Great Britain at the Olympics

Great Britain at the
Olympics
IOC codeGBR
NOCBritish Olympic Association
Medals
Ranked 4th
Gold
296
Silver
323
Bronze
331
Total
950
Summer appearances
Winter appearances
Other related appearances
1906 Intercalated Games

The United Kingdom has been represented at every modern Olympic Games, and as of the 2020 Summer Olympics is third in the all-time Summer Olympic medal table by both number of gold medals won and overall number of medals. London has hosted the Summer Olympic Games three times: in 1908, 1948, and 2012.

Athletes from the United Kingdom compete as part of the Great Britain and Northern Ireland Olympic Team,[1] currently branded "Team GB". The team is organised by the British Olympic Association, the National Olympic Committee for the UK. Team GB also represents the United Kingdom's Overseas Territories (with the exceptions of Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands, and the Cayman Islands), and the three Crown Dependencies of Guernsey, Jersey, and the Isle of Man. Athletes from Northern Ireland can choose to compete for either the UK or the Republic of Ireland.[a]

British athletes have won a combined total of 950 medals at the Olympic Games; 916 of those medals were won at the Summer Olympics, where Team GB is the only team to have won at least one gold medal at every games. The team has been less successful at the Winter Olympics, winning thirty-four medals, twelve of them gold. The United Kingdom finished in first place on the medals table at the 1908 games, placed second at the 2016 games, and third at the 1900, 1912, 1920, and 2012 games.

The most successful British Olympian by gold medals and total medals won is Sir Jason Kenny, who has won seven gold medals nine overall, all in track cycling. The cyclist Dame Laura Kenny and the dressage rider Charlotte Dujardin share the record for the most medals won by a female British athlete, with six each; Kenny's five gold medals are the female British record. The most successful Winter Olympian from Team GB is Lizzy Yarnold, with two gold medals in the women's skeleton.

Eligibility

A heroes' welcome for Welsh Olympians and Paralympians at the Senedd building, 2012

As the National Olympic Committee (NOC) for the United Kingdom, the British Olympic Association (BOA) membership encompasses the four Home Nations of the United Kingdom (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales), plus the three Crown Dependencies (Guernsey, Isle of Man and Jersey), and all but three of the British Overseas Territories (Bermuda, British Virgin Islands and Cayman Islands have their own NOCs).

Representatives of the devolved Northern Ireland government and others in the region, however, have objected to the name "Team GB" as discriminatory, and have called for it to be renamed as "Team UK" to make it clearer that Northern Ireland is included on the team.[2][3]

The existence of a Great Britain team has been criticised by Welsh and Scottish nationalists, advocating for separate Welsh[4] and Scottish olympic teams instead.[5][6][7]

Under the IOC charter, the Olympic Federation of Ireland is responsible for the entire island of Ireland.[8] However, athletes from Northern Ireland can elect to represent either the UK (in Team GB) or Ireland at the Olympics, as people of Northern Ireland. A number of Northern Irish-born athletes, particularly in boxing, have won medals for Ireland at the Games. All athletes from the whole of Ireland were included in the Great Britain team up until the 1920 Olympics as the entire island was part of the United Kingdom at that time.[9]

Hosted Games

The United Kingdom has hosted the Summer Games on three occasions – 1908, 1948 and 2012, all in London – second only to the United States. At the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio, Great Britain became the first team to win more medals at a Summer Olympics immediately after hosting a Summer Olympics; they won 67 medals overall, coming in second place in the medal table ahead of China, two more than in London in 2012. This success came 20 years after finishing 36th in the medal table, after winning just one gold and fourteen other medals at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, which led to significant changes in the management and funding of British sports and facilities.[10]

London also won the right to host the 1944 Summer Olympics. However, the 1944 games were cancelled due to the Second World War.

