List of assassinated and executed heads of state and government

The following is a chronological list of notable heads of governments and heads of state deaths that have resulted from assassination or execution.

This list considers only the incumbent head of state or government. Heads of state or government assassinated or executed after they left office (e.g. Aldo Moro and Shinzo Abe) are excluded.

List

TargetTitleDatePlaceCountryAssassin or other entityRef
RimushKing of Akkad2270 BCAkkadian EmpireHis courtiers[1]
Ashur-nadin-apliKing of Assyria1194 BCMiddle Assyrian EmpireAshur-nirari III[2]
Ramesses IIIPharaoh of Egypt1155 BCNew Kingdom of EgyptTiye, Pentawer, and Pebekkamen, among others
Simbar-shipakKing of Babylon1008 BCBabyloniaEa-mukin-zeri[3]
Ea-mukin-zeri1008 BCKashshu-nadin-ahi[4]
Kashshu-nadin-ahi1005 BCEulmash-shakin-shumi[5]
Titus TatiusKing of the Sabines748 BCRomeRoman KingdomRomulus[6]
Ashur-nirari VKing of Assyria745 BCNeo-Assyrian EmpireTiglath-Pileser III[7]
Nabu-nadin-zeriKing of Babylon732 BCBabylonBabyloniaKilled in an insurrection by Nabu-suma-ukin II.[8]
Nabu-suma-ukin II732 BCNabu-mukin-zeri[9]
Nabu-mukin-zeri729 BCKilled during the Assyrian conquest of Babylon by Tiglath-Pileser III.[10]
Shalmaneser VKing of Assyria722 BCNeo-Assyrian EmpireSargon II[11]
Mushezib-MardukKing of Babylon689 BCBabylonMurdered during Sennacherib's sack of Babylon.
SennacheribKing of Assyria681 BCNinevehArda-Mulissu[12]
Lucius Tarquinius PriscusKing of Rome579 BCRomeRoman KingdomThe sons of Ancus Marcius
Labashi-MardukKing of Babylon556 BCNeo-Babylonian EmpireNabonidus and Belshazzar, in concert with the nobles of the court.[13]
PhalarisTyrant of Agrigento554 BCAgrigentoAcragasTelemachus
Servius TulliusKing of Rome535 BCRomeRoman KingdomLucius Tarquinius Superbus[14]
HipparchusTyrant of Athens514 BCAthens AthensHarmodius and Aristogeiton[15]
Xerxes IAchaemenid King of KingsAugust 465 BCPersia  Achaemenid PersiaArtabanus, commander of the royal bodyguard[16]
Xerxes II424 BCPersepolisSogdianus, Xerxes' half-brother[17]
Sogdianus423 BCDarius II, Sogdianus's half-brother[17]
DionTyrant of Syracuse354 BCSyracuse, SicilySyracuseCalippus[18]
Callippus352 BCLeptines II[19]
Philip IIKing of MacedonOctober 30, 336 BCAigai MacedoniaPausanias of Orestis (personal bodyguard)[20]
ArsesAchaemenid King of Kings336 BC  Achaemenid PersiaBagoas[21]
Seleucus I NicatorSeleucid BasileusSeptember 281 BCLysimachia, Thrace Seleucid EmpirePtolemy Ceraunus[22]
Antiochus II TheosSeleucid BasileusJuly 246 BCAnatoliaLaodice I[23]
Lord ChunshenPrime Minister of Chu238 BCShouchunChuLi Yuan (李園)[24]
Seleucus III CeraunusSeleucid BasileusJune 223 BCAnatolia Seleucid EmpireMembers of his army[25]
NabisKing of Sparta192 BCSpartaSpartaAetolian League[26]
Brihadratha MauryaMauryan Emperor180 BCPataliputra Maurya EmpirePushyamitra Shunga[27]
Seleucus IV PhilopatorSeleucid BasileusSeptember 3, 175 BCCoele-Syria Seleucid EmpireHeliodorus[28]
Alexander BalasAugust 145 BCAfrin RiverZabdiel[29]
Antiochus VI Dionysus142 BCCoele-SyriaDiodotus Tryphon[30]
Hiempsal IKing of Numidia117 BCCirtaNumidiaJugurtha[31][32]
Julius CaesarDictator of RomeMarch 15, 44 BCRomeRoman RepublicLiberatores[33]
CaligulaEmperor of RomeJanuary 24, 41Roman EmpirePraetorian Guard[34]
ClaudiusOctober 13, 54Agrippina the Younger[35][36]
GalbaJanuary 15, 69Praetorian Guard under orders from Otho[37]
VitelliusDecember 22, 69Vespasian's troops.[38]
DomitianSeptember 18, 96Stephanus, steward to Julia Flavia[39]
CommodusDecember 31, 192Narcissus[40][41]
