Biogeografische opdeling van West-Australië
De biogeografische opdeling van West-Australië handelt over de opdeling, in het kader van de studie van de fauna en flora, van het vasteland van West-Australië.
De drie meest gebruikte opdelingen zijn de Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA), de biomen en ecoregio's van het WWF en de "natuurlijke regio's" van John Stanley Beard. De grenzen van de IBRA-regio's en Beards natuurlijke regio's lopen dikwijls gelijk vermits de IBRA-regio's gebaseerd zijn op het vroege fytogeografische werk van Beard.[1]
De IBRA-regio's
De Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA) is een biogeografische opdeling van Australië, ontwikkeld door het departement van milieu en energie van de federale Australische overheid. Het werd ontwikkeld als een planningsinstrument, om bijvoorbeeld het systeem van nationale natuurreservaten uit te tekenen. Australië wordt opgedeeld in 89 bioregio's waarvan er 26 geheel of gedeeltelijk in West-Australië liggen.[2]
| IBRA regio's en subregio's volgens IBRA 7 [noot 1] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IBRA regio en subregio's | IBRA code | oppervlakte | staat | locatie |
| Avon Wheatbelt | AVW | 9.517.104 hectare | WA |  |
| Merredin | AVW01 | 6.524.175 ha | ||
| Katanning | AVW02 | 2.992.929 ha | ||
| Carnarvon | CAR | 8.430.172 hectare | WA |  |
| Cape Range | CAR01 | 2.380.498 ha | ||
| Wooramel | CAR02 | 6.049.674 ha | ||
| Central Kimberley | CEK | 7.675.587 hectare | WA |  |
| Pentecost | CEK01 | 4.397.260 ha | ||
| Hart | CEK02 | 2.324.667 ha | ||
| Mount Eliza (Kimberley) | CEK03 | 953.661 ha | ||
| Central Ranges | CER | 10.164.044 hectare | WA, NT, SA |  |
| Mann-Musgrave Block | CER01 | 9.214.685 ha | ||
| Wataru | CER02 | 423.360 ha | ||
| Everard Block | CER03 | 525.998 ha | ||
| Coolgardie | COO | 12.912.209 hectare | WA |  |
| Mardabilla | COO01 | 1.843.125 ha | ||
| Southern Cross | COO02 | 6.010.838 ha | ||
| Eastern Goldfields | COO03 | 5.058.246 ha | ||
| Dampierland | DAL | 8.360.871 hectare | WA |  |
| Fitzroy Trough | DAL01 | 3.432.084 ha | ||
| Pindanland | DAL02 | 4.928.787 ha | ||
| Esperance Plains | ESP | 2.921.327 hectare | WA |  |
| Fitzgerald | ESP01 | 1.577.938 ha | ||
| Recherche | ESP02 | 1.343.390 ha | ||
| Gascoyne | GAS | 18.075.257 hectare | WA |  |
| Ashburton | GAS01 | 3.687.030 ha | ||
| Carnegie | GAS02 | 4.718.656 ha | ||
| Augustus | GAS03 | 9.669.571 ha | ||
| Geraldton Sandplains | GES | 3.142.149 hectare | WA |  |
| Geraldton Hills | GES01 | 1.969.997 ha | ||
| Leseur Sandplain | GES02 | 1.172.152 ha | ||
| Gibson Desert | GID | 15.628.918 hectare | WA |  |
| Lateritic Plain | GID01 | 12.714.805 ha | ||
| Dune Field | GID02 | 2.914.114 ha | ||
| Great Sandy Desert | GSD | 39.486.135 hectare | NT, WA |  |
| McLarty | GSD01 | 12.316.754 ha | ||
| Mackay | GSD02 | 25.698.395 ha | ||
| Ehrenberg | GSD03 | 375.668 ha | ||
| Amedeus | GSD04 | 722.845 ha | ||
| Lake Bennet | GSD05 | 289.541 ha | ||
| Lake Lewis | GSD06 | 82.932 ha | ||
| Great Victoria Desert | GVD | 42.246.564 hectare | SA, WA |  |
| Shield | GVD01 | 4.741.854 ha | ||
