Talk:Alkaline battery
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I just opened a big stack of them, the zinc is the solid outer casing, cathode. Then the manganese powder, then the carbon rod, anode button.
I'm attempting to make electroluminescent & glow in the dark materials. Zinc casing dissolved in sulphuric, reduced to sulphide using sulphur from the pet shop. Manganese reduced with the carbon electrode (coke) method to manganese. Dope the sulphide with a little manganese, suspend in some form of resin, spin, dry, illuminate in an electrostatic field. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.24.47.178 (talk) 15:47, 23 September 2010 (UTC)[reply]
It isn't steel. First of all, I can tear it with my hands. Secondly, I can melt it without too much difficulty. Thirdly, it reacts with sulphuric a lot quicker than iron.
Is this some sort of new generation battery? Because all the, new, ones I've opened don't look like this inside, at all. It's just casing, powder, rod.
All the ones I've opened have what looks like card / paper on the inside wall of the zinc casing, acting as the separator.
The anode is carbon. The cathode is zinc.
That's just flat out :) wrong. The flat is the cathode, the button is the anode. Even the articles you linked to show that. In fact, the picture at the top of the article shows it.
There is plenty of good simple science in batteries.
Compare and contrast with Zinc carbon battery - article needed for this,and with Lithium battery too.
Bear in mind http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_%28electricity%29
The definition of anode / cathode may be confusing. Refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anode#Battery_or_galvanic_cell_anode for further discussion on this topic. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 134.134.136.2 (talk) 18:05, 16 May 2008 (UTC)[reply]
An expert needs to verify this, but I think that one of the reasons for the zinc (in the form of a powder) making up the cathode is to minimize the self-discharge rate of the cell. A solid cathode immersed in an electrolyte has surface areas of different electronegativity, in part due to differing concentrations of contaminants in the zinc, so the more-electronegative areas self-discharge (corrode) and the electrons flow (through the solid electrode) to the less-electronative areas, which electrolyze hydrogen gas. This amounts to self-discharge of the battery. Forming the cathode into a powder minimizes this effect. Example United States Patent 4136236. Jamesdbell8 (talk) 03:31, 18 July 2012 (UTC)[reply]
Added "approximately" to voltage. An alkaline cell produces 1.58 volts. I'll have to look up carbon-zinc, don't know it off the top of my head. Rsduhamel 07:16, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)
What are the temperature limitations on alkaline batteries? What happens when you exceed them? - Brewthatistrue 22:09, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Goes boom and expells murcury gas...read the article...Kr5t 22:48, 21 May 2006 (UTC)[reply]
Where does it say anything about mercury gas? --Newton21989 01:55, 4 April 2007 (UTC)[reply]
Scroll down. --User:HaxOr|HaxOr <% =now %> —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.162.44.48 (talk) 02:15, 25 April 2008 (UTC)[reply]
Alkaline batteries are preferred for voltage sensitive electronic devices. The output voltage does not drop until totally drained of useful energy. Carbon-Zinc cell output voltage will consistently drop as energy is used which will result in erratic low voltage operation of electronic equipment, hence the alkaline requirement on most electronic equipment.
"Once a leak has formed due to corrosion of the outer steel shell, potassium hydroxide absorbs carbon dioxide from the air to form a feathery crystalline structure of potassium carbonate that grows and spreads out from the battery over time, following along metal electrodes to circuit boards where it commences oxidation of copper tracks and other components, leading to permanent circuitry damage."
This has to certainly be the longest run-on sentence on the whole Internet. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2606:A000:F441:9300:9C0C:153D:61C5:9958 (talk) 23:46, 26 December 2014 (UTC)[reply]
What is the impact of modern alkaline batteries on the environment? The fact that there is no longer mercury added to them helps, being a heavy metal, but are there any other traces of heavy metals in alkaline batteries?
There still is mercury...Kr5t 22:48, 21 May 2006 (UTC).[reply]
Can anyone put these compunds into english please?