PertinaxMarch 28, 193Praetorian Guard[42]
Didius JulianusJune 1, 193[43]
GetaDecember 26, 211Centurions under orders of Caracalla[44]
CaracallaApril 8, 217Near CarrhaeJustin Martialis, at instigation of Macrinus[45]
Macrinus and DiadumenianCo-Emperors of RomeJune 8, 218CappadociaForces of Elagabalus[46][47][48]
ElagabalusEmperor of RomeMarch 11, 222RomePraetorian Guard under orders of Julia Maesa and Julia Mamaea[49]
Severus AlexanderMarch 19, 235Mainz, Germania SuperiorLegio XXII Primigenia[50]
Maximinus ThraxMay 238AquileiaSoldiers of the Legio II Parthica[51]
Pupienus and BalbinusCo-Emperors of RomeJuly 29, 238RomePraetorian Guard
Gordian IIIEmperor of RomeFebruary 20, 244CircesiumHis own army[52]
Philip I the ArabCo-Emperors of RomeSeptember 249VeronaBetrayed by Decius and killed as a result of the Battle of Verona.[53][54]
Philip IIRomeMurdered by the Praetorian Guard.[53][54]
VolusianusCo-Emperors of RomeAugust 253TerniAssassinated by their own centurions, in favour of Aemilian.[55]
Trebonianus Gallus
AemilianusEmperor of RomeSeptember 253SpoletoAssassinated by his own troops.[55]
Saloninus260Colonia Claudia Ara AgrippinensiumRevolting troops, led by Postumus
GallienusSeptember 268MediolanumAurelius Heraclianus[56]
PostumusEmperor of Gaul269MainzGallic EmpireHis own troops[57][58]
Marcus Aurelius MariusMid 269TrierVictorinus[59]
VictorinusEarly 271Colonia Claudia Ara AgrippinensiumAttitianus, one of his soldiers.[60]
AurelianEmperor of RomeSeptember 25, 275ÇorluRoman EmpireMucapor and members of the Praetorian Guard
FlorianusSeptember 276TarsusCenturions[61][62]
ProbusSeptember 282SirmiumHis own soldiers[63]
NumerianNovember 20, 284HomsLucius Flavius Aper[64]
CarinusJuly 285River Margus, MoesiaTitus Claudius Aurelius Aristobulus[65]
CarausiusEmperor of Britannia293BritanniaAllectus[66]
BunseoKing of Baekje304Lelang CommanderyBaekjeHwang-Chang-Lang
ConstansEmperor of RomeFebruary 350Elne, GaulRoman EmpireMagnentius[67]
NepotianusJune 30, 350RomeMarcellinus
GratianAugust 25, 383LyonAndragathius[68][69]
Magnus MaximusAugust 28, 388AquileiaTheodosius I[70][71]
VictorTrierArbogast
Valentinian IIMay 15, 392Vienne[72]
EugeniusWestern Roman EmperorSeptember 6, 394Frigidus River Western Roman EmpireTheodosius I[73]
Constantine IIICo-Western Roman Emperorsc. September 18, 411RavennaConstantius III[74][75]
Constans IIVienneGerontius[74][75]
JoannesWestern Roman EmperorJune 425AquileiaArdabur[76]
Hassan Yuha'minKing of Himyar448IraqSharhabil Yafar[77]
Valentinian IIIWestern Roman EmperorMarch 16, 455Rome Western Roman EmpireFollowers of Flavius Aetius[78]
AnkōEmperor of Japan456 Kofun JapanMayowa no Ōkimi[79]
MajorianWestern Roman EmperorAugust 7, 461Tortona Western Roman EmpireRicimer[80]
Libius SeverusAugust 15, 465Rome[81]
AnthemiusJuly 11, 472[82][83]
Julius NeposJune 22, 480SalonaTwo retainers at the instigation of Glycerius[84]
OdoacerKing of ItalyMarch 15, 493Ravenna Kingdom of ItalyTheodoric[85][86]
Dhu ShanatirKing of Himyar517ZafarHimyarite KingdomDhu Nuwas[77]
Bahram ChobinSasanian Shahanshah591FerganaWestern Turkic KhaganateMurdered under order of Khosrow II.[87]
SushunEmperor of Japan592 Asuka JapanYamato no Aya no Ataikoma, under the orders of Soga no Umako
MauriceEmperor of the RomansNovember 22, 602Chalcedon Byzantine EmpireOverthrown and Executed by Phocas
PhocasOctober 4, 610ConstantinopleOverthrown and executed by Heraclius
Emperor Yang of SuiEmperor of ChinaApril 11, 618Danyang, JiangsuSui ChinaYuwen Huaji and other officials in a coup d'état