Successful bids

GamesHost cityDatesNationsParticipantsEvents
1908 Summer OlympicsLondon27 April – 31 October222,008110
1944 Summer OlympicsLondonCancelled
1948 Summer OlympicsLondon29 July – 14 August594,104136
2012 Summer OlympicsLondon27 July – 12 August20410,820302

Unsuccessful bids

GamesCityWinner of bid
1992 Summer OlympicsBirminghamBarcelona, Spain
1996 Summer OlympicsManchesterAtlanta, United States
2000 Summer OlympicsManchesterSydney, Australia

Potential future bids

In February 2019, the Mayor of London announced plans to bid for the 2032 or 2036 Olympics, which was backed by UK Sport.[11] However, it has been speculated that either Manchester or Birmingham may be in the frame to host future games, rather than London. In July 2021, the 2032 Games were awarded to Brisbane.

Medals

  Host country

This table excludes seven medals – one gold, two silver, and four bronze – awarded in the 1908 and 1920 figure skating events.

Medals by Winter Sport

  Leading in that sport
SportGoldSilverBronzeTotal
Figure skating53715
Curling3216
Skeleton3159
Bobsleigh1135
Ice hockey1012
Snowboarding0022
Freestyle skiing0011
Short track speed skating0011
Totals (8 entries)1372141

This table includes seven medals – one gold, two silver, and four bronze – awarded in the 1908 and 1920 figure skating events.

List of Winter Olympic medallists

This list also contains the medals won in winter sports at the 1908 and 1920 Summer Olympics, which are not counted in the overall winter Olympic total.

MedalName(s)GamesSportEvent
 GoldMadge Syers1908 London Figure skatingLadies' singles
 GoldWilliam Jackson
Thomas Murray
Robin Welsh
Laurence Jackson
1924 Chamonix CurlingMen's event
 GoldGreat Britain men's national ice hockey team1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Ice hockeyMen's event
 GoldJeannette Altwegg1952 Oslo Figure skatingLadies' singles
 GoldRobin Dixon
Tony Nash
1964 Innsbruck BobsleighTwo man
 GoldJohn Curry1976 Innsbruck Figure skatingMen's singles
 GoldRobin Cousins1980 Lake Placid Figure skatingMen's singles
 GoldJayne Torvill
Christopher Dean
1984 Sarajevo Figure skatingIce dancing
 GoldRhona Martin
Debbie Knox
Fiona MacDonald
Janice Rankin
Margaret Morton
2002 Salt Lake City CurlingWomen's event
 GoldAmy Williams2010 Vancouver SkeletonWomen's event
 GoldLizzy Yarnold2014 Sochi SkeletonWomen's event
 GoldLizzy Yarnold2018 Pyeongchang SkeletonWomen's event
 GoldEve Muirhead
Vicky Wright
Jennifer Dodds
Hailey Duff
Mili Smith
2022 Beijing CurlingWomen's event
 SilverPhyllis Johnson
James H. Johnson
1908 London Figure skatingPairs Skating
 SilverArthur Cumming1908 London Figure skatingMen's special figures
 SilverRalph Broome
Thomas Arnold
Alexander Richardson
Rodney Soher
1924 Chamonix BobsleighFour man
 SilverCecilia Colledge1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Figure skatingLadies' singles
 SilverShelley Rudman2006 Turin SkeletonWomen's event
 SilverDavid Murdoch
Greg Drummond
Scott Andrews
Michael Goodfellow
Tom Brewster
2014 Sochi CurlingMen's event
 SilverBruce Mouat
Grant Hardie
Bobby Lammie
Hammy McMillan Jr.
Ross Whyte
2022 Beijing CurlingMen's event
 BronzeGeoffrey Hall-Say1908 London Figure skatingMen's special figures
 BronzeDorothy Greenhough-Smith1908 London Figure skatingLadies' singles
 BronzeMadge Syers
Edgar Syers
1908 London Figure skatingPairs skating
 BronzePhyllis Johnson
Basil Williams
1920 Antwerp Figure skatingPairs Skating
 BronzeEthel Muckelt1924 Chamonix Figure skatingLadies' singles
 BronzeGreat Britain men's national ice hockey team1924 Chamonix Ice hockeyMen's event
 BronzeDavid Carnegie1928 St. Moritz SkeletonMen's event
 BronzeFrederick McEvoy
James Cardno
Guy Dugdale
Charles Green
1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen BobsleighFour man
 BronzeJeannette Altwegg1948 St. Moritz Figure skatingLadies' singles
 BronzeJohn Crammond1948 St. Moritz SkeletonMen's event
 BronzeNicky Gooch1994 Lillehammer Short track speed skatingMen's 500m
 BronzeJayne Torvill
Christopher Dean
1994 Lillehammer Figure skatingIce dancing
 BronzeSean Olsson
Dean Ward
Courtney Rumbolt
Paul Attwood
1998 Nagano BobsleighFour man
 BronzeAlex Coomber2002 Salt Lake City SkeletonWomen's event
 BronzeJenny Jones2014 Sochi SnowboardingWomen's slopestyle
 BronzeEve Muirhead
Anna Sloan
Vicki Adams
Claire Hamilton
Lauren Gray
2014 Sochi CurlingWomen's event
 BronzeJohn James Jackson
Bruce Tasker
Stuart Benson
Joel Fearon
2014 Sochi BobsleighFour man
 BronzeDominic Parsons2018 Pyeongchang SkeletonMen's event
 BronzeLaura Deas2018 Pyeongchang SkeletonWomen's event
 BronzeBilly Morgan2018 Pyeongchang SnowboardingMen's Big Air
 BronzeIzzy Atkin2018 Pyeongchang Freestyle skiingWomen's slopestyle