After letting used batteries sit for a while they seem to partially recharge (although it doesn't last long). How does this happen? What are the results, etc? Is it dangerous to use a battery up like this? Thanks --32.97.110.142 17:18, 7 March 2007 (UTC)[reply]
Sometimes alkaline batteries leak, a clear fluid. But sometimes white crystal powder forms at one end. It seems to corrode contacts. What exactly is this white material, what exactly causes it, how can it be avoided, and what contact materials are most resistant to corrosion? -69.87.193.60 17:27, 22 March 2007 (UTC)[reply]
The liquid is Potassium Hydroxide solution which is corrosive. For a description of the powder see similar comments here Talk:Nickel–cadmium_battery#White_powder_-_cell_leakage - the powder is potassium carbonate, which is also corrosive. John a s (talk) 00:17, 18 September 2011 (UTC)[reply]
Information is needed about recycling and disposal practices for alkaline batteries, in various countries around the world. -69.87.193.60 17:27, 22 March 2007 (UTC)[reply]
There seems to be a contradiction between the Capacity section saying that loads of 1000mA can reduce the energy content due to internal heating and the Current section saying that a AA battery can deliver 1000 mA without significant internal heating. Am I missing something? --Nathan24601 (talk) 20:50, 24 February 2008 (UTC)[reply]
Isn't manganese dioxide the cathode? It says the anode.. but manganese dioxide is gaining electrons and is the cathode in the battery? Am I wrong? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.88.108.79 (talk) 14:34, 2 May 2011 (UTC)[reply]
When were ordinary AA/AAA/C/D batteries first commonly sold?-69.87.203.130 (talk) 00:43, 18 June 2008 (UTC)[reply]
I noticed there is not a separate article on these, only an article on recharging standard disposable alkaline batteries. In what ways are rechargeable alkaline batteries different than disposable alkaline batteries? Obviously, other than the ability to recharge. Is the difference in the battery, or in the charger, or in both? When Rayovac released the Renewal line of rechargeable alkaline batteries in 1993 I had a suspicion they had simply created a "smart" charger that could safely recharge any alkaline battery and that the batteries themselves were nothing more than overpriced relabeled versions of their disposable line since they were packaged fully charged. I could be completely wrong on this since I was only 12 at the time and also thought connecting two 9-volt batteries together made a convenient hand warmer. I was a very lucky kid who had great success in recharging my used disposable alkaline batteries in my Ni-Cad charger. By success I mean I never hurt myself or my Game Boy, not that the recharged battery ever lasted very long.
By the way, this is my very first post in Wikipedia so I apologize if I have done so incorrectly. Rlsaine (talk) 18:40, 3 July 2008 (UTC)[reply]
It's just a stronger case and slightly different chemicals. Standard cells can be recharged safely with a smart enough charger. (Though I still wouldn't recommend it) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.142.175.21 (talk) 00:40, 20 February 2013 (UTC)[reply]
I noticed that Twinzor reverted my category removal - see this edit. However, I removed the category from the article because Category:Disposable batteries is actually a subcategory of Category:Electric batteries. Thus I was just following the categorisation editing guidelines. Point 3 suggests that "Usually, articles should not be in both a category and its subcategory." Thus I have reremoved the category, as per the guideline. - Tbsdy lives (talk) 07:19, 30 August 2008 (UTC)[reply]
There seems to be a dispute on whether "A" or "An" should be used with AA batteries. The Wikipedia article on AA battery gives Double A as the only pronounciation, altough I've certainly heard it pronounced as just A A as well. However, since the relevant article give the pronounciation double A and uses "A AA", weird as it seems, I think we should use the same style for consistency. Thoughts? — Twinzor Say hi! 18:47, 30 January 2009 (UTC)[reply]
Generally most batteries are sealed or have one-way gas vents, so it is unclear to me how the acid manages to leak out without there being another hole somewhere else for air to enter, in place of the leaking fluid. Most batteries are in plastic cases so I don't see how absorption out of the battery could be occurring.
What causes the fluid to seep out?
