British football clubs tours to South America

Football (and other British-origin sports like rugby union) were gaining popularity in Argentina and Uruguay and the associations brought foreign teams to their countries as a way of encourage the practise of the sport among the large number of enthusiasts.^[2] In fact, Argentine Primera División was the first football league outside of the British Isles,^[3] having been held since 1891 to the present.

British teams were considered the best in the world by then, and some of them served as inspiration to establish football clubs in Argentina and Uruguay, helped by the immigration of British citizens that had arrived to work for British companies (mostly in railway construction). CURCC (in Uruguay), Belgrano A.C., Rosario A.C., Alumni and Quilmes (in Argentina) are some examples of clubs established by British immigrants to South America.^[2][4]

Football had been introduced many years ago in both countries, being the first game played in Argentina on June 20, 1867,^[5] with the establishment of Buenos Aires Football Club, the first football club not only in Argentina but in South America.^[2][6] In Uruguay, football had been introduced in 1870. Argentina organised its first league championship, Primera División, in 1891 while its Uruguayan homonymous held its first championship in 1900.

Both countries considered themselves rivals due to their proximity. Moreover, they had the only organised bodies in South America and had held some earlier competitions such as Tie Cup (1900) or Copa de Honor Cousenier (1905), played by champions of each association.

In some cases, the influence of British clubs on Argentine football extended to the colours adopted by some clubs. Arístides Langone, president of Club Atlético Independiente, was so impressed by the Nottingham Forest squad that beat local Alumni by 6–0 that he suggested to change the jersey colours from white and blue to red. The request was approved and Independiente adopted the colour that would later become an identity mark for the club, being known as El Rojo (The Red).^[7]

Some versions also state that Quilmes A.C. was another institution that took the colours from a British squad, in this case the white jersey with blue details of the England national team, although there is no evidence to prove that statement.

Southampton F.C. was the first foreign club to tour South America, followed by Nottingham Forest F.C. in 1905. One of its games, against Alumni in Buenos Aires, was attended by 10,000 spectators, what proves the interest of Argentine fans to see the local forces facing British sides, considered technically superior by them.^[8]

The first team to defeat a British side was Argentine Alumni, who defeated the South Africa team (mostly composed of British–origin players) by 1–0 at Sociedad Sportiva Argentina stadium in Palermo. The relevance of the victory was expressed by local media, such as La Nación writing: "For our national football, the Alumni v South Africa match was a great triumph that will be remembered for a long time in everyone's memory, serving as example and stimulus for the future", while British-origin newspaper The Standard wrote "it was a glorious victory and what happened in La Sportiva is promising for Argentine football".^[9]

Corinthian F.C. of London was the first British club to tour Brazil in 1910, playing ten games in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. The team inspired a group of railway workers to establish a club which they named after the British team,^[10] therefore S.C. Corinthians was founded in September 1910.^[11]

Corinthian F.C. would return to Brazil in 1913,^[12] becoming the only British team that toured South America twice.^[10]

Exeter City was the first British team to play beyond Argentina and Uruguay^[13] when they reached Brazil to play a series of friendly matches in Rio de Janeiro (most of them v. local combined teams), finishing their tour on July 21, 1914, when Exeter played Brazil national team, in which was the first match ever played by the scratch.^[14]

Nevertheless, newspapers in Argentina were left disappointed with City's performances during the tour. Tribuna describing them as "the most mediocre team of professionals sent out by the FA from the home of football", and the Buenos Aires Herald complaining that the Grecians were not "sufficiently superior".^[15]

Plymouth Argyle thrashed the Uruguay national team 4–0 in their first game (Uruguay went on to win the first ever World Cup just six years later) before pulling off another shock by beating Argentina 1–0. Plymouth Argyle was the team that faced Argentina most times, with 4 matches played between both squads.^[16]

The visit of Plymouth Argyle will be best remembered by the outstanding personality and genius of Moses Russell. His effective style, precise judgement, accurate and timely clearances, powerful kicking and no less useful work with his head...one of the most wonderful backs and one of the brainiest players ever seen on the football field.

— The Standard, British newspaper published in Buenos Aires, at the end of the Plymouth Argyle tour.^[17]

In the match against Boca Juniors on 9 July 1924, the Boca Juniors supporters invaded the pitch after their team had scored the opening goal and carried all eleven home players shoulder high around the stadium. After a half hour delay, the referee restarted the match, but a further invasion was sparked when the referee awarded a penalty against the home side. When the match was again restarted, the Argyle players had agreed that Patsy Corcoran would take the spot-kick and miss, to prevent another pitch invasion. However, the ultra-competitive Russell was not prepared to accept this, and just before Corcoran was about to take the penalty he was pushed aside by Russell who took it himself and scored. This prompted a further pitch invasion by the Boca fans and this time the match was abandoned.^[17]