UmarCaliph of the Rashidun CaliphateNovember 3, 644Medina, Arabia Rashidun CaliphateAbu Lulu
UthmanJune 17, 656Egyptian rebels
Ali ibn Abi TalibJanuary 29, 661KufaAbd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam
Constans IIEmperor of the RomansSeptember 15, 668Syracuse Byzantine EmpireBy an attendant while in the bath[88]
Tiberios III ApsimarFebruary 706ConstantinopleExecuted by Justinian II
Justinian IIDecember 711Overthrown and executed in a military revolt led by Phillipikos
Leo V "The Armenian"December 24, 820Assassinated as part of a conspiracy in support of the imprisoned Michael the Amorian[89]
Michael IIISeptember 23, 867Basil the Macedonian
John VIIIPopeDecember 16, 882Rome  Papal StatesClerics[90]
Emperor Zhaozong of TangEmperor of ChinaSeptember 22, 904LuoyangTang dynastyZhu Wen
Wenceslaus IDuke of BohemiaSeptember 28, 935Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav  Duchy of BohemiaBoleslaus I
Edmund IKing of the EnglishMay 26, 946Pucklechurch EnglandLeofa, a convicted outlaw
Nikephoros II PhokasEmperor of the RomansDecember 11, 969Constantinople Byzantine EmpireJohn I Tzimiskes
Edward the MartyrKing of the EnglishMarch 18, 978Corfe Castle, Corfe Castle (village)[91] EnglandÆlfthryth
Kenneth IIKing of Alba995Fettercairn ScotlandFinella
Brian BoruHigh King of IrelandApril 23, 1014Clontarf, DublinIrelandBrodir and Ospak of Man
Boniface IIIMargrave of TuscanyMay 6, 1052OglioMarch of TuscanyScarpetta Carnevari
Alp ArslanSultan of the Seljuk EmpireNovember 25, 1072Khwarazm Seljuk EmpireYussuf al-Kharezmi
Nizam al-MulkVizier of the Seljuk EmpireOctober 14, 1092Nahavand Seljuk EmpireOrder of Assassins
ThorosLord of EdessaMarch 9, 1098EdessaMob incited by Baldwin of Boulogne
ConradBishop of UtrechtApril 14, 1099Utrecht UtrechtA Frisian
William IIKing of EnglandAugust 2, 1100The New Forest  EnglandWalter Tirel
Al-Afdal ShahanshahVizier of the Fatimid CaliphateDecember 11, 1121 Fatimid CaliphateOrder of Assassins
Charles ICount of FlandersMarch 2, 1127Bruges  FlandersA group of knights answering to the Erembald family
Al-Amir bi-Ahkam AllahCaliph of the Fatimid CaliphateOctober 7, 1130Cairo Fatimid CaliphateOrder of Assassins
Al-MustarshidCaliph of the Abbasid CaliphateAugust 29, 1135Hamadan Abbasid Caliphate
Harald GilleKing of NorwayDecember 14, 1136Bergen  NorwaySigurd Slembe
Eric IIKing of DenmarkSeptember 18, 1137Urnohoved  DenmarkMurdered by Sorte Plov during a Ting[92]
Al-RashidCaliph of the Abbasid CaliphateJune 6, 1138Isfahan Abbasid CaliphateOrder of Assassins
Imad al-Din ZengiEmir of the Zengid dynastySeptember 14, 1146Qal'at Ja'bar Seljuk EmpireYarankash
Raymond IICount of Tripoli1152Tripoli County of TripoliOrder of Assassins
Sverker IKing of SwedenDecember 25, 1156Alvastra  SwedenA trusted servant
Canute VTriarchial King of DenmarkAugust 9, 1157Roskilde  DenmarkKilled under the Roskilde Bloodbath[93]
Eric IXKing of SwedenMay 18, 1160Uppsala  SwedenMagnus II
Charles VIIApril 12, 1167VisingsöSupporters of Knut Eriksson
AlaungsithuKing of Pagan1167Shwegugyi TemplePagan KingdomHis son Narathu
Andronikos I KomnenosEmperor of the RomansSeptember 11, 1185Constantinople Byzantine EmpireLynched by a popular uprising instigated by Isaac Angelos
Conchobar Maenmaige Ua ConchobairKing of Connacht1189Clanconway Kingdom of ConnachtAssassins instigated by Conchobar ua nDiarmata
Conrad of MontferratKing of JerusalemApril 28, 1192Acre  Kingdom of JerusalemOrder of Assassins
Ivan Asen ITsar of Bulgaria1196Tarnovo Bulgarian EmpireIvanko
Peter II1197PreslavUnknown, possibly in a riot or as the result of a conspiracy.
Alexios IV AngelosEmperor of the RomansFebruary 8, 1204Constantinople Byzantine EmpireDeposed and executed by Alexios Doukas
Alexios V DoukasDecember 1204Executed by the participants of the Fourth Crusade
Baldwin IEmperor of the Romans1205Tarnovo Latin EmpireKaloyan, Tsar of Bulgaria
Boniface of MontferratKing of Thessalonica and Marquis of MontferratSeptember 4, 1207Thrace Montferrat &
Thessalonica
Murdered by Bulgarian Peasants, believed to be acting on the orders of Kaloyan
KaloyanTsar of BulgariaOctober 1207Thessaloniki Bulgarian EmpireUnknown, believed to be Manastras, the Captain of his Mercenaries
Han TuozhouGrand Chancellor of the Song dynasty1207HangzhouSong dynastyShi Miyuan
Philip of SwabiaKing of GermanyJune 21, 1208Bamburg, Franconia Kingdom of GermanyOtto VIII, Count Palatine of Bavaria
Csépán GyőrPalatine of Hungary1209 HungaryTiba Tomaj
Minamoto no SanetomoShōgunFebruary 13, 1219Tsurugaoka Hachimangū Kamakura shogunateKugyō
Eric IVKing of DenmarkAugust 10, 1250Gottorf Castle  DenmarkAbel of Denmark
Michael II AsenTsar of Bulgaria1256Tarnovo Bulgarian EmpireKaliman II Asen
Kaliman II AsenHis co-conspirators from the assassination of Michael II
QutuzSultan of EgyptOctober 24, 1260Salihiyah [ar] Mamluk SultanateBaibars
Eric VKing of DenmarkNovember 22, 1286Finderup, Viborg  DenmarkUnknown, believed to be a conspiracy by Danish nobles
Ladislaus IVKing of HungaryJuly 10, 1290Körösszeg HungaryThree Cumans, named Árbóc, Törtel, and Kemence
Przemysł IIKing of PolandFebruary 8, 1296Rogoźno Kingdom of PolandBrandenburg assassins
Floris VCount of HollandJune 27, 1296Muiderberg HollandGerard van Velsen
ChakaTsar of Bulgaria1300Tarnovo Bulgarian EmpireTheodore Svetoslav
Wenceslaus IIIKing of BohemiaAugust 4, 1306Olomouc  BohemiaUnidentified assassin
Albert IKing of GermanyMay 1, 1308Windisch Further AustriaJohn Parricida
Gegeen KhanEmperor of the Yuan dynastySeptember 4, 1323NanpoYuan dynastyTegshi
Yagi BastiRuler of Shiraz1344TabrizChobanid realmMalek Ashraf
Haidar QassābHead of the Sarbadars1356Sarbadar stateBy a Turkish slave
Peter the CruelKing of CastileMarch 23, 1369Montiel ToledoHenry II
Murad ISultan of The Ottoman EmpireJune 28, 1389Kosovo Field  Serbian Empire
( Branković)
Lazar Hrebeljanović
Louis IDuke of OrléansNovember 23, 1407Le Marais  Orléans15 masked assassins under the orders of John the Fearless
Gian Maria ViscontiDuke of MilanMay 16, 1412Milan MilanGuelphs and Ghibellines
John the FearlessDuke of BurgundySeptember 10, 1419Montereau-Fault-Yonne  BurgundyTanneguy du Chastel
Abu SaidRuler of Qara Qoyunlu1430Qara QoyunluQara QoyunluIskandar
IskandarRuler of Qara Qoyunlu1436Alinja TowerQara QoyunluJahan Shah
Ashikaga YoshinoriShōgunJuly 12, 1441Muromachi Japan Ashikaga shogunateAkamatsu Mitsusuke
Hasan AliRuler of Qara Qoyunlu1468HamadanQara QoyunluUghurlu Muhammad
Mirza YusufRuler of Qara QoyunluOctober 22, 1469ShirazQara QoyunluUghurlu Muhammad
Henry VIKing of EnglandMay 21, 1471Tower of London  EnglandEdward IV
Giuliano de' MediciLord of FlorenceApril 26, 1478Florence Cathedral  FlorenceFrancesco de' Pazzi
James IIIKing of ScotlandJune 11, 1488Sauchieburn ScotlandRebels, led by James IV
Ahmad Shah of MalaccaSultan of Malacca1513Riau IslandsMalacca SultanateMahmud Shah of Malacca
Alessandro de' MediciLord of FlorenceJanuary 6, 1537Florence  FlorenceLorenzino de' Medici
Francisco PizarroGovernor of New CastileJune 26, 1541Lima Spanish New CastileDiego de Almagro II
WorawongsathiratKing of SiamNovember 11, 1548Lopburi Ayutthaya KingdomMaha Thammaracha
TabinshwehtiKing of BurmaApril 30, 1550PantanawToungoo dynastySmim Sawhtut
Ashikaga YoshiteruShōgunJune 17, 1565Nijō Castle Ashikaga shogunateMiyoshi Yoshitsugu
Eric XIVKing of SwedenFebruary 26, 1577Örbyhus Castle  SwedenGuards poisoned him on the orders of John III
Sokollu Mehmed PashaGrand Vizier of the Ottoman EmpireOctober 11, 1579Istanbul  Ottoman EmpireOrder of Assassins
William the SilentStadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht and FrieslandJuly 10, 1584Delft  Dutch RepublicBalthasar Gérard
Henry IIIKing of FranceAugust 1, 1589Saint-Cloud FranceJacques Clément
Michael the BravePrince of WallachiaAugust 9, 1601Turda  WallachiaGiorgio Basta
Abu'l-Fazl ibn MubarakGrand Vizier of the Mughal empireAugust 12, 1602Deccan Mughal EmpireVir Singh Deo
Henry IVKing of FranceMay 14, 1610Paris FranceFrançois Ravaillac
Concino ConciniChief minister of FranceApril 24, 1617Guards under orders of Louis XIII
Osman IISultan of the Ottoman EmpireMay 20, 1622Yedikule Fortress, Istanbul  Ottoman EmpireJanissaries
AnaukpetlunKing of BurmaJuly 9, 1628Bago, MyanmarToungoo dynastyMinyedeippa, his son
Zhu YujianEmperor of the Great MingOctober 6, 1646FujianSouthern MingQing soldiers
Charles IKing of England, Scotland and IrelandJanuary 30, 1649Whitehall, London  England
 Scotland
 Ireland
High Court of Justice
Mahmud II of JohorSultan of JohorSeptember 3, 1699Kota Tinggi, JohorJohor SultanateMegat Sri Rama
Daniel ParkeGovernor of the Leeward IslandsDecember 7, 1710Antigua  British Leeward IslandsBy an angry mob
Abdul Aziz HotakEmir of Afghanistan1717Kandahar Hotak dynastyMahmud Hotak
Fernando Manuel de Bustillo Bustamante y RuedaGovernor-General of the PhilippinesOctober 11, 1719Palacio del Gobernador, Manila Spanish PhilippinesFrancisco de la Cuesta
Mahmud HotakEmir of AfghanistanApril 22, 1725Isfahan Hotak dynastyAshraf Hotak
Nader ShahShahanshah of IranJune 20, 1747Quchan PersiaSalah Bey
Ebrahim AfsharShahanshah of IranSeptember 24, 1748Afsharid IranAfsharid IranHis troops
Peter IIIEmperor of RussiaJuly 17, 1762Ropsha  Russian EmpireAlexei Grigoryevich Orlov
Zaki Khan ZandShahanshah of IranJune 6, 1779IzadkhastZand dynastyRebellious tribal leaders
Jafar KhanShahanshah of IranJanuary 23, 1789Arg of Karim KhanZand dynastySayed Morad Khan
Sayed Morad KhanShahanshah of IranMay 10, 1789ShirazZand dynastyLotf Ali Khan
Gustav IIIKing of SwedenMarch 16, 1792
(d. March 29, 1792)
Stockholm  SwedenJacob Johan Anckarström
Agha Mohammad Khan QajarShahanshah of IranJune 17, 1797Shusha Qajar EmpireA Georgian servant named Sadeq and a valet called Khodadad-e Esfahani, both of whom were due to be executed.
Paul IEmperor of RussiaMarch 23, 1801St. Petersburg  RussiaPeter Ludwig von der Pahlen, Nikita Petrovich Panin, José de Ribas, Vladimir Mikhailovich Yashvil and Nikolay Zubov
Kirtiman Singh BasnyatMulkaji of NepalSeptember 28, 1801Kathmandu  Kingdom of NepalSupporters of Raj Rajeshwari Devi[94]
Jean-Jacques DessalinesEmperor of HaitiOctober 17, 1806Pont Rouge  HaitiUnknown[95]
Spencer PercevalPrime Minister of the United KingdomMay 11, 1812Westminster  United KingdomJohn Bellingham [96]
ShakaKing of the ZulusSeptember 22, 1828KwaDukuza Zulu KingdomDingane and Mhlangana, Shaka's younger brothers
Pedro Blanco SotoPresident of BoliviaJanuary 1, 1829Sucre  BoliviaUnknown
Ioannis KapodistriasGovernor of the Hellenic StateOctober 9, 1831Nafplion  GreeceKonstantis and Georgios Mavromichalis
Felipe Santiago SalaverryPresident of PeruFebruary 18, 1836Arequipa  PeruAndrés de Santa Cruz
Mathabarsingh ThapaPrime Minister of NepalMay 17, 1845Kathmandu  Kingdom of NepalJung Bahadur Kunwar and his brothers
Fateh Jung ShahSeptember 14, 1846Hanuman Dhoka
João Maria Ferreira do AmaralGovernor of MacauAugust 22, 1849Macau Portuguese MacauShen Zhiliang and six other Chinese men
Charles IIIDuke of ParmaMarch 26, 1854Parma  ParmaUnknown
Danilo IPrince of MontenegroAugust 13, 1860Kotor  MontenegroTodor Kadić
José Santos GuardiolaPresident of HondurasJanuary 11, 1862Comayagua  HondurasHis personal body guard
Barbu CatargiuPrime Minister of RomaniaJune 20, 1862Bucharest  RomaniaUnknown
Radama IIKing of MadagascarMay 12, 1863Rova of Antananarivo Merina KingdomSoldiers under orders of Rainivoninahitriniony
Abraham LincolnPresident of the United StatesApril 14, 1865
(d. April 15, 1865)
Washington, D.C.  United StatesJohn Wilkes Booth [97]
Venancio FloresPresident of UruguayFebruary 19, 1868Montevideo  UruguayUnknown assailants, presumably of Blanco political faction
Mihailo ObrenovićPrince of SerbiaJune 10, 1868Belgrade  SerbiaPavle Radovanović, Kosta Radovanović
Juan PrimPrime Minister of SpainDecember 30, 1870Madrid  SpainUnknown
Richard BourkeGovernor-General of IndiaFebruary 8, 1872Port Blair  British IndiaSher Ali Afridi
José BaltaPresident of PeruJuly 22, 1872Lima  PeruTomás Gutiérrez
Tomás GutiérrezJuly 26, 1872Military coup d'état
Gabriel García MorenoPresident of EcuadorAugust 6, 1875Quito  EcuadorFaustino Rayo
Juan Bautista GillPresident of ParaguayApril 12, 1877Asunción  ParaguayNicanor Silvano Godoi
Alexander IIEmperor of RussiaMarch 13, 1881St. Petersburg  RussiaNarodnaya Volya[98]
James A. GarfieldPresident of the United StatesJuly 2, 1881
(d. September 19, 1881)
Washington, D.C.  United StatesCharles J. Guiteau [99]
Ranodip Singh KunwarPrime Minister of NepalNovember 22, 1885Kathmandu  Kingdom of NepalKhadga Shumsher, Chandra Shumsher, and Dambar Shumsher
Sadi CarnotPresident of FranceJune 24, 1894Lyon  FranceSante Geronimo Caserio
Naser al-Din Shah QajarShah of IranMay 1, 1896Tehran  IranMirza Reza Kermani
Antonio Cánovas del CastilloPrime Minister of SpainAugust 8, 1897Mondragón  SpainMichele Angiolillo