DMahalko (talk) 02:58, 5 April 2009 (UTC)[reply]
"potassium carbonate that grows and spreads out from the battery over time, following along metal electrodes to circuit boards where it commences oxidation of copper tracks"The article says that potassium carbonate is formed, which then reacts with the copper tracing. Can anyone provide a balanced chemical reaction for this process? Is it a redox reaction where copper is oxidized and forms copper carbonate and potassium metal? I cannot find any evidence of this reaction. Lhammer610 (talk) 16:08, 14 February 2016 (UTC)[1][reply]
Does anyone else remember these from the 90s? A little strip on the side that would glow when a button was pressed to indicate the remaining capacity. Definitely a drain on the cell as they would get hot. If anyone can come up with a source I think it would be a nice addition to the article. Btyner (talk) 14:09, 22 August 2009 (UTC)[reply]
This is not a re-naming proposal but a suggestion that more explanation is needed. The term "alkaline battery" in everyday use means a primary cell of the zinc/manganese/alkali type. However, secondary cells of the nickel/iron/alkali and nickel/cadmium/alkali types are also alkaline batteries. Can we make this clear without generating confusion? Biscuittin (talk) 19:09, 13 October 2009 (UTC)[reply]
On other articles about battery tech (like: Lithium-ion_battery and Zinc_air). There is a table about properties like energy/weight energy/size, etc. After searching through this article I was unable to find those values. If someone (including me of course) finds a good source, please add :) Dorit82 (talk) 03:41, 29 November 2009 (UTC)[reply]
The result of the proposal was consensus against move
Alkaline battery → Alkaline electrochemical cell —The electrochemical battery is simply a pair of electrochemical cells. this article deals around how this type of cell works. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.245.90.148 (talk • contribs) 11:58, 9 October 2009
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Lead-acid battery which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RFC bot 00:00, 11 October 2009 (UTC)[reply]
Quoting the battery handbook for reference:
Powdered
zinc is used for the anode to provide a large surface area for high-rate capability (that is, toreduce current density) and to distribute solid and liquid phases more homogeneously (tominimize mass-transport polarization of reactant and product).On discharge, the manganese dioxide cathode undergoes at first a one-electron reduction
to the oxyhydroxide...
(David Linden, Thomas B. Reddy (ed). Handbook Of Batteries 3rd Edition. McGraw-Hill, New York, 2002 ISBN 0-07-135978-8 Chapter 10, page 10.3-10.4 )
because I sometimes don't have it handy when I need to revert the vandals. --Wtshymanski (talk) 22:49, 9 December 2009 (UTC)[reply]
Hi, when the pottasium hydroxide is leaking out it is not forming crystals. It is reacting with CO2 from air and forms Potassium carbonate (: 2KOH + CO2 → K2CO3 + H2O ). It is also corrosive and the reaction takes some time so the pottasium hydroxide is destroying surroundings as well.
I'm not so much advanced in english so i don't want to edit directly. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.176.57.105 (talk) 18:03, 21 March 2010 (UTC)[reply]
A fresh new tag calls this "start" class. Let's look at Wikipedia:WikiProject Technology/Assessment
B-ClassThe article meets the following six criteria:
Nine references cited, most paragraphs have at least one reference except for some very general statements which are hardly controversial (bigger batteries have more capacity than smaller batteries, and the like).
It has history, chemistry, capacity, recharging and disposal sections. Each section could be somewhat expanded, but there's no major ommissions.
Duh.
Duh. "Word" just now only quarreled about a "that/which" substitution which I refuse to change merely on the advice of Word.
Infoboxes are a pox. We've got sufficient diagrams and pictures.
Duh. It's about a battery, even Wikieditors don't cry "jihad!" over batteries.
I think it should be mandatory that any drive-by tagger give us a point by point evaluation against the project's criteria. I recommend that any article class evaluations not accompanied by a point by point evaluation should be removed as pointless Wikitwiddling. We *love* tags in this project because it's so much easier to tag something than to FIX it. --Wtshymanski (talk) 16:00, 28 January 2011 (UTC)[reply]
Apparently somewhere around 1967-1971 or so, the Mallory Battery Company (now Duracell) offered an alkaline reserve battery as a consumer product. This could be kept on the shelf for years, then turning a screw in the top of the battery would break an internal electrolyte resevoir and make it ready to use. Aside from a breathless press release in a 1967 "Popular Science" I can't find much more about these; they didn't make it into the Linden battery handbook. Has anyone seen any more on this reserve battery? --Wtshymanski (talk) 18:51, 16 March 2012 (UTC)[reply]
Graph(s) would be very helpful. - Rod57 (talk) 02:07, 11 November 2014 (UTC)[reply]
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The current section about LEAKS is interesting and rather detailed, but lacks any sources. What proof is there that mixing batteries or not replacing them all at once makes leaking more likely? What would be the exact scientific cause if this is true? Is there a significant difference between different brands of alkaline batteries with regard to leaking and corrosion? There is currently a statement that all batteries will eventually leak; this seems at least somewhat misleading; many common alk batteries can often last for decades (with little or no usage) and not leak. Please add good appropriate sources to the article.-71.174.180.38 (talk) 15:17, 2 September 2016 (UTC)[reply]
Leakage cause details:
-71.174.180.38 (talk) 15:34, 2 September 2016 (UTC)[reply]
Why don't I find an explanation in the text why alkaline batteries are called alkaline? I know that a pH>7 equals alkaline, however, which part is alkaline? And is there a more accurate number that tells how alkaline it is? Does the degree of alkalinity change over time of discharge? It probably is very basic information but it is lacking. --VanBuren (talk) 11:59, 27 March 2017 (UTC)[reply]
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The "33 Ω" row and the table caption "Open circuit, zero-load voltage and voltage for a 33 Ω load (330 mW) vs capacity" are nonsense unless cell capacity or discharge rate (current/capacity) used is stated. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.209.123.250 (talk) 22:56, 23 February 2018 (UTC)[reply]
Edison didn’t invent the NiFe battery, this was invented by Jungner as well with the first patent registered in 1897 four years prior to Edison. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.233.2.6 (talk) 20:31, 17 February 2020 (UTC)[reply]
The illustration to the right is incorrect on two counts and has been removed from the article.
