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List of gentlemen's clubs in the United States

The following is a list of notable traditional gentlemen's clubs in the United States, including those that are now defunct. Historically, these clubs were exclusively for men,[1] but most (though not all) now admit women.

The Yale Club of New York City, founded in 1897, the world's largest gentlemen's club

On exclusivity and assimilation into the upper class

Christopher Doob explains in his book Social Inequality and Social Stratification in U.S. Society:

The most exclusive social clubs are in the oldest cities – Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, and Washington D.C. Others, which are well respected, have developed in such major cities as Pittsburgh, Chicago, and San Francisco. The most exclusive social clubs are two in New York City – the Links and the Knickerbocker (Allen 1987, 25).[2] Personal wealth has never been the sole basis for attaining membership in exclusive clubs. The individual and family must meet the admissions committee's standards for values and behavior. Old money prevails over new money as the Rockefeller family experience suggests. John D. Rockefeller, the family founder and the nation's first billionaire, joined the Union League Club, a fairly respectable but not top-level club; John D. Rockefeller, Jr., belonged to the University Club, a step up from his father; and finally his son John D. Rockefeller, III, reached the pinnacle with his acceptance into the Knickerbocker Club (Baltzell 1989, 340).[2]

E. Digby Baltzell, sociologist of the WASP establishment, explains in his book Philadelphia Gentlemen: The Making of a National Upper Class:

The circulation of elites in America and the assimilation of new men of power and influence into the upper class takes place primarily through the medium of urban clubdom. Aristocracy of birth is replaced by an aristocracy of ballot. Frederick Lewis Allen showed how this process operated in the case of the nine “Lords of Creation” who were listed in the New York Social Register as of 1905: ‘The nine men who were listed [in the Social Register] were recorded as belonging to 9.4 clubs apiece,’ wrote Allen. ‘Though only two of them, J. P. Morgan and Cornelius Vanderbilt III, belonged to the Knickerbocker Club, the citadel of Patrician families (indeed, both already belonged to old prominent families at the time), Stillman and Harriman joined these two in the membership of the almost equally fashionable Union Club; Baker joined these four in the membership of the Metropolitan Club of New York (magnificent, but easier of access to new wealth); John D. Rockefeller, William Rockefeller, and Rogers, along with Morgan and Baker were listed as members of the Union League Club (the stronghold of Republican respectability); seven of the group belonged to the New York Yacht Club. Morgan belonged to nineteen clubs in all; Vanderbilt, to fifteen; Harriman, to fourteen.’ Allen then goes on to show how the descendants of these financial giants were assimilated into the upper class: ‘By way of footnote, it may be added that although in that year [1905] only two of our ten financiers belonged to the Knickerbocker Club, in 1933 the grandsons of six of them did. The following progress is characteristic: John D. Rockefeller, Union League Club; John D. Rockefeller, Jr., University Club; John D. Rockefeller 3rd, Knickerbocker Club. Thus is the American aristocracy recruited.'[3]

History

The traditional gentlemen's club originated in London (in particular the St James's area) in the 18th century as a successor to coffeehouses.[1] These clubs also continue to operate in the United States. The five oldest existing American clubs are the South River Club in South River, Maryland (c.1690/1700), the Schuylkill Fishing Company in Andalusia, Pennsylvania (1732), the Old Colony Club in Plymouth, Massachusetts (1769), the Philadelphia Club in Philadelphia (1834), and the Union Club of the City of New York in New York City (1836).[1] The Boston Club, of New Orleans, named after the card game and not the city, is the oldest southern club, founded in 1841.[4] The five oldest existing clubs west of the Mississippi River are the Pacific Club in Honolulu (1851), the Pacific-Union Club (1852), Olympic Club (1860), and Concordia-Argonaut Club (1864), all in San Francisco, and the Arlington Club in Portland, Oregon (1867).

Present day

While most major American cities today have at least one gentlemen's club, they are most prevalent in older cities, especially those on the East Coast.[1] As detailed below, only thirteen American cities have five or more such clubs: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Cincinnati, Denver, Detroit, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York City, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, San Francisco, Seattle, and Washington, D.C. Also as detailed below, New York City contains more than any other American city, including the Yale Club of New York City, the largest traditional gentlemen's club in the world.[5] Throughout the country, though, many clubs have reciprocal relationships with the older clubs in London, with each other, and with other gentlemen's clubs around the world.

