Template:Infobox polonium

Polonium, 84Po
Polonium
Pronunciation/pəˈlniəm/ (pə-LOH-nee-əm)
Allotropesα, β
Appearancesilvery
Mass number[209]
Polonium in the periodic table
HydrogenHelium
LithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon
SodiumMagnesiumAluminiumSiliconPhosphorusSulfurChlorineArgon
PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton
RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon
CaesiumBariumLanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumLutetiumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercury (element)ThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon
FranciumRadiumActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrenciumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumNihoniumFleroviumMoscoviumLivermoriumTennessineOganesson
Te

Po

Lv
bismuthpoloniumastatine
Atomic number (Z)84
Groupgroup 16 (chalcogens)
Periodperiod 6
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 6
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point527 K ​(254 °C, ​489 °F)
Boiling point1235 K ​(962 °C, ​1764 °F)
Density (near r.t.)α-Po: 9.196 g/cm3
β-Po: 9.398 g/cm3
Heat of fusionca. 13 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization102.91 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity26.4 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)(846)10031236
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, +2, +4, +5,[1] +6 (an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.0
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 812.1 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 168 pm
Covalent radius140±4 pm
Van der Waals radius197 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of polonium
Other properties
Natural occurrencefrom decay
Crystal structurecubic
Cubic crystal structure for polonium

α-Po
Crystal structurerhombohedral
Rhombohedral crystal structure for polonium

β-Po
Thermal expansion23.5 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity20 W/(m⋅K) (?)
Electrical resistivityα-Po: 0.40 µΩ⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic orderingnonmagnetic
CAS Number7440-08-6
History
Namingafter Polonia, Latin for Poland, homeland of Marie Curie
DiscoveryPierre and Marie Curie (1898)
First isolationWilly Marckwald (1902)
Isotopes of polonium
Main isotopes[2]Decay
abun­dancehalf-life (t1/2)modepro­duct
208Posynth2.898 yα204Pb
β+208Bi
209Posynth124 yα205Pb
β+209Bi
210Potrace138.376 dα206Pb
 Category: Polonium
| references
Po · Polonium
Bi ←

ibox Bi

iso
84
Po  [e]
IB-Po [e]
IBisos [e]
→ At

ibox At

indexes by PT (page)
child table, as reused in {IB-Po}
Main isotopes of polonium
Main isotopes[2]Decay
abun­dancehalf-life (t1/2)modepro­duct
208Posynth2.898 yα204Pb
β+208Bi
209Posynth124 yα205Pb
β+209Bi
210Potrace138.376 dα206Pb
Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01)
See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (45) · (this table: )

References