Juan Idiarte BordaPresident of UruguayAugust 25, 1897Montevideo  UruguayAvelino Arredondo
José María Reina BarriosPresident of GuatemalaFebruary 8, 1898Ciudad de Guatemala  GuatemalaEdgar Zollinger
Ulises HeureauxPresident of the Dominican RepublicJuly 26, 1899Moca  Dominican RepublicRamón Cáceres
Umberto IKing of ItalyJuly 29, 1900Monza  ItalyGaetano Bresci
William McKinleyPresident of the United StatesSeptember 6, 1901
(d. September 14, 1901)
Buffalo, New York  United StatesLeon Czolgosz
Alexander IKing of SerbiaJune 11, 1903Belgrade  SerbiaMay Overthrow
Dimitrije Cincar-MarkovićPrime Minister of Serbia
Nikolay BobrikovGovernor-General of FinlandJune 16, 1904Helsinki Grand Duchy of FinlandEugen Schauman
Xavier CoppolaniGovernor of MauritaniaMay 12, 1905Adrar French MauritaniaGudfiyya brotherhood
Mutaib bin Abdulaziz Al RashidEmir of Jabal ShammarDecember 27, 1906Al-Ahaimar Emirate of Jabal ShammarSultan bin Hamoud Al Rashid
Dimitar PetkovPrime Minister of BulgariaMarch 11, 1907Sofia  BulgariaBy an unnamed anarchist
Carlos IKing of PortugalFebruary 1, 1908Lisbon  PortugalAlfredo Luís da Costa and Manuel Buíça
Guangxu EmperorEmperor of ChinaNovember 14, 1908Imperial City, Beijing  Qing ChinaUnknown[100]
Boutros GhaliPrime Minister of EgyptFebruary 21, 1910Cairo  EgyptWatani Party member
Pyotr StolypinPrime Minister of RussiaSeptember 18, 1911Kiev  RussiaDmitry Bogrov
Ramón CáceresPresident of the Dominican RepublicNovember 19, 1911Santo Domingo  Dominican RepublicRebels
José Canalejas y MéndezPrime Minister of SpainNovember 12, 1912Madrid  SpainManuel Pardiñas
Manuel Enrique AraujoPresident of El SalvadorFebruary 9, 1913San Salvador  El SalvadorMulatilo Virgilio, Fermin Perez and Fabian Graciano
Francisco I. MaderoPresident of MexicoFebruary 22, 1913Mexico City  MexicoFrancisco Cárdenas[101]
George IKing of GreeceMarch 18, 1913Thessaloniki  GreeceAlexandros Schinas
Mahmud Shevket PashaGrand Vizier of the Ottoman EmpireJune 11, 1913Istanbul  Ottoman EmpireRelative of Nazım Pasha
Vilbrun Guillaume SamPresident of HaitiJuly 27, 1915Port-au-Prince  HaitiNumerous assailants
Karl von StürgkhMinister-President of CisleithaniaOctober 21, 1916Vienna  Austria-HungaryFriedrich Adler
Sidónio PaisPresident of PortugalDecember 14, 1918Lisbon  PortugalJosé Júlio da Costa
Habibullah KhanEmir of AfghanistanFebruary 20, 1919Laghman  AfghanistanMustafa Seghir
Alexander KolchakSupreme Ruler of RussiaFebruary 7, 1920Irkutsk  RussiaBolsheviks
Saud bin Abdulaziz Al RashidEmir of Jabal ShammarMarch 1920  Emirate of Jabal ShammarAbdullah bin Talal Al Rashid
Venustiano CarranzaPresident of MexicoMay 21, 1920Tlaxcalantongo  MexicoRodolfo Herrero[102]
Eduardo DatoPrime Minister of SpainMarch 8, 1921Madrid  SpainLluís Nicolau, Pere Mateu, Ramon Casanelles
António GranjoPrime Minister of PortugalOctober 19, 1921Lisbon  PortugalBloody Night
Hara TakashiPrime Minister of JapanNovember 4, 1921Tokyo  JapanNakaoka Kon'ichi
Gabriel NarutowiczPresident of PolandDecember 16, 1922Warsaw  PolandEligiusz Niewiadomski
