List of han

The list of han or domains in the Tokugawa period (1603–1868) changed from time to time during the Edo period. Han were feudal domains that formed the effective basis of administration in Tokugawa-era Japan. The Han are given according to their domain seat/castle town by modern region (-chihō, roughly comparable to ancient circuits, -dō) and ancient province (kuni/-shū, roughly comparable to modern prefectures, -to/-dō/-fu/-ken). Han usually comprised territories around/near the capital, but were beyond that in many cases disconnected and distributed over several provinces.

Map of Japan, 1855 – The major Sengoku period feudal domains between 1564 and 1573.
A Japanese/Cyrillic 1789 map of Japan showing provincial borders and the castle towns of han and major shogunate castles/cities
Map of Japan, 1855 with provinces.
Map of Japan, 1871 with provinces.

The han system was abolished by the Meiji government in 1871 when all remaining -han were transformed into -ken ("prefectures"). In several waves of mergers, splits and territorial transfers – the first major consolidation followed immediately in 1871/72 – the prefectures were reorganized to encompass contiguous, compact territories, no longer resembling Edo period han, but in many cases territorially identical to provinces which had remained the most important primary geographical subdivision even during feudal times.[1][2]

Hokkaidō

  • Matsumae (1590-1871) – Located around modern-day Matsumae town, Matsumae District; held by the Matsumae clan. Only domain in Ezo. Renamed to Tate after the restoration when the domain seat was moved from Matsumae/Fukuyama castle (in present-day Matsumae town) which had been destroyed in the Boshin war to Tate castle (in present-day Asabu town), became Tate-ken ("Tate prefecture") in 1871 and was merged into Aomori-ken ("Aomori Prefecture") the same year, finally in 1872, transferred to the settlement/development agency (kaitakushi), the precursor to Hokkaidō ("Hokkai circuit/territory/from 1946: prefecture").[3]

Tōhoku

Mutsu Province (Present-day Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate and Aomori Prefectures)

Dewa Province (Present-day Yamagata and Akita Prefectures)

Kantō region

Hitachi Province (Present-day Central Ibaraki Prefecture)

Shimotsuke Province (Present-day Tochigi Prefecture)

Kōzuke Province (Present-day Gunma Prefecture)

Shimōsa Province (Present-day Northern Chiba, Southeastern Ibaraki and West portion of the Edogawa River in Saitama Prefectures)

Kazusa Province (Present-day Central Chiba Prefecture)

Awa Province (Present-day Southern Chiba Prefecture)

Musashi Province (Present-day Tokyo, Saitama, Northern Kanagawa and Western Chiba Prefectures)

Sagami Province (Present-day Southwestern Kanagawa Prefecture)

Chūbu

Echigo Province (Present-day Niigita Prefecture)

Shinano Province (Present-day Nagano Prefecture)

Kai Province (Present-day Yamanashi Prefecture)

Etchū Province (Present-day Toyama Prefecture)

Kaga Province (Present-day Southern Ishikawa Prefecture)

Echizen Province (Present-day Northern Fukui Prefecture)

Wakasa Province (Present-day Southern Fukui Prefecture)

Tōkai

Suruga Province (Present-day Central Shizuoka Prefecture around Shizuoka City)

Tōtōmi Province (Present-day Western Shizuoka Prefecture)

Mikawa Province (Present-day Eastern Aichi Prefecture around Toyohashi)

Owari Province (Present-day Western Aichi Prefecture around Nagoya)

  • Owari (1610-1871) [6]
  • Inuyama (1617-1871)
  • Ogawa (1601-1606)
  • Owari Kuroda (Unknown Dates)
  • Kiyosu (1600-1610)

Hida Province (Present-day Northern Gifu Prefecture)

Mino Province (Present-day Southern Gifu Prefecture)

Kansai

Ise Province (Present-day Central Mie Prefecture)

Shima Province (Present-day Eastern Mie Prefecture)

  • Toba (1597-1680/1691-1871)

Ōmi Province (Present-day Shiga Prefecture)

Yamashiro Province (Present-day Southern Kyoto Prefecture)

Yamato Province (Present-day Nara Prefecture)

  • Yagyū (1636-1869)
  • Kōriyama (1615-1871)
  • Koizumi (1600-1871)
  • Gose (1620-1629)
  • Yanagimoto (1615-1871)
  • Kaiju-Shibamura (1615-1871)
  • Uda-Matsuyama (1600-1695)
  • Kujira (1863-1871)
  • Tatsuta (1601-1655)
  • Takatori (1640-1871)
  • Tawaramoto (1583-1871)
  • Yamato-Shinjo (1600–1863)

Kii Province (Present-day Wakayama and Southern Mie Prefecture)

Izumi Province (Present-day Southern Osaka Prefecture)