Multiple medallists

The following athletes have won more than one medal for Great Britain at the Winter Olympics, or in winter disciplines. Bold denotes athletes that have not yet retired.

AthleteSportYearsGender1st place, gold medalist(s)2nd place, silver medalist(s)3rd place, bronze medalist(s)Total
Lizzy Yarnold Skeleton2014–2018F2002
Eve Muirhead Curling2014–2022F1012
Christopher Dean Figure skating1984–1994M1012
Jayne Torvill Figure skating1984–1994F1012
Jeannette Altwegg Figure skating1948–1952F1012
Madge Syers Figure skating1908F1012
Phyllis Johnson Figure skating1908–1920F0112

Stripped medal

Great Britain's only stripped medal in Winter Olympic history was an Alpine Skiing bronze at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City. Alain Baxter tested positive for a banned substance, resulting from Baxter using an inhaler product which, unknowingly to him, contained different chemicals in the United States.

MedalName(s)GamesSportEvent
 BronzeAlain Baxter2002 Salt Lake City Alpine SkiingMen's slalom

Medals by individual

Jason Kenny
Laura Kenny
Yarnold
Jason Kenny (top) has won the most gold medals of any British Olympian, with seven; his wife Laura Kenny (centre) has the most gold medals of any female British Olympian, with five. Lizzy Yarnold (bottom) is the most successful British Winter Olympian, with two gold medals.

According to official data of the International Olympic Committee. This is a list of people who have won at least three Olympic gold medals or four Olympic medals for Great Britain. Medals won in the 1906 Intercalated Games are not included. It includes top-three placings in 1896 and 1900, before medals were awarded for top-three placings.

AthleteSportYearsGamesGender1st place, gold medalist(s)2nd place, silver medalist(s)3rd place, bronze medalist(s)Total
Jason Kenny Track cycling2008–2020SummerM7209
Chris Hoy Track cycling2000–2012SummerM6107
Bradley Wiggins Track cycling
Road cycling
2000–2016SummerM5128
Laura Kenny Track cycling2012–2020SummerF5106
Steve Redgrave Rowing1984–2000SummerM5016
Ben Ainslie Sailing1996–2012SummerM4105
Mo Farah Athletics2012–2016SummerM4004
Matthew Pinsent Rowing1992–2004SummerM4004
Paulo Radmilovic Water polo
Swimming
1908–1920SummerM4004
Jack Beresford Rowing1920–1936SummerM3205
Adam Peaty Swimming2016–2020SummerM3205
Charlotte Dujardin Equestrian2012–2020SummerF3126
Max Whitlock Gymnastics2012–2020SummerM3036
Henry Taylor Swimming1908–1920SummerM3025
Ed Clancy Track cycling2008–2016SummerM3014
Reginald Doherty Tennis1900–1908SummerM3014
Richard Meade Equestrian1968–1972SummerM3003
Pete Reed Rowing2008–2016SummerM3003
Charles Sydney Smith Water polo1908–1920SummerM3003
Andrew Triggs Hodge Rowing2008–2016SummerM3003
4 Olympic medals or more, and fewer than 3 Olympic golds
James Guy Swimming2016–2020SummerM2305
Sebastian Coe Athletics1980–1984SummerM2204
Rebecca Adlington Swimming2008–2012SummerF2024
Duncan Scott Swimming2016–2020SummerM1506
Katherine Grainger Rowing2000–2016SummerF1405
Kathleen McKane Godfree Tennis1920–1924SummerF1225
Guy Butler Athletics1920–1924SummerM1124
Charles Dixon Tennis1908–1912SummerM1124
Liam Heath Canoeing2012–2020SummerM1124
Christine Ohuruogu Athletics2008–2016SummerF1124
Tom Daley Diving2012–2020SummerM1034
Ginny Elliott Equestrian1984–1988SummerF0224
Louis Smith Gymnastics2008–2016SummerM0224
Joyce Cooper Swimming1928–1932SummerF0134
  • People in bold are still active competitors

