won 22 awards.

RankArtistsAwards
1U222
2Foo Fighters15
3Union Station14
4The Chicks13
5Pat Metheny Group10
6Emerson String Quartet9
Metallica
8The Manhattan Transfer8
Santana
The Blackwood Brothers
Take 6
Asleep At The Wheel
13Simon & Garfunkel7
The Beatles
Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder
Los Tigres del Norte
Lady A
Coldplay

Most Grammys won by a producer

28-time Grammy Winner, Quincy Jones in 1997

Quincy Jones holds the record for most Grammy Awards won by a producer, with 28 awards. Eleven of these were awarded for production duties; Jones has also received Grammys as an arranger and a performing artist. Some producers have also won awards as engineers, mixers, and/or mastering engineers.

RankProducerAwards
1Quincy Jones28
2David Frost25
3Kanye West24
4Steven Epstein17
5David Foster16
James Mallinson
7Judith Sherman15
9T Bone Burnett13
Jay David Saks
Pharrell Williams
Robert Woods
8Phil Ramone14

Most Grammys won by a rapper

24-time Grammy Award winners Kanye West (left) and Jay-Z performing at their Watch the Throne Tour in 2011.

Jay-Z and Kanye West, each with 24 awards, have won more Grammy Awards than any other rapper. Lauryn Hill is the most awarded female rapper, with eight Grammy Awards.[1]

RankRapperAwards
1Jay-Z24
Kanye West
3Kendrick Lamar17
4Eminem15
5Pharrell Williams13
6André 3000 [c]9
7Lauryn Hill[d]8
7Anderson .Paak7
8Dr. Dre7
9Outkast6
10Lil Wayne5
Childish Gambino
Drake

Most Grammys won by jazz artist

Chick Corea, with 27 awards, has won more Grammy Awards than any other jazz artist. Pat Metheny is second with 20 Grammy Awards.

RankArtistAwards
1Chick Corea27
2Pat Metheny20

Most Grammys won by an engineer or mixer

Al Schmitt and Şerban Ghenea, each with 20 awards, have won more Grammy Awards than any other engineer or mixer.[2]

RankEngineer / MixerAwards
1Al Schmitt20
Şerban Ghenea
3Tom Elmhirst17

Most Grammys won in the country genre

With 21 country-specific Grammy Awards, Vince Gill has won more Grammy Awards in the genre than any other artist. Kacey Musgraves has the most country-specific Grammy Awards for female artists with 6.

RankArtistAwardsCountry Song winsCountry Solo Performance winsCountry Duo/Group Performance winsCountry Albums wins
1Vince Gill21[3]2101
2Chris Stapleton103403
3Ricky Skaggs8[4]0012
4Johnny Cash7[5][6]0021
Randy Travis0003
5Kacey Musgraves62112
Carrie Underwood0510
6Taylor Swift52201
7Roger Miller42002
The Chicks0004
Willie Nelson1201

Youngest winners

LeAnn Rimes is the youngest individual Grammy winner and the youngest to win Best New Artist.

The Peasall Sisters are the youngest Grammy winners, when they were credited artists on the O Brother, Where Art Thou? soundtrack, which won Album of the Year in 2002.[7] Blue Ivy Carter is the youngest individually credited winner. She was 9 years old when she won her first award in 2021, after she was credited on her mother Beyoncé's song "Brown Skin Girl", released in 2019. LeAnn Rimes is the youngest individual winner. She was 14 years old when she won her first two awards in 1997. She was also the first country artist to win the Best New Artist Grammy.

RankAgeArtistYear
18 yearsLeah Peasall2002
29 years, 66 daysBlue Ivy Carter2021
311 yearsHannah Peasall2002
414 yearsSarah Peasall2002
514 years, 160 daysWalter Russell III2023
614 years, 182 daysLeAnn Rimes1997
714 years, 313 daysLuis Miguel1985
816 years, 308 daysStephen Marley1982
917 years, 80 daysLorde2014
1018 years, 39 daysBillie Eilish2020

Youngest artists to win Album of the Year (as lead artist)

Billie Eilish is the youngest artist to win the Grammys for Album of the Year and Record of the Year.

Billie Eilish is the youngest artist to win Album of the Year as a lead. She was 18 years old, while winning for her album When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go? in 2020.