| Central | GVD02 | 12.590.867 ha | ||
| Maralinga | GVD03 | 11.460.762 ha | ||
| Kintore | GVD04 | 4.961.542 ha | ||
| Tallaringa | GVD05 | 3.663.149 ha | ||
| Yellabinna | GVD06 | 4.828.389 ha | ||
| Hampton | HAM | 1.088.198 hectare | WA |  |
| Hampton | HAM01 | |||
| Jarrah Forest | JAF | 4.509.074 hectare | WA |  |
| Northern Jarrah Forest | JAF01 | 1.898.799 ha | ||
| Southern Jarrah Forest | JAF02 | 2.610.275 ha | ||
| Little Sandy Desert | LSD | 11.089.857 hectare | WA |  |
| Rudall | LSD01 | 991.277 ha | ||
| Trainor | LSD02 | 10.098.580 ha | ||
| Mallee | MAL | 7.397.559 hectare | WA |  |
| Eastern Mallee | MAL01 | 3.415.839 ha | ||
| Western Mallee | MAL02 | 3.981.720 ha | ||
| Murchison | MUR | 28.120.554 hectare | WA |  |
| Eastern Murchison | MUR01 | 21.135.040 ha | ||
| Western Murchison | MUR02 | 6.985.514 ha | ||
| Northern Kimberley | NOK | 8.420.100 hectare | WA |  |
| Mitchell | NOK01 | 5.970.915 ha | ||
| Berkeley | NOK02 | 2.449.185 ha | ||
| Nullarbor | NUL | 19.722.774 hectare | SA, WA |  |
| Carlisle | NUL01 | 5.788.547 ha | ||
| Nullarbor Plain | NUL02 | 12.785.260 ha | ||
| Yalata | NUL03 | 1.148.966 ha | ||
| Ord Victoria Plain | OVP | 12.540.703 hectare | NT, WA |  |
| Purnululu | OVP01 | 3.233.873 ha | ||
| South Kimberley Interzone | OVP02 | 7.728.296 ha | ||
| Gregory | OVP03 | 74.982 ha | ||
| Camfield | OVP04 | 828.712 ha | ||
| Pilbara | PIL | 17.823.126 hectare | WA |  |
| Chichester | PIL01 | 8.374.728 ha | ||
| Fortescue | PIL02 | 1.951.435 ha | ||
| Hamersley | PIL03 | 5.634.727 ha | ||
| Roebourne | PIL04 | 1.862.236 ha | ||
| Swan Coastal Plain | SWA | 1.525.798 hectare | WA |  |
| Dandarragan Plateau | SWA01 | 383.465 ha | ||
| Perth | SWA02 | 1.142.334 ha | ||
| Tanami | TAN | 25.997.277 hectare | NT, WA |  |
| Tanami Desert | TAN01 | 20.769.151 ha | ||
| Wycliffe | TAN02 | 1.600.893 ha | ||
| Sandover | TAN03 | 3.627.233 ha | ||
| Victoria Bonaparte | VIB | 7.301.242 hectare | NT, WA |  |
| Keep | VIB01 | 6.441.592 ha | ||
| Hermit Creek | VIB02 | 170.646 ha | ||
| Angalarri | VIB03 | 689.004 ha | ||
| Warren | WAR | 844.771 hectare | WA |  |
| Warren | WAR01 | |||
| Yalgoo | YAL | 5.087.577 hectare | WA |  |
| Edel | YAL01 | 1.588.634 ha | ||
| Tallering | YAL02 | 3.498.943 ha | ||
De biomen en ecoregio's van het WWF
Het WWF deelt het landoppervlak van de aarde in 14 biomen op. De biomen worden verder opgedeeld in 867 ecoregio's. In West-Australië zijn 3 biomen en 16 ecoregio's geheel of gedeeltelijk terug te vinden.[3]
| Biomen en ecoregio's in West-Australië | ||
|---|---|---|
| Bioom | Ecoregio | Staat |
| Tropisch of subtropisch grasland, savanne of struweel | Kimberley tropical savanna | WA |
| Victoria Plains tropical savanna | NT, WA | |
| Mediterrane bossen, bosland en struwelen | Coolgardie woodlands | WA |
| Esperance mallee | WA | |
| Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands | WA | |
| Kwongan heathlands | WA | |
| Southwest Australia savanna | WA | |
| Southwest Australia woodlands | WA | |
| Woestijnen en droge struwelen | Carnarvon xeric shrublands | WA |
| Central Ranges xeric scrub | NT, SA, WA | |
