1998 Australian federal election

The election returned the Member of the House of Representatives for its 1998–2001 term and half of Australia's senators, who then served in the 1999–2002 Senate.

Despite winning almost 51 percent of the two-party-preferred vote and regaining much of what it had lost in its severe defeat of two years earlier, Labor fell short of forming government. The government was re-elected with 49.02% of the two-party-preferred vote, compared to 50.98% for the Australian Labor Party, the largest difference of six election results where the winner did not gain a two-party preferred majority, since 2PP results first estimated from 1937.

The election on 3 October 1998 was held six months earlier than required by the Constitution. Prime Minister John Howard made the announcement following the launch of the coalition's Goods and Services Tax (GST) policy launch and a five-week advertising campaign. The ensuing election was almost entirely dominated by the proposed 10% GST and proposed income tax cuts.

In reaction to One Nation's policies, the other significant parties all agreed to preference against One Nation. One Nation lost its lone house seat when founder and leader Pauline Hanson lost on preferences to Liberal candidate Cameron Thompson in the Queensland electorate of Blair. In Queensland, One Nation polled 14.83% of the Senate vote, sufficient to elect one senator without the need for preferences.^[1]The seat initially went to Heather Hill, but she was subsequently disqualified under Section 44 of the Constitution, and replaced by Len Harris.

The election-eve Newspoll reported Labor on a 53 percent two-party-preferred vote.^[2]

On election night of 3 October, the exit poll showed Labor on a 53 percent two-party-preferred vote. Labor made the single biggest gain by an Opposition party following an election defeat; the Coalition's majority was cut from 40 to 12. It was only when the first returns trickled in from Western Australia that the Coalition was assured of another term. The swing across all states would have normally been sufficient for a change of government, but the uneven nature of the swing left Kim Beazley eight seats short of becoming Prime Minister.The uneven nature of the swing saw Labor getting huge swings in seats that they held prior to the election but not enough in seats needed to gain government.^[3]

The election for the division of Newcastle was deferred as the Democrats candidate died on 1 October, two days before the federal election. A supplementary election was held on 21 November, with Labor winning and holding the seat.^[4][5]

House of Representatives results

House of Reps (IRV) – 1998–2001 – Turnout 94.99% (CV) — Informal 3.78%^[6]

Party			Votes	%	Swing	Seats	Change
	Labor		4,454,306	40.10	+1.34	67	18
		Liberal	3,764,707	33.89	−4.80	64	11
		National	588,088	5.29	−2.91	16	3
		Country Liberal	36,014	0.32	−0.03	0	1
	Liberal/National Coalition		4,388,809	39.51	-7.74	80	14
	One Nation		936,621	8.43	*
	Democrats		569,875	5.13	−1.63
	Greens [b]		290,709	2.62	−0.30
	Independents [c]		195,180	1.76	−0.51	1	4
	Others		273,503	2.46
Total			11,109,063			148
Two-party-preferred vote
	Liberal/National coalition		5,413,431	49.02	−4.61	80	14
	Labor		5,630,409	50.98	+4.61	67	18
Invalid/blank votes			436,138	3.78
Turnout			11,545,201	95.0
Registered voters			12,154,050
Source: Federal Elections 1998

Senate results

Senate (STV GV) — 1999–2002—Turnout 95.34% (CV) — Informal 3.24%

Party			Votes	%	Swing	Seats won	Seats	Change
	Labor		4,182,963	37.31	+1.16	17	29
		Liberal/National (Joint Ticket)	2,452,407	21.87	−2.62	5
		Liberal	1,528,730	13.63	−2.61	11	31
		National	208,536	1.86	−1.01	0	3	2
		Country Liberal	36,063	0.32	−0.05	1	1
	Liberal–National coalition		4,225,673	37.70	−6.27	17	35	2
	One Nation		1,007,439	8.99	*	1	1	1
	Democrats		947,940	8.45	−2.37	4	9	2
	Greens		305,058	2.72	−0.45	0	1	1
	Harradine Group		24,254	0.22	−0.08	1	1
	Others		507,221	4.5
Total			11,211,903			40	76
Invalid/blank votes			375,181	3.2
Turnout			11,584,909	95.3
Registered voters			12,154,050
Source: AEC Election 2001

• The Nationals had candidates in 13 seats where three-cornered-contests existed, with 88.89% of preferences favouring the Liberal Party.
• One Nation contested 135 electorates with preferences slightly favouring the Liberal/National Coalition (53.66%)
• The Democrats contested 144 electorates with preferences slightly favouring Labor (56.72%)
• The Greens contested 120 electorates with preferences strongly favouring Labor (73.28%)

• Candidates of the 1998 Australian federal election
• Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 1998–2001
• Members of the Australian Senate, 1999–2002

• Election 98, campaign and results coverage by the ABC
• Australian Electoral Commission Results
• University of WA Archived 18 January 2015 at the Wayback Machine election results in Australia since 1890
• AEC 2PP vote
• AustralianPolitics.com election details
• Preference flows – ABC