1818 in Germany

Kingdoms

• Kingdom of Prussia
  • Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)^[1]
• Kingdom of Bavaria
  • Maximilian I (1 January 1806 – 13 October 1825)
• Kingdom of Saxony
  • Frederick Augustus I (20 December 1806 – 5 May 1827)
• Kingdom of Hanover
  • George III (25 October 1760 –29 January 1820)
• Kingdom of Württemberg
  • William (30 October 1816 – 25 June 1864)

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Baden
  • Charles 10 June 1811 – 8 December 1818^[2]
  • Louis I (8 December 1818 – 30 March 1830)^[3]
• Grand Duke of Hesse
  • Louis I (14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830)^[3]
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
  • Frederick Francis I– (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)^[3]
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  • George (6 November 1816 – 6 September 1860)^[4]
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg
  • Wilhelm (6 July 1785 –2 July 1823 ) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.^[5]
  • Peter I (2 July 1823 - 21 May 1829)^[5]
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
  • Charles Frederick (14 June 1828 - 8 July 1853)

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe
  • George William (13 February 1787 - 1860)
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  • Friedrich Günther (28 April 1807 - 28 June 1867)^[6]
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  • Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 - 19 August 1835)
• Principality of Lippe
  • Leopold II (5 November 1802 - 1 January 1851)^[7]
• Principality of Reuss-Greiz
  • Heinrich XIX (29 January 1817 - 31 October 1836)^[8]
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
  • George II (9 September 1813 - 15 May 1845)

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
  • Leopold IV (9 August 1817 - 22 May 1871)^[9]
• Duke of Brunswick
  • Charles II (16 June 1815 – 9 September 1830)^[10]
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
  • Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick^[3]
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
  • Ernest I (9 December 1806 – 12 November 1826)^[11]
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
  • Bernhard II (24 December 1803–20 September 1866)^[12]
• Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  • Frederick William (25 March 1816 – 6 July 1825)^[13]

• 12 January - The Dandy horse (Laufmaschine bicycle) was invented by Karl Drais in Mannheim.^[14]
• The University of Hohenheim located in the south of Stuttgart, Germany is founded.
• The Städel, officially the Städelsches Kunstinstitut und Städtische Galerie, an art museum in Frankfurt, is founded.
• Akademisches Kunstmuseum, an art museum in Bonn, is founded.

• 8 April – August Wilhelm von Hofmann, German chemist (d. 1892)
• 5 May – Karl Marx, German political philosopher, co-author of The Communist Manifesto (d. 1883)

• 27 September – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (d. 1884)
• 7 November — Emil du Bois-Reymond, German physiologist (d. 1896)
• 18 December – Max Joseph von Pettenkofer, German chemist and hygienist (d. 1901)
• Francis Dutton, Germany-born Premier of South Australia (d. 1892)

• 11 January – Johann David Wyss, Swiss children's author writing in German (born 1743)^[15] 15 February – Friedrich Ludwig, Fürst zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, Prussian general (b. 1746)
• 22 October – Joachim Heinrich Campe, German linguist and publisher (born 1746)
• 5 November – Heinrich Füger, German portrait and historical painter (born 1751)

• 17 November – Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, queen of George III of the United Kingdom (b. 1744)