RankAgeArtistYear
118 years, 39 daysBillie Eilish2020
220 years, 49 daysTaylor Swift2010
321 years, 272 daysAlanis Morissette1996
422 years, 18 daysBarbra Streisand1964
523 years, 274 daysLauryn Hill1999
623 years, 283 daysAdele2012
723 years, 293 daysStevie Wonder1974
823 years, 330 daysNorah Jones2003

Youngest artists to win Record of the Year

At 18 years of age, Billie Eilish became the youngest artist to win Record of the Year when she won for "Bad Guy" in 2020.

RankAgeArtistYear
118 years, 39 daysBillie Eilish2020
219 years, 86 days2021
322 years, 265 daysSam Smith2015
422 years, 320 daysKimbra2013
523 years, 72 daysJared Followill (Kings of Leon)2010
623 years, 199 daysBobby Darin1960
723 years, 283 daysAdele2012
823 years, 330 daysNorah Jones2003
924 years, 23 daysFlorence LaRue (The 5th Dimension)1968
1024 years, 149 daysAmy Winehouse2008

Youngest artist to win Song of the Year

Lorde became the youngest Song of the Year winner in 2014.

At 17 years of age, Lorde became the youngest artist to win Song of the Year when she won for "Royals" in 2014.

Youngest artist to win Best New Artist

At 14 years of age, LeAnn Rimes became the youngest Best New Artist winner when she won in 1997.

Oldest winners

Pinetop Perkins is the oldest Grammy winner, winning just weeks prior to his death

Pinetop Perkins is the oldest person to win a Grammy. In 2011 he was awarded with Best Traditional Blues Album for Joined at the Hip, at 97 years of age.

RankAgeArtistYear Won, Category, Work
197 years, 221 daysPinetop Perkins2011, Best Traditional Blues Album, Joined at the Hip
295 years, 243 daysTony Bennett2022, Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album, Love For Sale
395 years, 31 daysGeorge Burns1991, Best Spoken Word or Non-Musical Recording Album (now called Best Spoken Word Album), Gracie: A Love Story
494 years, 132 daysJimmy Carter2019, Best Spoken Word Album, Faith: A Journey For All
591 years, 361 daysJohn Williams2024, Best Instrumental Composition, Helena's Theme
691 years, 137 daysJimmy Carter2016, Best Spoken Word Album, A Full Life: Reflections at 90
790 years, 52 daysElizabeth Cotten1985, Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording, Elizabeth Cotten Live!
890 years, 26 daysBetty White2012, Best Spoken Word Album, If You Ask Me (And Of Course You Won't)

Note: Sources vary on the birth year of Elizabeth Cotten, with some stating it as 1893, while others say 1895. The above information credits it as 1895. With either year, Cotten is the oldest female Grammy winner.

Most honored albums

Santana's Supernatural and U2's How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb hold the record for most honoured album having won nine awards. Supernatural won nine awards in 2000 and How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb won three awards in 2005 and won a further six in 2006 giving it a total of nine awards.

NumberAlbums and artistsAwards
1SupernaturalSantana9
How to Dismantle an Atomic BombU2
3ThrillerMichael Jackson8
Genius Loves CompanyRay Charles
5Back on the BlockQuincy Jones7
All That You Can't Leave BehindU2
Come Away With MeNorah Jones
21Adele
24K MagicBruno Mars
9The Return of Roger MillerRoger Miller6
Bridge over Troubled WaterSimon & Garfunkel
Toto IVToto
Unforgettable... with LoveNatalie Cole
Raising SandRobert Plant & Alison Krauss
The Blueprint 3Jay-Z
To Pimp a ButterflyKendrick Lamar

Most Album of the Year wins

The record for most Album of the Year wins is five. One engineer/mixer;

One artist, one engineer/mixer and two mastering engineers have won the award four times;

Three recording artists, five record producers, three engineer/mixers and one mastering engineer have won the award three times;

Most Record of the Year wins

The record for most Record of the Year wins is four. One mastering engineer has won the award four consecutive times;

Two recording artists and four engineers/mixers have won the award three times;

Most Song of the Year wins

The record for the most Song of the Year wins is two. Fourteen songwriters have won in this category twice;

Most Grammys won for consecutive studio albums

Beyoncé has won eight consecutive awards for eight consecutive studio albums (including Everything Is Love).

Alison Krauss and Union Station, Pat Metheny (along with the Pat Metheny Group), and The Manhattan Transfer have won seven consecutive awards for seven consecutive studio albums.

