South Pennines Regional Park

In 1947, Sir Arthur Hobhouse delivered a report to the UK Government on the establishment of National Parks and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). This in turn led to the passing of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act of 1949.^[2] The creation of the parks and AONBs was seen as a "recreational gift to Britain’s returning Second World War service men and women".^[3] By 2018, Britain had 15 National Parks and England had 34 AONBs; ten of the National parks are in England, Wales has three and Scotland has two.^{[note 1][4]} In the original list drawn up by Hobhouse, but not published, was the area of the South Pennines. However, it was decided that due to the industrial heritage of the region, it would not be appropriate to list the site for protection under either National Park status or as an AONB.^[5]

In May 2018, the Environment Secretary, Michael Gove, announced a review into the National Parks. Writing in The Telegraph, Gove stated that the intent was to review their function but not to "diminish the protection of natural areas, but to strengthen it in the face of present-day challenges." This could lead to new national parks or certain AONBs being upgraded in their status.^[6][7][8]

The South Pennines is a large upland area that extends from East Lancashire across West Yorkshire and touches Greater Manchester and the Peak District in the south.^[9] The region is the only upland area in England without national park status or designated protected framework although various individual sections have some protected status (such as the South Pennine Moors Special Area of Conservation (SAC) which covers more than 65,000 hectares (160,000 acres) and describes moorland which has 9,000 year-old peatlands).^[10] The South Pennines has 15 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) and 2,604 miles (4,190 km) of paths and bridleways including two national trails (the Pennine Way and the Pennine Bridleway).^[11] After the announcement by Michael Gove, Pennine Prospects,^{[note 2][12]} a rural regeneration agency, urged the committee overseeing the National Parks review to not forget the South Pennines.^[13] Pennine Prospects achieved Local Nature Partnership (LNP) status in 2012; the boundary of the LNP will mirror that of the National Character Area profile designated as the South Pennines.^[14]

In 2018, Pennine Prospects was awarded Heritage Lottery Funding (HLF) for training and providing information in the designation of a Regional Park, the first of its kind in the country. Pennine Prospects stated before the National Parks review that rather than wait for government approval in a designated status, they would work from the ground up to achieve regional park status.^[15] As part of this process, the park was announced in September 2021, under a "self-declaration" scheme, though without official recognition from the Department for the Environment and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). The self-designation scheme would see the park adjoin the borders of the Peak District National Park in the south, and the Yorkshire Dales National Park in the north.^[16] The highest point is in the park is 1,873 feet (571 m),^[17] and it covers an area of 460 square miles (1,200 km²). The population living inside that area of 660,000; more than twice the resident population of all of England's national parks combined. The park is also accessible within 30 minutes to 8 million people.^[18] According to the chief executive of the park, it has 53 railway stations and four motorways within its boundaries.^[19]

The organisation behind the proposal closed at the end of 2023.^[1]

According to Pennine Prospects and the National Character Area No. 36, the South Pennines Regional Park would encompass the following villages, towns and areas.^{[9][11][20][note 3]}

• South Pennines Park website
• Artistic map of the South Pennines Park area (not a definitive guide to the boundaries)
• Natural Character Area Profile 36
• Map of NCA area