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Formaldehyde

Formaldehyde is a naiturally occurring organic compoond wi the formula CH2O (H-CHO). It is the simplest o the aldehydes (R-CHO) an is an aa kent bi its seestematic name methanal. The common name o this substance comes frae its seemilarity an relation tae formic acid.

Formaldehyde
Skeletal fomula o formaldehyde wi explicit hydrogens addit
Skeletal fomula o formaldehyde wi explicit hydrogens addit
Spacefill model o formaldehyde
Spacefill model o formaldehyde
Baw an stick model o formaldehyde
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Formaldehyde[1]
Seestematic IUPAC name
Methanal[1]
Ither names
Methyl aldehyde
Methylene glycol
Methylene oxide
Formalin (aqueous solution)
Formol
Carbonyl hydride
Identifiers
CAS Nummer
3D model (JSmol)
3DMetB00018
Beilstein Reference
1209228
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
EC Nummer200-001-8
Gmelin Reference445
IUPHAR/BPS
KEGG
MeSHFormaldehyde
RTECS nummerLP8925000
UNII
UN nummer2209
Properties[6]
CH2O
Molar mass30.03 g·mol−1
AppearanceColorless gas
Density0.8153 g/cm3 (−20 °C)[2]
Meltin pynt −92 °C (−134 °F; 181 K)
Bylin pynt −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K)[2]
Solubility in watter
400 g dm−3
log P0.350
Vapour pressur< 1 atm[3]
Acidity (pKa)13.27 [4][5]
Magnetic susceptibility-18.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Dipole moment
2.33 D
Structur
Pynt groupC2v
Molecular shapeTrigonal planar
Pharmacology
ATCvet code
QP53AX19 (WHO)
Hazards
Safety data sheetMSDS
EU clessificationToxic (T)
Corrosive (C)
Carc. Cat. 1
R-phrasesR23/24/25 R34 R43 R45
S-phrases(S1/2) S26 S36/37/39 S45 S51 S53 S60
NFPA 704
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondFlammability code 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressur an temperatur, or is readily dispersed in air an will burn readily. Flash pynt ablo 23 °C (73 °F). E.g., propaneHealth code 3: Short exposur could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gasReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even unner fire exposur condeetions, an is nae reactive wi watter. E.g., liquid nitrogenSpecial hazard COR: Corrosive; strang acid or base. E.g., sulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide
4
3
0
COR
Flash pynt 64 °C (147 °F; 337 K)
Autoigneetion
temperatur
 430 °C (806 °F; 703 K)
Explosive leemits7–73%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (Median dose)
100 mg/kg (oral, rat)[9]
LC50 (Median concentration)
333 ppm (moose, 2 hr)
815 ppm (rat, 30 min)[10]
LCLo (Lawest published)
333 ppm (cat, 2 hr)[10]
US heal exposur leemits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 0.75 ppm ST 2 ppm (as formaldehyde an formalin)[7][8]
REL (Recommendit)
Ca TWA 0.016 ppm C 0.1 ppm [15-minute][7]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
Ca [20 ppm][7]
Relatit compoonds
Relatit aldehydes
Acetaldehyde

Butyraldehyde
Decanal
Heptanal
Hexanal
Nonanal
Octadecanal
Octanal
Pentanal
Propionaldehyde

Relatit compoonds
methanol
formic acid
Except whaur itherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thair staundart state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

References

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