Ethephon is a plant growth regulator.[1]
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name (2-Chloroethyl)phosphonic acid | |
| Other names Bromeflor Arvest Ethrel | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.037.002 |
| KEGG | |
PubChem CID | |
| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
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| Properties | |
| C2H6ClO3P | |
| Molar mass | 144.49 g·mol−1 |
| Density | 1.409 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 74 °C (165 °F; 347 K) |
| 123.9 g/100 mL (23 °C) | |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards | Corrosive |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Mechanism of action
Upon metabolism by the plant, it is converted into ethylene, a potent regulator of plant growth and ripeness. It is also a butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor.[2]
Uses in various crops
Ethephon often used on wheat, coffee, tobacco, cotton, and rice in order to help the plant's fruit reach ripeness more quickly.
Cotton is the most important single crop use for ethephon. It initiates fruiting over a period of several weeks, promotes early concentrated boll opening, and enhances defoliation to facilitate and improve efficiency of scheduled harvesting. Harvested cotton quality is improved.[3][4]
Ethephon also is widely used by pineapple growers to initiate reproductive development (force) of pineapple. Ethephon is also sprayed on mature-green pineapple fruits to degreen them to meet produce marketing requirements. There can be some detrimental effect on fruit quality.[citation needed]
The toxicity of ethephon is very low,[5] and any ethephon used on the plant is converted very quickly to ethylene.[6]
The use of this chemical is allowed in the European Union.