Thành viên:Greenknight dv/Catholic Church in Vietnam
The Catholic Church in Vietnam is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of bishops in Vietnam who are in communion with the pope in Rome. Catholicism was introduced to Vietnam in the 16th century and firmly established by Portuguese and Italian missionaries of the Jesuit Order in the early 17th century.[1]
This foundation was upheld by the French Paris Foreign Missions Society and the Spanish Dominican Order. The first Vietnamese priests were ordained in 1668, and the first Vietnamese bishops were appointed in the 1930s. In 1960, the Vietnamese Hierarchy was formally established. Once known as the eldest daughter of the Church in the Far East, Vietnam currently has approximately 7 million Catholics.
Missions in Cochinchina and Tonkin
Early encounters, pre-1615
Padroado and Jesuits, from 1615
Apostolic vicariates, from 1664
Diverse & dynamic Catholicism
Late feudal wars, 1770s–1802
Mid Modern periods
Early Nguyễn dynasty, 1802–1858
- Toleration of Christians
- Persecution of Christians
French conquest of Vietnam, 1858–1887
- Anti-Christian massacres
French Indochina, 1887–1945
- Emergence of a national church
Intense decade of 1945–1954
Vietnam divided, 1954–1975
- 1954–1955 Great Migration
Catholics in North Vietnam
Catholics in South Vietnam
Vietnam since 1975
Bao cấp
Đổi mới
Present time
Church–State relations
Overseas communities
Cultural and intellectual contributions of Vietnamese Catholicism
References
Bibliography
Monographs
- Ramsay, Jacob (2008). Mandarins and Martyrs: The Church and the Nguyen Dynasty in Early Nineteenth-Century Vietnam. Stanford University Press. doi:10.11126/stanford/9780804756518.001.0001. ISBN 9780804756518.
- Keith, Charles (2012). Catholic Vietnam: A Church from Empire to Nation. University of California Press. doi:10.1525/california/9780520272477.001.0001. ISBN 9780520272477.
- Mantienne, Frédéric (2012). Pierre Pigneaux: Évêque d’Adran et mandarin de Cochinchine (1741–1799). Les Indes savantes. ISBN 9782846542883.
- Dutton, George E. (2016). A Vietnamese Moses: Philiphê Bỉnh and the Geographies of Early Modern Catholicism. University of California Press. doi:10.1525/luminos.22. ISBN 9780520293434.
- Tran, Anh Q. (2017). Gods, Heroes, and Ancestors: An Interreligious Encounter in Eighteenth-Century Vietnam. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780190677602.001.0001. ISBN 9780190677602.
- Tran, Anh Q. (2018). “The Historiography of the Jesuits in Vietnam: 1615–1773 and 1957–2007”. Jesuit Historiography Online. Brill. doi:10.1163/2468-7723_jho_COM_210470.
Doctoral theses:
Book chapters
Journal articles
Supplementaries
- Comparative history
- General history
- Miscellaneous
Critical primary sources: