New York Times
The New York Times (NYT ko NY Times) Kamfani jarida ce na Kasar Amurka, wacce take kuma wallafa jaridu a kullum, suna da babban ofishin su a New York, kuma suna da masu karanta jaridar su a duk fadin duniya. [1] [2] An kafa kamfanin ne a cikin shekarar alif 1851, New York Times tun a lokacin da ta ci wani Kyauta mai suna Pulitzer 130, wato kyauta ce na wacce tafi kowanne gidan jarida, [3] kuma an daɗe ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin babban masana'antar gidan jarida na kasar Amurka " jaridar rikodin ƙasa ". gidan jaridan na daga cikin gidan jaridu 18 a duniya wadanda suka fi kowanne yawan zagaya duniya, kuma na 3 a kasar Amurka
Takardar mallakar kamfanin New York Times ne, wanda ake tallatawa a bainar jama'a. Iyalin Sulzberger ne ke mulkar ta tun daga 1896, ta hanyar tsarin raba aji biyu bayan hannayen jarin sun zama suna kasuwanci. [4] AG Sulzberger da ubansa, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr., wato takarda ta m da kamfanin ta shugaban, bi da bi-ne hudu da na biyar ƙarni na iyali ya shugabanci da takarda.
Tun daga tsakiyar shekara ta 1970, The New York Times ta faɗaɗa shimfidawa da tsara ta, tana ƙara ɓangarori na musamman na mako-mako kan batutuwa daban-daban da ke ba da labarai na yau da kullun, editoci, wasanni, da fasali. Tun daga shekara ta 2008, [5] an tsara Times zuwa ɓangarori masu zuwa: Labarai, Edita / Ra'ayoyi - Ginshikai / Op-Ed, New York (birni), Kasuwanci, Wasanni, Arts, Kimiyya, Salon, Gida, Balaguro, da sauran su fasali. A ranakun Lahadi, ana kara Times ta hanyar Binciken Lahadi (wanda a da yake Sati a Dubawa ), [6] Binciken Littafin New York Times,The New York Times Magazine, [7] da T: The New York Times Style Magazine .
The Times zauna tare da broadsheet cikakken shafi sa-up da wani takwas shafi format for shekaru da dama bayan mafi takardunku switched zuwa shida, [8], kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin na karshe jaridu ya dauko launi daukar hoto, musamman a kan gaban page. Takardar takardar, "Duk Labaran da ke Fitarwa don Bugawa", ya bayyana a cikin kusurwar hagu na sama na shafin gaba.
Tarihi
The New York Times da aka kafa a matsayin New-York Daily Times a kan Satumba 18, 1851. [lower-alpha 1] kafa ta dan jarida kuma dan siyasa Henry Jarvis Raymond kuma tsohon ma'aikacin banki George Jones, da Times aka farko da aka buga da Raymond, Jones & Company . Masu saka hannun jari na farko a kamfanin sun hada da Edwin B. Morgan, [10] Christopher Morgan, [11] da Edward B. Wesley. [12] An siyar da dinari (daidai da 31 a yau) , bugun farko ya yi ƙoƙari don magance jita-jita iri-iri game da ma'anarsa da matsayin da ya gabata kafin fitowar shi: [13]
A cikin 1852, jaridar ta fara wani yanki na yamma, The Times of California, wanda ke zuwa duk lokacin da jirgin jirgin daga New York ya sauka a California . Koyaya, ƙoƙarin bai yi nasara ba da zarar jaridun Kalifoniya na cikin gari sun yi suna.