A few American gentlemen's clubs maintain separate "city" and "country" clubhouses, essentially functioning as both a traditional gentlemen's club in one location and a country club in another: the Piedmont Driving Club in Atlanta, the Wisconsin Club in Milwaukee,[6] the New York Athletic Club in New York City, the Union League of Philadelphia, the Missouri Athletic Club in St. Louis, and the Olympic Club in San Francisco. Similarly, the Jonathan Club in Los Angeles functions as a traditional gentlemen's club in one location and a beach club in another.

Because the term "gentlemen's club" is commonly used in the United States to refer euphemistically to strip clubs, traditional gentlemen's clubs often are referred to as "men's clubs" or "city clubs" (as opposed to country clubs) or simply as "private social clubs" or just "private clubs". For other meanings and nuances of the word "club", see club.

List

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

  • The University Club of Arizona State University

Arkansas

California

  • San Jose
    • The Metropolitan University Club (1936–1990), created from merger of previous Metropolitan Social & Athletic Club (1936) and University Club of San Jose (1957), insolvent[66]
    • The Sainte Claire Club (1895)[66][67]
    • The Silicon Valley Athletic Club (1981), until 2012 called the San Jose Athletic Club[66][68]
  • The Sainte Claire Club
  • The University Club of Santa Barbara

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

  • Wilmington
    • The Wilmington Club (1855)[98]
    • The University Club of Wilmington (1924–1958), merged with the Wilmington Whist Club to become the University and Whist Club[98]
    • The University and Whist Club (1891)[98][99]
  • The Wilmington Club

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

  • The Oglethorpe Club

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

  • New Albany
    • The Calumet Club (1919–1932), ceased existence but held reunions up until 1975[177]
  • South Bend
    • The Summit Club (1967–2012), insolvent[178]

Iowa

  • Des Moines
    • The Des Moines Club (1909–2002), merged with the Embassy Club to become the Des Moines Embassy Club[181]
    • The Des Moines Embassy Club (1909), formed in 2002 from the merger of the Embassy Club and Des Moines Club[181][182]
    • The Embassy Club (1946–2002), merged with the Des Moines Club to become the Des Moines Embassy Club[181]
  • Iowa City
    • The University Club of Iowa City (1917–2018)[183][184]

Kansas

Kentucky

  • Owensboro
    • The Campbell Club (1959) – Permanently closed on December 21, 2018 [202]
  • The Campbell Club

Louisiana

  • The City Club of Baton Rouge
  • The Boston Club
  • The Chess, Checkers, & Whist Club (1883–1932)
  • The Harmony Club (1896–1930)
  • Shreveport
    • The Cambridge Club (1982–2009), insolvent[222]
    • The Petroleum Club of Shreveport (1948)[223][224]
    • The Shreveport Club (1946)[222][225]
    • The University Club of Shreveport (1979–2011), insolvent[222]

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

  • The Kitchi Gammi Club
  • The now-defunct St. Paul Athletic Club

Mississippi

Missouri

  • The Whittemore House Club
  • The Benton Club
  • The Missouri Athletic Club
  • The Racquet Club of St. Louis
  • The St. Louis Club (1899–1925)
  • The University Club of St. Louis (1917–1974)

Montana

The Montana Club's 1905 building

Nebraska

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

  • The Toledo Club

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

  • The University Club of State College

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Texas

  • The Fort Worth Club

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

  • The Spokane Club

Wisconsin

  • The Madison Club

Wyoming

  • Casper
    • The Casper Petroleum Club (1949–2016), closed permanently on October 1, 2016 [607][608]

See also

Further reading

  • Thévoz, Seth Alexander (2022). Behind Closed Doors: The Secret Life of London Private Members' Clubs. London: Robinson/Little, Brown. ISBN 978-1-47214-646-5.
  • "Club men of New York: their occupations, and business and home addresses", New York : The Republic press [etc.], 1893. Cf. starting at p. 39.
  • Seth Alexander Thévoz, Global Clubs Directory

Notes

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