Most consecutive Grammys won for the same category

RankArtistCategoryYears
1Aretha FranklinBest Female R&B Vocal Performance8; (1968–1975)
2Bill CosbyBest Comedy Album6; (1965-1970)
John WilliamsBest Score Soundtrack for Visual Media6; (1978–1983)
Jimmy SturrBest Polka Album6; (1987–1992)
5Vince GillBest Male Country Vocal Performance5; (1995–1999)
6Pat BenatarBest Female Rock Vocal Performance4; (1981–1984)
Robert ShawBest Choral Performance4; (1988–1991)
Jack RennerBest Engineered Album, Classical4; (1988–1991)
Jimmy Sturr (three times)Best Polka Album4; (1996–1999)
(2001–2004)
(2006–2009)
Lenny KravitzBest Male Rock Vocal Performance4; (1999–2002)
Tom CoyneRecord of the Year4; (2015–2018)
Peter SchickeleBest Comedy Album4; (1989-1992)

Artists who have won all four General Field awards

Adele is one of three artists who have won all four general field awards.

There have been only three artists who have won all four General Field awards: Album of the Year, Record of the Year, Song of the Year, and Best New Artist.

In 1981, Christopher Cross became the first artist to win all four awards, as well as the first act to win them all in a single year.[8]

In 2009, Adele won Best New Artist, and she earned the three other awards in both 2012 and 2017. She was the second artist to win all four accolades throughout her career, and the first to do so on separate occasions.[9]

In 2020, Billie Eilish became the third musician to win all four awards and the first female artist to win them during a single ceremony.[10]

Single ceremony

Most Grammys won in one night

The record for most Grammys won in one night is eight. Michael Jackson won eight in 1984 and is the only solo artist to do so. The group Santana tied with Michael Jackson’s record in 2000.[11][12]

RankArtist(s)Awards
1Michael Jackson (1984)8
Santana (2000)
3Paul Simon (1971)7
4Roger Miller (1966)6
Quincy Jones (1991)
Eric Clapton (1993)
Beyoncé (2010)
Adele (2012)
Tom Elmhirst (2017)
Bruno Mars (2018)
Finneas O'Connell (2020)

Most Grammys won by a male artist in one night

Michael Jackson won a record eight awards in 1984

The record for most Grammys won by a male artist in one night is eight. Michael Jackson won eight in 1984.

RankArtist(s)Awards
1Michael Jackson (1984)8
2Paul Simon (1971)7
3Roger Miller (1966)6
Quincy Jones (1991)
Eric Clapton (1993)
Bruno Mars (2018)

Most Grammys won by a female artist in one night

Adele and Beyoncé won six awards in a single year.

The record for most Grammys won by a female artist in one night is six. Beyoncé and Adele each won six in 2010 and 2012, respectively.

RankArtistAwards
1Beyoncé (2010)6
Adele (2012)
3Lauryn Hill (1999)5
Alicia Keys (2002)
Norah Jones (2003)
Beyoncé (2004)
Amy Winehouse (2008)
Alison Krauss (2009)
Adele (2017)
Billie Eilish (2020)

Most Grammys won by a group in one night

Santana won a record-tying eight awards in 2000

The record for most Grammys won by a group artist in one night is eight. Santana won eight in 2000.

RankArtistsAwards
1Santana (2000)8
2Simon & Garfunkel (1971)5
U2 (2006)
The Chicks (2007)
Lady A (2011)
Foo Fighters (2012)

Most Grammys won by a record producer in one night

Quincy Jones won six Grammys in 1991, setting the record for most Grammys won by a producer in one night.

The record for most awards won by a producer in one night is six. The record was set by Quincy Jones who won six awards in 1991, including Album of the Year, Best Arrangement On An Instrumental, Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocal(s), Best Jazz Fusion Performance, Best Pop Instrumental Performance, Best Rap Performance By A Duo Or Group, as well as Producer of the Year, Non-Classical for his own studio album Back on the Block.[13]

Finneas O'Connell tied the record in 2020, winning Producer of the Year, Non-Classical and five additional awards, including Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Song of the Year, Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical, and Best Pop Vocal Album for his contribution on Billie Eilish's When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?.[14]

Most Grammys won by an engineer or mixer in one night

The most Grammys won by an engineer or mixer in one night is six. At the 59th Annual Grammy Awards in 2017, Tom Elmhirst won Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Best Pop Vocal Album, Best Rock Album, Best Alternative Music Album, as well as Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical for his work on Adele's 25, Cage the Elephant's Tell Me I'm Pretty, and David Bowie's Blackstar respectively.[15]

Artists who have won all four General Field Awards at a single ceremony

Christopher Cross was the first artist to win all four general field categories in one night

Christopher Cross (1981) and Billie Eilish (2020) are the only artists who have received all four General Field awards in one night.[16]

Artists who have won Album, Record, and Song of the Year in one night

Adele is the only artist to have won Album, Record, and Song of the Year in a single year twice.