Kawachi Province (Present-day Eastern Osaka Prefecture)

Settsu Province (Present-day Eastern Hyogo and Northern Osaka Prefectures)

Tanba Province (Present-day Northeastern Hyogo and Central Kyoto Prefecture)

Tango Province (Present-day Northern Kyoto Prefecture)

  • Tanabe (1600-1871)
  • Miyazu (1600-1666/1669-1871)
  • Mineyama (1620–1668)
  • Murayama (1601-1871)

Harima Province (Present-day Southern Hyogo Prefecture)

Tajima Province (Present-day Northern Hyogo Prefecture)

Awaji Province (Present-day City of Hyogo Prefecture)

Chūgoku

Inaba Province (Present-day Eastern Tottori Prefecture)

Hōki Province (Present-day Western Tottori Prefecture)

  • Yonago (1600-1617)
  • Kurayoshi (1614-1622)
  • Kurosaka (1611-1618)
  • Yabase (1610-1616)

Izumo Province (Present-day Eastern Shimane Prefecture)

Iwami Province (Present-day Western Shimane Prefecture)

Bizen Province (Present-day Southwestern Okayama Prefecture)

Mimasaka Province (Present-day Northeastern Okayama Prefecture)

  • Tsuyama (1603-1871)
  • Tsuyamashinden (1676-1697)
  • Mimasaka-Katsuyama (1764-1871)

Bitchū Province (Present-day Western Okayama Prefecture)

  • Niwase (1600-1679/16831683/1693-1697/1699-1871)
  • Ashimori (1601-1871)
  • Ikusaka (1672 - 1871)
  • Asao (1603-1871)
  • Okada (1615-1871)
  • Kamogata (1672-1868)
  • Bitchu-Matsuyama (1600-1871)
  • Niimi (1697-1871)
  • Nariwa (1639-1868)
  • Nishiebara (Unknown Dates)

Bingo Province (Present-day Eastern Hiroshima Prefecture)

  • Fukuyama (1619-1698/1700-1871)
  • Mihara (1582-1608/1619-1871)
  • Miyoshi (1632-1720)

Aki Province (Present-day Western Hiroshima Prefecture)

Suō Province (Present-day Eastern Yamaguchi Prefecture)

Nagato Province (Present-day Western Yamaguchi Prefecture)

Shikoku

Awa Province (Present-day Tokushima Prefecture)

Sanuki Province (Present-day Kagawa Prefecture)

Iyo Province (Present-day Ehime Prefecture)

  • Saijō (1636-1665/1670-1871)
  • Komatsu (1636-1871)
  • Imabari (1600-1608/1635-1871)
  • Iyo-Matsuyama (1600-1871)
  • Ozu (1608-1871)
  • Niiya (1623-1868)
  • Iyoyoshida (1657-1871)
  • Uwajima (1608-1613/1614--1871)– It was ruled from 1608 to 1613 by the Tomita clan, then a brief Tenryō (1613–1614), and finally by a branch of the Date clan
  • Tomida (Unknown Dates)
  • Matsuyamashinden (1720-1765)

Tosa Province (Present-day Kochi Prefecture)

  • Tosa (1601-1871) [16]
  • Tosashinden (1780-1871)

Kyūshū

Chikuzen Province (Present-day Northwestern Fukuoka Prefecture)

  • Fukuoka (1600-1868) [4]
  • Akizuki[4] (1623-1871)
  • Tōrenji (1623-1677/1688-1720)

Chikugo Province (Present-day Southern Fukuoka Prefecture)

Buzen Province (Present-day Northeastern Fukuoka and Northwestern Oita Prefecture)

Bungo Province (Present-day Central Oita Prefecture)

  • Kitsuki (De facto:1394-1871/De jure:1632-1871)
  • Hiji (1600-1871)
  • Mori (1601-1871)
  • Funai (1601-1871)
  • Usuki (1600-1871)
  • Saeki (1601-1871)
  • Oka (1594-1871)

Hizen Province (Present-day Saga and Nagasaki Prefectures)

Tsushima Province (Present-day City of Nagasaki Prefecture)

Higo Province (Present-day Kumamoto Prefecture)

Hyūga Province (Present-day Miyazaki Prefecture)

Satsuma Province and Ōsumi Province (Present-day merged as Kagoshima Prefecture)

  • Satsuma (De Facto :1196-1871/ De jure:1602-1871)[6]
  • Ryūkyū (De Facto :1609-1879 / De jure:1872-1879) (Present-day Okinawa Prefecture)[17]

Notes

Map of Japan, 1789 -- the Han system affected cartography

References

  • Bolitho, Harold. (1974). Treasures Among Men: The Fudai Daimyo in Tokugawa Japan. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-01655-0; OCLC 185685588