Lizzy Yarnold is the most successful British athlete at the Winter Olympics, with two gold medals. Duncan Scott is the most prolific athlete at a single Games, winning four medals (1 gold, 3 silver) at the 2020 Olympics. Steve Redgrave is the most consistent British Olympic athlete, winning gold medals at five consecutive Games (1984-2000).

Most successful British Olympian progression

This table shows how the designation of most successful British Olympian has progressed over time. This table ranks athletes by golds, then silvers, then bronzes; the progression would be different if ranked purely by medals.

AthleteSportDateGender1st place, gold medalist(s)2nd place, silver medalist(s)3rd place, bronze medalist(s)Total
Launceston Elliot Weightlifting7 April 1896M1001
7 April 1896M1102
Lorne Currie Sailing25 May 1900M2002
John Gretton SailingM
Linton Hope SailingM
Algernon Maudslay SailingM
Laurence Doherty Tennis11 July 1900M
Reginald Doherty Tennis28 August 1900M2013
11 July 1908M3014
Henry Taylor Swimming15 July 1912M
Paul Radmilovic Swimming
Water polo
29 August 1920M4004
Steve Redgrave Rowing21 July 1996M4015
23 September 2000M5016
Chris Hoy Track cycling2 August 2012M5106
7 August 2012M6107
Jason Kenny Track cycling16 August 2016M
3 August 2021M6208
8 August 2021M7209

Most successful in their sport

As of the 2020 Olympics, the following athletes are the most successful (ordered by golds, then silvers, then bronzes) in their sport:

Steve Redgrave and Reginald Doherty are the most successful male athletes in their respective sports, Rowing and Tennis. Five-time gold medalist Laura Kenny is the most successful female cyclist and Hannah Mills with two gold medals and a silver is the successful woman in sailing. Nicola Adams, with two golds, shares the title of most successful woman in Boxing.

Medals by sport

Alpine skiing


Archery

Medalists


Artistic swimming

Great Britain appeared in the first synchronised swimming competition in 1984.


Athletics

Medalists


Badminton

Great Britain has competed in all Badminton events held at the Summer Olympics since badminton made its full debut as an Olympic sport in 1992.

The figures from 1972 do not count towards the total as badminton was a demonstration sport.

Medalists


Basketball


Biathlon


Bobsleigh


Boxing

Great Britain made its Olympic boxing debut in 1908.

Medalists


Canoeing

Medalists


Cricket

Great Britain and France were the only two teams to compete in the only Olympic cricket match, in 1900. The British team won, making them the only nation to win an Olympic cricket contest and the only Olympic gold medallists in cricket.


Cross-country skiing


Curling


Cycling

Jason Kenny with seven gold and two silver medals is the most successful British Olympian, most successful British cyclist, indeed the most successful cyclist, in Olympic history. His wife, Laura Kenny is the most successful British female Olympian, and most successful Olympic female cyclist in history, with five golds and one silver.As of 2021, of the 100 cycling medals won by Great Britain, half (50) have been won in the four Games since 2008, including 28 gold medals. Great Britain had won ten golds in total between 1896 and 2008.