The three biggest Grammy Awards are Album of the Year, Record of the Year, and Song of the Year. Eight artists have won all three in one night. Adele is the first and only artist in Grammy history to accomplish this feat twice.

YearArtist
1971Paul Simon
1972Carole King
1981Christopher Cross
1993Eric Clapton
2007The Chicks
2012Adele
2017
2018Bruno Mars
2020Billie Eilish

Most Grammys won by an album in one night

The most awards awarded to an album in one night is nine. At the 42nd Annual Grammy Awards in 2000 Santana's Supernatural was awarded nine awards. It won Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Song of the Year, Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals, Best Pop Instrumental Performance, Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals, Best Rock Instrumental Performance, Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, and Best Rock Album.

Most posthumous Grammys won in one night

Ray Charles won five Grammys in 2005, less than a year after his death.

Ray Charles holds the record for most posthumous awards won in one night. He was awarded five Grammy Awards at the 47th Annual Grammy Awards in 2005, including both Record of the Year and Album of the Year.

Nominations

Most Grammy nominations

Beyoncé and Jay-Z tie for the record for the most Grammy nominations with 88 each.[17]

RankArtistNominations
1Beyoncé[e]88
Jay-Z[f]
3Paul McCartney[g]82
4Quincy Jones80
5John Williams76
6Kanye West75
7Georg Solti74
Stevie Wonder
9Henry Mancini72
Chick Corea
11Pierre Boulez67
12Leonard Bernstein63
13Willie Nelson58
14Dolly Parton54
15Jay David Saks53

Most nominations in one night

Michael Jackson and Babyface hold the record for most Grammy nominations in one night with 12 nominations.

Michael Jackson and Babyface hold the record for most Grammy nominations in one night with 12 nominations each.

RankArtistNominationsYear
1Michael Jackson121984
Babyface1997
3Kendrick Lamar112016
Jon Batiste2022
5Lauryn Hill101999
Kanye West2005
Beyoncé2010
Eminem2011
9Paul McCartney91966
Roger Miller
The Manhattan Transfer1986
Eric Clapton1993
Santana2000
Jay-Z2014
Beyoncé2017
2021
2023
SZA2024

Most nominations without winning

With 20 nominations, Chris Gehringer has received the most Grammy nominations without winning.

RankArtistNominations
1Chris Gehringer20
2Zubin Mehta18
3Snoop Dogg17
Dave Kutch
Fred Hersch
6Brian McKnight16
Björk
8Joe Satriani15
Dierks Bentley
10Toshiko Akiyoshi14
Martina McBride
Musiq Soulchild
13Katy Perry13
Spyro Gyra
José Serebrier
Charlie Wilson
Diana Ross

Most nominations in one night without winning

Paul McCartney was nominated for nine awards in 1966 but failed to win

The record for most Grammy nominations without a win in one night is 9, held by Paul McCartney. The record was set in 1966.

RankArtistNominations
1Paul McCartney (1966)9
2Rihanna (2017)8
Kanye West (2017)
Jay-Z (2018)
Justin Bieber (2022)
6Stevie Wonder (1983)7
India.Arie (2002)
Kendrick Lamar (2014)
Billie Eilish (2022)
10Henry Mancini (1959)6
Thomas Z. Shepard (1970)
Lionel Richie (1982)
David Foster (1986)
Mariah Carey (1996)
50 Cent (2006)
Bruno Mars (2012)
Roddy Ricch (2021)
Giveon (2022)
Mary J. Blige (2023)
DJ Khaled (2023)
Jon Batiste (2024)
Olivia Rodrigo (2024)

