1819 in Germany

Kingdoms

• Kingdom of Prussia
  • Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)^[1]
• Kingdom of Bavaria
  • Maximilian I (1 January 1806 – 13 October 1825)
• Kingdom of Saxony
  • Frederick Augustus I (20 December 1806 – 5 May 1827)
• Kingdom of Hanover
  • George III (25 October 1760 –29 January 1820)
• Kingdom of Württemberg
  • William (30 October 1816 – 25 June 1864)

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Baden
  • Louis I (8 December 1818 – 30 March 1830)^[2]
• Grand Duke of Hesse
  • Louis I (14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830)^[2]
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
  • Frederick Francis I– (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)^[2]
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  • George (6 November 1816 – 6 September 1860)^[3]
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg
  • Wilhelm (6 July 1785 –2 July 1823 ) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.^[4]
  • Peter I (2 July 1823 - 21 May 1829)^[4]
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
  • Charles Frederick (14 June 1828 - 8 July 1853)

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe
  • George William (13 February 1787 - 1860)
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  • Friedrich Günther (28 April 1807 - 28 June 1867)^[5]
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  • Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 - 19 August 1835)
• Principality of Lippe
  • Leopold II (5 November 1802 - 1 January 1851)^[6]
• Principality of Reuss-Greiz
  • Heinrich XIX (29 January 1817 - 31 October 1836)^[7]
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
  • George II (9 September 1813 - 15 May 1845)

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
  • Leopold IV (9 August 1817 - 22 May 1871)^[8]
• Duke of Brunswick
  • Charles II (16 June 1815 – 9 September 1830)^[9]
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
  • Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick^[2]
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
  • Ernest I (9 December 1806 – 12 November 1826)^[10]
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
  • Bernhard II (24 December 1803–20 September 1866)^[11]
• Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  • Frederick William (25 March 1816 – 6 July 1825)^[12]

• 23 March – In Mannheim, Duchy of Baden, German dramatist August von Kotzebue is assassinated by Karl Ludwig Sand.^[13]
• 1 July – German astronomer Johann Georg Tralles discovers what will be called the Great Comet of 1819
• 20 September – Carlsbad Decrees are issued throughout the German Confederation

• • E. T. A. Hoffmann
    • The Life and Opinions of the Tomcat Murr
    • Das Fräulein von Scuderi: Erzählung aus dem Zeitalter Ludwig des Vierzehnten (novella published in Taschenbuch für das Jahr 1820)
• Joseph von Eichendorff – Das Marmorbild
• Arthur Schopenhauer – The World as Will and Representation
• Jacob Grimm – Deutsche Grammatik

• 8 January - Mary Frances Schervier, Germane founder of two religious congregations of Religious Sisters of the Third Order Regular of St. Francis, (died 1876)
• 10 January – Karl Heine, German lawyer and entrepreneur (died 1888)
• 8 February – Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Jordan, German writer and politician (died 1904)
• 10 February – Albert Schwegler, German philosopher and Protestant theologian. (died 1857)
• 11 February – Ottilie Assing, German feminist, freethinker, and abolitionist. (died 1884)
• 17 February
  • Philipp Jaffé, German historian and philologist (died 1870)
  • Max Schneckenburger, German writer (died 1849)
• 20 February – Ludwig Simon, German lawyer and politician (died 1872)
• 22 February – Adolph Douai, German-American socialist and abolitionist newspaper editor, journalist and teacher (died 1888)
• 25 February – Peter Friedhofen, German Roman Catholic professed religious and the founder of the Brothers of Mercy of Mary Help of Christians (died 1860)
• 1 March – Heinrich Adolf von Bardeleben, German surgeon (died 1895)
• 24 March – Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs, German pathologist (died 1889)
• 26 March – Louise Otto-Peters, German women's rights movement activist (died 1895)
• 31 March – Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Chancellor of Germany (died 1901)
• 11 April – Charles Hallé, German pianist and conductor (died 1895)
• 24 April – Klaus Groth, German poet (died 1899)
• 2 May – Gustav Becker, German clockmaker (died 1885)
• 7 May – Otto Wilhelm von Struve, German-Baltic astronomer (died 1905)
• 27 May – George V of Hanover, German monarch of kingdom Hannover (died 1878)
• 17 June – Albert Dulk, German writer (died 1884)
• 20 June – Jacques Offenbach, German composer (died 1880)
• 22 June – August Wöhler, German railway engineer (died 1914)
• 3 July – Théodore Gouvy, German composer (died 1898)
• 6 July – Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke, German physician and physiologist (died 1892)
• 16 July – Siegfried Heinrich Aronhold, German mathematician (died 1884)
• 20 July – Heinrich Bernhard Oppenheim, German publicist and philosopher (died 1880)
• 12 August – Johann Georg Ludwig Hesekiel, German writer (died 1874)
• 22 August – Johann Nepomuk Brischar, German Roman Catholic church historian (died 1897)
• 26 August – Prince Albert, Prince Consort to Queen Victoria (died 1861)
• 13 September – Clara Schumann, German composer and pianist (died 1896)
• 22 September – Wilhelm Wattenbach, German historian (died 1897)
• 16 October – Arnold Schaefer, German historian (died 1883)
• 17 October – Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, German sovereign (died 1904)
• 25 October – Christian August Friedrich Garcke, German botanist (died 1904)
• 12 November – Daniel Sanders, German lexicographer (died 1897)
• 16 November – Wilhelm Marr, German journalist (died 1904)
• 1 December – Philipp Krementz, German catholic bishop (died 1899)
• 22 December – Franz Abt, German composer and choral conductor (died 1885)
• 23 December – Carl Siegmund Franz Credé, German gynecologist and obstetrician (died 1892)
• 26 December – Hermann Blumenau, German pharmacist (died 1899)
• 30 December – Theodor Fontane, German writer (died 1898)^[14]

• 12 January – Benedikte Naubert, German writer (born 1752)
• 28 January – Johann Karl Wezel, German poet (born 1747)
• 10 March – Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, German philosopher (born 1743)^[15]
• 23 March – August von Kotzebue, German dramatist (born 1761)^[13]
• 30 June – Ernst Ludwig Gerber, German composer (born 1746)
• 20 July – Xaver Hohenleiter, German criminal (born 1788)
• 29 July – Karl Friedrich Gottlob Wetzel, German writer (born 1779)
• 12 September – Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Prussian general (born 1742)
• 20 October – Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand Solger, German philosopher (born 1780)
• 5 December – Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg, German poet (born 1750)