Unmanned surface vehicle: Difference between revisions

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'''Unmanned surface vehicles''' ('''USV''') or '''autonomous surface vehicles''' ('''ASV''') are vehicles that operate on the surface of the water ([[watercraft]]) without a crew.
 
USVs are valuable in [[oceanography]], as they are more capable than moored or drifting [[weather buoy]]s, but far cheaper than the equivalent [[weather ship]]s and [[research vessels]],<ref name=stevens>[http://www.ece.stevens-tech.edu/sd/archive/07F-08S/websites/grp14/documents/Grp14_Brochure.pdf/ Stevens Institute of Technology student USV] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811002903/http://www.ece.stevens-tech.edu/sd/archive/07F-08S/websites/grp14/documents/Grp14_Brochure.pdf |date=2010-08-11 }}</ref> and more flexible than [[Voluntary observing ship program|commercial-ship contributions]]. [[Wave glider]]s, in particular, harness [[wave energy]] for primary propulsion<ref name=glide>{{cite web|url=http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/story/Carbon+Wave+Glider/|title=Carbon Wave Glider|publisher=|accessdate=24 February 2016}}</ref> and, with solar cells to power their electronics, have months of marine persistence<ref name=wired>{{cite web|url=https://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2012/05/wave-glider-crosses-pacific/all/1/|title=Robot Boats Survive Epic Voyage Across the Pacific — So Far|date=23 May 2012|work=WIRED|accessdate=24 February 2016}}</ref> for both academic <ref>{{cite av media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hD1hxwupECs|title=Autonomous Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance of Unmanned Vessels in Simulated Rough Sea States|date=18 November 2011|publisher=|accessdate=24 February 2016|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8955730|title=Robotica - An experimental setup for autonomous operation of surface vessels in rough seas - Cambridge Journals Online|publisher=|accessdate=24 February 2016}}</ref> and naval applications.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=64803/|title=NPS Acquires Two USVs, Opens Sea Web Lab for Expanded Undersea Warfare Research|author1=This story was written Amanda D. Stein|author2= Naval Postgraduate School Public Affairs|publisher=|accessdate=24 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.informationdissemination.net/2012/03/eureka-wave-glider.html|title=Information Dissemination: Eureka! Wave Glider|publisher=|accessdate=24 February 2016}}</ref>
 
Powered USVs are popular for use in hydrographic survey. Using a small USV in parallel to traditional survey vessels as a 'force-multiplier' can double survey coverage and reduce time on-site. This method was used for a survey carried out in the Bering Sea, off Alaska; the ASV Global 'C-Worker 5' autonomous surface vehicle (ASV) collected 2,275 nautical miles of survey, 44% of the project total. This was a first for the survey industry and resulted in a saving of 25 days at sea.[https://www.hydro-international.com/content/article/bering-sea-asv-force-multiplier]