Nobel Prize controversies: Difference between revisions

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Line 170: ===1973=== The 1973 prize went to North Vietnamese communist leader [[Lê Đức Thọ]] and [[United States Secretary of State]] [[Henry A. Kissinger]] "for the 1973 [[Paris Peace Accords]] intended to bring about a cease-fire in the [[Vietnam War]] and a withdrawal of the American forces". Thọ later declined the prize, on grounds that such "bourgeois sentimentalities" were not for him<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|title=Kissinger's Year: 1973\|last=Horne\|first=Alistair\|pages=195}}</ref> and that the Paris Peace Accords were not being adhered to in full. He also did not want to share the prize with Kissinger, who is called as "the representative of American aggressors" by him and he would refuse it until the U.S and the Republic of South Viet Nam stopped their violation to the accords.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://tienphong.vn/uy-ban-giai-nobel-da-sai-lam-dang-tiec-post611381.tpo\|title = Ủy ban giải Nobel đã sai lầm đáng tiếc\|date = 24 January 2013}}</ref> Kissinger was also privately skeptical about sharing the prize, saying to Soviet ambassador [[Anatoly Dobrynin\|Dobrynin]] "I figure it like [[Groucho Marx]] said 'any club that took him in he would not want to join.' I would say that anything Lê Đức Thọ is eligible for, there must be something wrong with it."<ref name=":0"/> North Vietnam invaded [[South Vietnam]] in April 1975 and reunified the country whilst Lê Đức Thọ was still in government. Tho had also been in government during the [[Tet Offensive]], a Viet Cong surprise assault that killed and wounded over 25,000 civilians, destroyed 75,000 homes, and displaced over 670,000 people.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Tet-Offensive\|title = Tet Offensive \| Facts, Casualties, Videos, & Significance}}</ref> Kissinger's history included the secret 1969–1975 bombing campaign against Khmer Rouge and North Vietnamese Army troops in [[Cambodia]], the alleged U.S. complicity in [[Operation Condor]]—a mid-1970s campaign of kidnapping and murder coordinated among the intelligence and security services of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile ([[U.S. intervention in Chile#1973 coup\|see details]]), Paraguay, and Uruguay—as well as the death of French nationals under the Chilean junta. He also supported the [[Turkish Intervention in Cyprus]], resulting in the de facto partition of the island.<ref>Hitchens, Christopher (26 February 2001). "A Nation Betrayed." London: The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/books/2001/feb/26/extract.features11</ref> According to [[Irwin Abrams]] in 2001, this prize was the most controversial to date. Two Norwegian Nobel Committee members resigned in protest.<ref name="Abrams219">{{cite book\|author=Irwin Abrams\|year=2001\|page=219\|title=The Nobel Peace Prize and the laureates: an illustrated biographical history, 1901–2001\|isbn=0-88135-388-4\|author-link=Irwin Abrams}}</ref><ref name="Feldman16">{{cite book\|author=Burton Feldman\|year=2001\|page=[https://archive.org/details/nobelprizehistor00feld/page/16 16]\|title=The Nobel prize: a history of genius, controversy, and prestige\|isbn=1-55970-537-X\|author-link=Burton Feldman\|url=https://archive.org/details/nobelprizehistor00feld/page/16\|publisher=Arcade Pub.}}</ref>