Medalists


Diving

Great Britain made its Olympic diving debut in 1908. Jack Laugher with one gold, one silver and one bronze medal is the most successful British Olympic diver in history. Tom Daley, with one gold and three bronze medals, is the most decorated.

Medalists


Equestrian

Great Britain had one rider compete in the hacks and hunter combined event at the first Olympic equestrian events in 1900.

Medalists

Fencing

Great Britain first competed in fencing in 1900 and won its first fencing medal, a silver, in 1908 at the London Games.

Medalists


Figure skating

Great Britain hosted the first Olympic figure skating contests in 1908.


Football

Great Britain and Ireland – now represented separately by Team Ireland and Team Great Britain – was one of three teams to play in the inaugural football tournament, winning their only match to take the first Olympic gold medal in football. The men's team competed in the ten Olympics in the table below. The women's team competed in 2012, and has qualified for 2020.

In 1974, the FA abolished the distinction between "amateur" and "professional" footballers in England. This ended the practice of "shamateurism", where players claimed to be amateur but still got irregular payments from their clubs. Also, Great Britain is not a member of FIFA and its athletes participate in international football competitions as members of the national teams of the home nations (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland), none of which have National Olympic Committees. As a result, Great Britain usually does not participate in Olympic qualifying tournaments.

Having qualified as hosts in both tournaments in 2012, pressure arose to find a way for Great Britain, and at least a women's team, to take part in Olympic football competitions. The solution, first instituted in time for the 2020 Games, and following the precedent set out by field hockey and rugby sevens was for the results of the England women's team, as the highest ranked national team within Great Britain, to be treated as qualification results for the purposes of UEFA quota places. When both England and Scotland qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup, the UEFA designated qualification tournament, England's results were treated as Great Britain results for Olympic qualification purposes, while Scottish results were ignored for the same purposes. England's U23 men's team do not have a similar arrangement. Notwithstanding the arrangement, in the event of qualification, Scottish and Welsh players are eligible.

Medalists

Freestyle skiing


Golf

Great Britain was one of four teams to play golf at the first Olympic golf events in 1900, taking silver and bronze in the men's competition. They did not compete in the Olympic golf competition held in 1904. When the sport returned in the 2016 Rio Olympics, after a 112-year absence, Justin Rose won gold.

Medalists


Gymnastics

Great Britain first competed in gymnastics in the inaugural 1896 Olympics, with wrestler Launceston Elliot entering the rope climbing event and finishing last. Great Britain's first gymnastics medal came in 1908 with a silver in the men's individual all-around. Until 2008, Great Britain's last medal for gymnastics was a Bronze in the Women's all-round team event in 1928. At the 2012 Summer Games in London, Great Britain equaled its tally for all previous games combined, winning 4 medals to bring their all-time total to eight. A record seven medals, including first ever gold medals, were won in 2016, while a further three, including one gold, were won at the 2020 Games. Having won only four medals in total between 1896 and 2008, 14 medals, including 3 gold medals were secured between 2012 and 2020.

Medalists


Handball

Great Britain's men's and women's handball teams were allowed to take up host places at the 2012 Olympics. This is the only time that Great Britain has competed in handball at the Olympics.


Field hockey

Great Britain hosted the first Olympic field hockey tournament in 1908.

Medalists


Ice hockey


Jeu de paume

Great Britain hosted the only Olympic jeu de paume tournament in 1908.


Judo

Great Britain has competed in all judo events held at the Summer Olympics since judo made its full debut as an Olympic sport in 1964. Although Great Britain has won 20 judo medals, none have been gold.

Medalists


Lacrosse

Great Britain's Olympic lacrosse debut was in 1908.


Luge


Modern pentathlon

Great Britain's Olympic modern pentathlon debut was in 1912 when it was first included in the Olympics. Their most successful games were the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, where Great Britain won both the available gold medals.