The Manganese dioxide takes no part in the production of electric current. It couldn't even if it wanted to because it is a complete non conductor and as such cannot conduct current into or out of the cell. All the equations are incorrect for the same reason. In any primary cell, the cathode actually takes no part in the reaction at all. It merely serves as a conductor (which manganese dioxide isn't) to allow the developed electron flow to flow back into the cell. The choice of cathode material does affect the E.M.F. of the cell because there is a potential between the cathode and the electrolyte. The manganese dioxide serves no purpose other than as a depolariser to convert the hydrogen produced at the cathode's surface into water. Indeed, if the manganese dioxide were to be removed from the cell completely, it's E.M.F. would be exactly the same, except the cell would polarise as the current would rapidly drop as the gaseous hydrogen formed at the cathode would block the current flow. This is the problem that the depolariser (manganese dioxide) is there to solve.
For some reason modern textbooks insist on combining the two separate reactions into one giving the erroneous impression that the manganese dioxide is part of the current producing reaction - it isn't.
The hydrogen oxidation reaction is separate from the electrochemical reaction and is.
2MnO2 + 2H --> Mn2O3 + H2O (Note: 2H not H2 as the hydrogen produced does not get to form a molecule before being grabbed by the MnO2)
This needs to be removed from the electrochemical equations to make them correct. 86.134.23.220 (talk) 12:21, 23 March 2021 (UTC)[reply]
I'm not sure if this is incorrect, since I don't know all that much about electrochemistry, but I was looking into alkaline batteries and found several sources[1][2][3] suggesting that MnOOH (or HxMnO2 for the last one) rather than Mn2O3 is produced at the MnO2 electrode. I can guess that MnOOH might decay into Mn2O3, but it still seems misleading to just describe Mn2O3 being formed if that isn't what's actually going on. Can someone who has a better understanding of this than I do please check this? I don't want to just edit it when I don't have a firm understanding of what's going on, especially since I also found a source claiming both that the given equation is correct and that the cathodic reaction on discharge is "not possible to describe [...] in a simple unambiguous way"[4]. CuriousEnzyme (talk) 13:06, 1 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]
negative terminal) is made of zinc powder (which allows more surface area for increased rate of reaction therefore increased electron flow) and the cathode (positive terminal) is composed of manganese dioxide." I just opened a big stack of them, the zinc is the solid outer casing, cathode. Then the manganese powder, then the carbon rod, anode button. I'm attempting to make electroluminescent & glow in the dark materials. Zinc casing dissolved in sulphuric, reduced to sulphide ==
negative terminal) is made of zinc powder (which allows more surface area for increased rate of reaction therefore increased electron flow) and the cathode (positive terminal) is composed of manganese dioxide."I just opened a big stack of them, the zinc is the solid outer casing, cathode. Then the manganese powder, then the carbon rod, anode button.
I'm attempting to make electroluminescent & glow in the dark materials. Zinc casing dissolved in sulphuric, reduced to sulphide 196.188.180.145 (talk) 21:00, 27 March 2022 (UTC)[reply]
The construction section has no citations yet makes some bold claims 2406:2D40:4092:9310:D05F:DAAD:7EC2:CD51 (talk) 09:37, 23 April 2024 (UTC)[reply]