A ranar 14 ga Satumba, 1857, jaridar a hukumance ta taqaita sunanta zuwa The New-York Times . An cire jigon sunan birni a ranar 1 ga Disamba, 1896. [14] A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1861, The New York Times ta fara buga fitowar Lahadi don bayar da labaran Yakin Basasa kowace rana. Ofaya daga cikin rikice-rikicen farko na jama'a da ya ƙunsa shine Mortara Affair, batun batun editoci ashirin a cikin Times kawai. [15]
An kai hari kan babban ofishin jaridar The New York Times a yayin da ake tsara tarzomar birnin New York . Tarzomar, wacce aka kafa ta wani daftarin aiki ga Armyungiyar Soja, ta fara ne a ranar 13 ga Yulin 1863. A kan '' Jaridar Jarida '', daga hayin City Hall, wanda ya kirkiro Henry Raymond ya dakatar da masu tarzomar da bindigogin Gatling, manyan bindigogi na farko, daya daga cikinsu ya shirya kansa. 'Yan zanga-zangar sun karkatar da akalar, maimakon haka suka afkawa hedkwatar mawallafin soke-soke Horace Greeley na New York Tribune har sai da ' yan sanda na Brooklyn City suka tilasta shi gudu, wadanda suka tsallaka Kogin Gabas don taimaka wa hukumomin Manhattan. [16] A 1869, Henry Raymond ya mutu, kuma George Jones ya ɗauki matsayin mai bugawa. [17] Tasirin jaridar ya karu a 1870 da 1871, lokacin da ta buga jerin bayanai kan William Tweed, shugaban jam'iyyar Democrat ta garin - wanda aka fi sani da " Tammany Hall " (daga hedkwatar taronta na farkon karni na 19) - wanda ya kai ga ƙarshen mamayar Tweed Ring na Gidan Majalissar Birnin New York. Tweed ya miƙa wa New York Times dala miliyan biyar (daidai da 107 dala miliyan a [18]
Zamani
The New York Times ya sauya zuwa tsarin samar da dijital wani lokaci kafin 1980, amma kawai ya fara adana sakamakon dijital da aka samu a waccan shekarar. A cikin 1983, Times ta sayar da haƙƙin lantarki zuwa labaran ta ga LexisNexis . Yayinda rarraba labarai ta yanar gizo ya karu a cikin 1990s, Times ta yanke shawarar kin sabunta yarjejeniyar kuma a cikin 1994 jaridar ta sake samun haƙƙin lantarki akan labaran ta. [19] A 22 ga Janairu, 1996, NYTimes.com ta fara buga littattafai.
2000s
A watan Satumba na 2008, The New York Times ta ba da sanarwar cewa za ta haɗu da wasu sassan da za su fara daga ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 2008, a cikin bugu da aka buga a cikin babban birni na New York. Canje-canjen sun nade Sashen Metro zuwa babban sashen labarai na kasa da kasa da Hadaddiyar Wasanni da Kasuwanci (ban da Asabar zuwa Litinin, yayin da Wasanni ke ci gaba da bugawa a matsayin wani bangare na daban). Wannan canjin ya haɗa da samun sunan sashin Metro da ake kira New York a waje da Yankin -asar. Jaridun da The New York Times suka yi amfani da su na iya ba da izinin sassan huɗu a buga su a lokaci ɗaya; kamar yadda takarda ta haɗa da sassa sama da huɗu a duk ranakun ban da Asabar, ana buƙatar buga sassan daban a cikin aikin manema labarai na farko da haɗuwa tare. Sauye-sauyen sun ba The New York Times damar bugawa a sassa hudu Litinin zuwa Laraba, ban da Asabar. The New York Times ' ta bayyana cewa, yawan labarai shafukan da ma'aikaci matsayi zai zama canzawa, tare da takardar farga kudin ajiyar banki da yankan ƙarin aiki bayan kudi. [20]
A cikin 2009, jaridar ta fara samar da abubuwan da ake sakawa a cikin yankuna a wajen yankin New York. Farawa ga Oktoba 16, 2009, an saka shafuka masu suna "Bay Area" mai shafuka biyu zuwa kwafin bugun Arewacin California a ranakun Juma'a da Lahadi. Jaridar ta fara samar da irin wannan Juma'a da Lahadi don bugawa a Chicago a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 2009. Abubuwan da aka saka sun kunshi labarai na gida, siyasa, wasanni, da al'adun gargajiya, galibi tallan gida ne ke tallafawa.
2010s
A cikin 2016, rahotanni sun nuna cewa 'yan jarida na jaridar sun kasance makasudin cin zarafin yanar gizo. Rahotanni sun ce Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya na binciken hare-haren. An bayyana keta haddin yanar gizo da cewa mai yiwuwa yana da alaka da hare-haren da ake kaiwa kan wasu cibiyoyi, kamar Kwamitin Kasa na Demokradiyya . [21]
A lokacin zaben shugaban kasa na 2016, Times ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daukaka Hillary Clinton ta imel na takaddama a cikin mafi mahimmancin batun yada labarai a cikin zaben wanda Clinton za ta sha kashi kadan da Donald Trump. Rikicin ya samu labarin kafafen yada labarai fiye da kowane batun yayin yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa. [22] [23] Clinton da sauran masu sa ido suna jayayya cewa yada rikice-rikicen imel ya taimaka wajen faduwarta a zaben. A cewar binciken nazarin aikin jarida na Columbia, " a cikin kwanaki shida kawai, The New York Times ta gudanar da labarai da yawa game da imel din Hillary Clinton kamar yadda suka yi game da dukkan batutuwan siyasa da aka hada a cikin kwanaki 69 kafin zaben (kuma hakan bai hada da ƙarin labaran guda uku a ranar 18 ga Oktoba, da Nuwamba 6 da 7, ko kuma labarai biyu kan imel ɗin da aka karɓa daga John Podesta). " [24]