Medalists


Nordic combined


Polo

Great Britain was one of four teams to compete in the debut of Olympic polo. Three of the five teams had British players, and those three teams took both the top two places and split the third place with the Mexican team. Great Britain would be the only team to play in all five of the Olympic polo tournaments, with no other nation appearing more than three times. The nation took gold and two silvers in 1908, when only British teams competed. Facing international competition in 1920, the British side won. The 1924 tournament resulted in a bronze medal for Great Britain, while the team took silver in 1936. In international play, the Great Britain team had an overall record of 5–3 (semifinal and final wins in 1920, a 2–2 record the 1924 round-robin, and a first-round win and final loss in 1936). There were 2 games in 1908 pitting teams from Great Britain against each other, necessarily resulting in a 2–2 record that year. The mixed teams in 1900 had records of 3–0, 1–1, and 0–1, though both losses (and, of course, therefore two of the wins) were against each other.

EventNo. of
appearances
First
appearance
First
medal
First
gold medal
GoldSilverBronzeTotalBest finish
Men's5/51900190819082316[24]1st place, gold medalist(s) (1908, 1920)


Rackets

Great Britain hosted the only Olympic rackets tournament, in 1908.


Rowing

Great Britain took a bronze medal in the first Olympic rowing competition, in 1900.

Medalists


Rugby

Great Britain took a silver medal in the first Olympic rugby competition, in 1900. They repeated as silver medallists by losing the only match in 1908. Great Britain did not compete in 1920 or 1924. When the sport returned in 2016 as rugby sevens, Great Britain earned a third silver medal (in men's) as well as placing 4th in the first women's rugby competition.

EventNo. of
appearances
First
appearance
First
medal
First
gold medal
GoldSilverBronzeTotalBest finish
Men's rugby union2/41900190002022nd place, silver medalist(s) (1900, 1908)
Men's rugby sevens2/22016201601012nd place, silver medalist(s) (2016)
Women's rugby sevens2/2201600004th (2016, 2020)


Sailing

Great Britain took four gold medals in the first Olympic sailing events in 1900. In addition, British sailors were part of two mixed teams that won gold.

Medalists


Shooting

Great Britain's first shooting medals came when the United Kingdom hosted the 1908 Games, at which the British shooters dominated the competitions. There were 215 shooters from 14 teams in the shooting events, including 67 from Great Britain.

Medalists


Short track speed skating


Skateboarding

Medalists


Skeleton

Great Britain is the most successful team in Skeleton winning a medal at every Games in which the sport has been included and has won at least one medal in each of the five contests of Women's skeleton since its introduction with five different athletes. Lizzy Yarnold is the most successful Skeleton rider of all time winning back to back gold medals in 2014 and 2018. No other rider has successfully defended a gold medal.


Ski jumping


Snowboarding


Speed skating


Sport climbing


Swimming

Great Britain was the third most successful team in swimming in 2008, with 2 golds, 2 silvers and 2 bronzes, with Rebecca Adlington winning two of these, making her the most successful female British swimmer in 100 years.[25]

Medalists


Table tennis


Taekwondo

Great Britain have competed in all six taekwondo competitions that have taken place since 2000. Their best result is a gold, silver and bronze in 2016.

Medalists


Tennis

Fans celebrate Great Britain men's tennis player Andy Murray winning gold, 5 August 2012

John Pius Boland dominated the 1896 tennis tournaments. Tennis in 1896 was a sport that allowed mixed teams, and both Boland and George S. Robertson joined partners from other nations to win their medals. Great Britain again dominated in 1900, taking all four gold medals and adding seven others (three as part of mixed teams).

Medalists


Triathlon

Great Britain have competed in all Six triathlon competitions that have taken place since 2000. Their best finish is 2 1st-place finishes in the men's individual triathlon event, and a 1st-place finish in the mixed triathlon relay event, in 2020(2021).

Medalists


Tug of war

Great Britain's Olympic tug of war debut came when the United Kingdom hosted the Games in 1908. Great Britain was then one of only two teams to compete in 1912 and also won the last Tug of War competition held in the Olympics in 1920.


Volleyball

Prior to participating, as host nation, in the 2012 volleyball tournaments, Great Britain had never competed in Olympic volleyball with the exception of the women's team participating in the inaugural Beach volleyball tournament in 1996.


Water motorsports

The United Kingdom hosted the only Olympic water motorsports contests, in 1908.


Water polo

Medalists


Weightlifting

Great Britain's only gold medal in weightlifting came at the first Games in 1896, when Launceston Elliot won the one-hand lift.

Medalists


Wrestling

Medalists

See also

Notes

References

External links