Grammy nominations in the most fields

RankArtistNumberFields
1Quincy Jones15General field, spoken word, arranging, music video/film, jazz, pop, rap, R&B, children's, musical theatre, disco, composition, gospel/contemporary Christian music, music for visual media, and production, non-classical
2Paul McCartney12General field, pop, arranging, rock, traditional, music for visual media, music video/film, spoken word, historical, alternative music, rap, and package
3Bob Dylan11General field, country, gospel/contemporary Christian music, rock, music video/film, music for visual media, folk, pop, American roots, traditional, and musical theatre
4Béla Fleck10Country, pop, jazz, American roots, world music, classical, folk, spoken word, historical, composition and arranging
Jon BatisteGeneral field, pop, contemporary instrumental, new age, R&B, jazz, American roots, classical, music for visual media, and music video/film
6Beyoncé9General field, pop, R&B, rock, rap, music for visual media, dance/electronic, surround sound and music video/film
Janet JacksonGeneral field, pop, R&B, rock, arranging, rap, music video/film, dance/electronic, and production, non-classical
Willie NelsonGeneral field, contemporary instrumental, pop, country, traditional, American roots, blues, gospel/contemporary Christian music and music video/film
Jack WhiteGeneral field, rock, alternative, country, pop, package, music video/film, American roots and engineered album
10Elvis Costello8General field, pop, rock, music for visual media, spoken word, alternative, American roots and traditional
David FosterGeneral field, R&B, composing/arranging, music for visual media, production, music video/film, pop, and musical theatre
Herbie HancockGeneral field, pop, R&B, rock, jazz, music video/film, music for visual media and composition
Michael JacksonGeneral field, pop, R&B, rock, disco, children's, music video/film and production, non-classical
Elton JohnGeneral field, pop, musical theatre, rock, music video/film, music for visual media, composition and R&B
Cyndi LauperGeneral field, rock, pop, music video/film, dance/electronic, arranging, American roots and musical theater
Joni MitchellGeneral field, pop, traditional, folk, arranging, package, historical and notes
Danger MouseGeneral field, pop, R&B, rock, rap, alternative, music video/film and production, non-classical
Dolly PartonGeneral field, pop, country, traditional, musical theatre, music for visual media, gospel/contemporary Christian music and American roots
PrinceGeneral field, pop, R&B, rock, engineered album, music video/film, music for visual media and production, non-classical
Lionel RichieGeneral field, pop, R&B, music for visual media, dance/electronic, arranging, gospel/contemporary Christian music and production, non-classical
RihannaGeneral field, pop, R&B, rap, dance/electronic, music for visual media, music video/film and package
Linda RonstadtGeneral field, pop, rock, country, American roots, children, Latin and music video/film
StingGeneral field, pop, rock, country, jazz, music for visual media, reggae and music video/film
Justin TimberlakeGeneral field, pop, R&B, country, rap, music for visual media, dance/electronic and music video/film
will.i.amGeneral field, pop, R&B, dance/electronic, rap, engineered album, music video/film and production, non-classical
Pharrell WilliamsGeneral field, pop, R&B, dance/electronic, rap, music for visual media, music video/film and production, non-classical
Stevie WonderGeneral field, pop, R&B, arranging, composition, music for visual media, music video/film and production, non-classical

Artists who had been nominated for all four General Field awards in one night

Only thirteen artists have been nominated for all four General Field awards in one night. Lizzo is the oldest person to be nominated for all four awards in one night, at 31 years old; while the youngest person to be nominated is Billie Eilish at 17 years old. Both were nominated in 2020, making it the first time that two artists were nominated for all four awards in one night. In 1968, Bobbie Gentry became the first person and first female artist to be nominated for all four awards, followed by Christopher Cross in 1981 and Fun. in 2013, becoming the first male artist and first group to be nominated, respectively. In addition, Finneas O'Connell was nominated for all four General Field awards in 2022, but he was not credited as a performing artist in three of the four categories.

YearArtist
1968Bobbie Gentry
1981Christopher Cross
1985Cyndi Lauper
1989Tracy Chapman
1991Mariah Carey
1998Paula Cole
2002India.Arie
2008Amy Winehouse
2013Fun.
2015Sam Smith
2020Billie Eilish
Lizzo
2022Olivia Rodrigo

Youngest nominees

Hazel Monét is the youngest ever Grammy nominee, receiving a nomination for Best Traditional R&B Performance as a featured artist on her mother Victoria Monét's song "Hollywood".

RankAgeArtist
12 years, 348 daysHazel Monét
28 yearsLeah Peasall
38 years, 160 daysDeleon Richards
48 years, 246 daysBobby Bare Jr.
58 years, 322 daysBlue Ivy Carter
610 years, 136 daysHayden Panettiere
710 years, 309 daysStephen Marley
811 yearsHannah Peasall
912 years, 126 daysZac Hanson
1012 years, 155 daysJoey Alexander
1112 years, 199 daysMichael Jackson
1212 years, 234 daysKelvin Grant
1312 years, 273 daysBilly Gilman
1414 years, 45 daysChris "Daddy Mac" Smith
1514 years, 140 daysMarie Osmond
1614 years, 182 daysLeAnn Rimes
1714 yearsSarah Peasall
1814 years, 197 daysChris "Mac Daddy" Kelly
1914 years, 313 daysLuis Miguel
2014 years, 348 daysTaylor Hanson

See also

References

Notes

External links