Chelsea F.C. was the last British club to tour South America, in 1929. Since the first tour in 1904, the South American players had evolved a lot, as they were described as "true masters in tactical play" by Chelsea chairman Kirby himself. He also remarked the style and ball control on offer, perhaps a consequence of the outstanding sporting facilities many of the amateur teams possessed.^[18] The evolution of South American football was also evident in the tour results: of 16 games played during their three months tour, Chelsea only won five, with eight loses.^[1] On the other hand, the Chelsea players emphasised the "unfair play" of some Argentine players and the violent surrounding atmosphere of the supporters in Argentina. The Chelsea management complained to the Football Association that "non-observance of the laws of the game hindered real football".^[19]

Some players that were part of British teams touring South America, would then hired as coaches in the continent. Walter Bull of Totenham Hotspur went to Argentina, John Harley to Uruguay (he died there in 1959) while John Hamilton went to Brazil in 1907, becoming the first professional coach in the country.^[8]

Countries visited indicated in each case:

• Y Toured
• N Not toured

Team	Year	Arg	Uru	Bra	Source
Southampton	1904	Y	Y	N	[20][21]
Nottingham Forest	1905	Y	Y	N	[22][8]
South Africa F.A.	1906	Y	Y	Y	[23][9]
Everton	1909	Y	Y	N	[24][25]
Tottenham Hotspur	1909	Y	Y	N	[26][27][28]
Corinthian	1910	N	N	Y	[10]
Swindon Town	1912	Y	Y	N	[29][30]
Corinthian	1913	N	N	Y	[10]
Exeter City	1914	Y	Y	Y	[31][32]
Third Lanark	1923	Y	Y	N	[33][34][35][36]
Plymouth Argyle	1924	Y	Y	N	[37][38]
Motherwell	1928	Y	Y	Y	[39][40]
Chelsea	1929	Y	Y	Y	[1]

Complete list of visitors and games played in Argentina, Uruguay^[41][42] and Brazil.^[12]

  Indicates British clubs defeats.

Southampton

Southampton

Date	Rival	Score	Venue
26 Jun 1904	Alumni	3–0	Sociedad Sportiva
3 Jul 1904	Británicos [note1 1]	10–0	Sociedad Sportiva
6 Jul 1904	Belgrano A.C.	6–1	Sociedad Sportiva
9 Jul 1904	Argentina [16]	8–0	Sociedad Sportiva
10 Jul 1904	Liga Argentina [note1 2]	5–3	Sociedad Sportiva
14 Jul 1904	Liga Uruguaya [note1 3]	8–1	Parque Central

Notes

Nottingham Forest

Nottingham Forest

Date	Rival	Score	Venue
11 Jun 1905	CURCC	6–1	Parque Central
16 Jun 1905	Rosario Combined [note2 1]	5–3	Plaza Jewell
18 Jun 1905	Belgrano A.C.	7–0	Sociedad Sportiva
22 Jun 1905	Británicos	13–1	Sociedad Sportiva
24 Jun 1905	Rosario Combined [note2 1]	6–0	Sociedad Sportiva
25 Jun 1905	Alumni	6–0	Sociedad Sportiva
29 Jun 1905	Argentina [16]	5–0	Sociedad Sportiva
2 Jul 1905	Liga Argentina	9–1	Sociedad Sportiva

Notes

South Africa

South Africa F.A.

Date	Rival	Score	Venue
22 Jun 1906	"Universitarios" [note3 1]	14–0	Sociedad Sportiva
24 Jun 1906	Alumni	0–1	Sociedad Sportiva
29 Jun 1906	Belgrano A.C.	6–0	Sociedad Sportiva
1 Jul 1906	Liga Rosarina	9–0	Plaza Jewell
8 Jul 1906	"Británicos"	4–1	Sociedad Sportiva
9 Jul 1906	Argentina [16]	1–0	Sociedad Sportiva
12 Jul 1906	Estudiantes (BA)	3–2	Sociedad Sportiva
15 Jul 1906	Liga Argentina	4–1	Sociedad Sportiva
18 Jul 1906	Liga Uruguaya	6–1	Parque Central
22 Jul 1906	Alumni	2–0	Sociedad Sportiva
26 Jul 1906	Quilmes	5–1	Sociedad Sportiva
31 Jul 1906	Combinado Brasileiro [note3 2]	6–0	Velódromo

Notes

Match details

Friendly match

24 June 1906

Alumni	1–0	South Africa
A. Brown 61'	Report

Sociedad Sportiva, Buenos Aires

Attendance: 12,000

Referee: Guillermo Jordán

Team details
Alumni South Africa	GK W.G. Brown DF H. Heeley DF J. Robison MF W. Schmidt MF J. B. Binckes MF T. Chalmers FW J. Mc Intyre FW R. Tyler FW R. P. Thorne FW W. Mason FW Hartigan