| Gibson Desert | WA | |
| Great Sandy - Tanami Desert | WA - NT, WA | |
| Great Victoria Desert | SA, WA | |
| Nullarbor Plain xeric shrublands | SA, WA | |
| Pilbara shrublands | WA | |
| Western Australian mulga shrublands | WA | |
Natuurlijke regio's
In 1904 deelde Ludwig Diels West-Australië op in een Eremaean Province en een South-West Province, die hij dan verder onderverdeelde. Charles Gardner voegde in 1944 de Northern Province toe en verfijnde het model. Daarna werkte John S. Beard aan het model. Van zijn hand verscheen in 1990 Plant Life of Western Australian. Beard deelde West-Australië ook op in drie provincies, de Eremaean Province, Eremaean Province en de Southwest Province. Tussen de Eremaean Province en de Southwest Province ligt de Southwestern Interzone. De provincies zijn verder opgedeeld in regio's en subregio's. In onderstaande tabel vindt men de provincies, regio's en subregio's en hun grootte terug.[noot 2][4]
| Northern Province | 12,57% van het West-Australische grondgebied | km² | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Kimberley Region (1) | (Gardner Botanical District) | 99.100 | ||
| Central Kimberley Region (2) | (Fitzgerald Botanical District) | 83.330 | ||
| Dampierland (3) | (Dampier Botanical District) | 84.400 | ||
| East Kimberley Region (4) | (Hall Botanical District) | 50.510 | ||
| 317.340 | ||||
| Eremaean Province | 70,16% van het West-Australische grondgebied | |||
| Murchison Region (5) | (Austin Botanical District) | 316.239 | ||
| Gascoyne Region (6) | (Ashburton Botanical District) | 181.453 | ||
| Pilbara Region (7) | (Fortescue Botanical District) | 178.017 | ||
| Carnarvon Region (8) | (Carnarvon Botanical District) | 91.046 | ||
| Great Sandy Desert (9) | (Canning Botanical District) | 291.017 | ||
| Tanami Desert (10) | (Mueller Botanical District) | 35.192 | ||
| Little Sandy Dessert (11) | (Keartland Botanical District) | 110.314 | ||
| Gibson Desert (12) | (Carnegie Botanical District) | 149.784 | ||
| Central Ranges (13) | (Giles Botanical District) | 60.788 | ||
| Great Victoria Desert (14) | (Helms Botanical District) | 209.206 | ||
| Nullabor Region (15) | (Eucla Botanical District) | 148.764 | ||
| 1.771.820 | ||||
| Southwest Province | 12,27% van het West-Australische grondgebied | |||
| Southwest Forest Region | (Darling Botanical District) | |||
| * Swan Coastal Plain (16) | (Drummond Subdistrict) | 14.637 | ||
| * Northern Jarrah Forest (17) | (Dale Subdistrict) | 19.473 | ||
| * Southern Jarrah Forest (18) | (Menzies Subdistrict) | 26.572 | ||
| * Karri Forrest Subregion (19) | (Warren Subdistrict) | 8.323 | 69.005 | |
| Northern Sandplains (20) | (Irwin Botanical District) | 39.656 | ||
| Wheat Belt Region (21) | (Avon Botanical District) | 93.520 | ||
| Mallee Region (22) | (Roe Botanical District) | 78.957 | ||
| Esperance Region (23) | (Eyre Botanical District) | 28.702 | ||
| 309.840 | ||||
| Southwestern Interzone | 5% van het West-Australische grondgebied | |||
| (Coolgardie Botanical District) | 126.500 | |||
| 126.500 | ||||
| West-Australië | 2.525.500 | |||