Aleksandar StamboliyskiPrime Minister of BulgariaJune 14, 1923Slavovitsa  BulgariaMilitary coup d'état
Lee StackGovernor of SudanNovember 19, 1924Cairo  EgyptEgyptian Students
Symon PetliuraPresident of UkraineMay 25, 1926Paris  FranceSholom Schwartzbard
Zhang ZuolinPresident of the Republic of ChinaJune 4, 1928Shenyang  ChinaKwantung Army
Paul DoumerPresident of FranceMay 7, 1932Paris  FrancePaul Gorguloff
Inukai TsuyoshiPrime Minister of JapanMay 15, 1932Tokyo  JapanMay 15 Incident
Luis Miguel Sánchez CerroPresident of PeruApril 30, 1933Lima  PeruAbelardo de Mendoza[103]
Mohammed Nadir ShahKing of AfghanistanNovember 8, 1933Kabul  AfghanistanAbdul Khaliq Hazara
Ion G. DucaPrime Minister of RomaniaDecember 30, 1933Sinaia  RomaniaNicolae Constantinescu
Engelbert DollfussChancellor of AustriaJuly 25, 1934Vienna  AustriaJuly Putsch
Alexander IKing of YugoslaviaOctober 9, 1934Marseille  FranceVlado Chernozemski
Armand CălinescuPrime Minister of RomaniaSeptember 21, 1939Bucharest  RomaniaIron Guard members
Ahmad Maher PashaPrime Minister of EgyptFebruary 24, 1945Cairo  EgyptMahmoud El Essawy
Ananda MahidolKing of SiamJune 9, 1946Grand Palace, Bangkok  SiamUnknown
Gualberto VillarroelPresident of BoliviaJuly 21, 1946La Paz  BoliviaBy an organized mob
Aung SanPremier of BurmaJuly 19, 1947Rangoon British BurmaU Saw
Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-DinImam of YemenFebruary 17, 1948Sanaa  YemenAl-Qardaei
Mahmoud El Nokrashy PashaPrime Minister of EgyptDecember 28, 1948Cairo  EgyptAbdel Meguid Ahmed Hassan
Husni al-Za'imPresident of SyriaAugust 14, 1949Damascus  SyriaCoup d'état
Muhsin al-BaraziPrime Minister of Syria
Abdolhossein HazhirPrime Minister of IranNovember 5, 1949Tehran  IranFada'iyan-e Islam
Duncan StewartGovernor of SarawakDecember 10, 1949Sibu British SarawakRukun 13
Sami al-HinnawiPresident of SyriaOctober 31, 1950Beirut  LebanonHersho al-Barazi
Carlos Delgado ChalbaudPresident of VenezuelaNovember 13, 1950Caracas  VenezuelaRafael Simón Urbina and Domingo Urbina.
Haj Ali RazmaraPrime Minister of IranMarch 7, 1951Tehran  IranFada'iyan-e Islam
Abdullah IKing of JordanJuly 20, 1951East JerusalemJerusalemMustapha Shukari Usho
Henry GurneyHigh Commissioner for MalayaOctober 6, 1951Fraser's Hill MalayaMalayan Communist Party
Liaquat Ali KhanPrime Minister of PakistanOctober 16, 1951Rawalpindi  PakistanSaad Akbar Babrak
José Antonio Remón CanteraPresident of PanamaJanuary 2, 1955Panama City  PanamaUnknown
Anastasio Somoza GarcíaPresident of NicaraguaSeptember 21, 1956León  NicaraguaRigoberto López Pérez
Carlos Castillo ArmasPresident of GuatemalaJuly 26, 1957Guatemala City  GuatemalaRomeo Vásquez Sánchez[104]
Ibrahim HashemPrime Minister of JordanJune 14, 1958Baghdad  IraqBy revolutionaries
Faisal IIKing of IraqJuly 14, 1958  Arab FederationMilitary coup d'état
S. W. R. D. BandaranaikePrime Minister of CeylonSeptember 26, 1959Colombo  CeylonTalduwe Somarama
Hazza' MajaliPrime Minister of JordanAugust 29, 1960Amman  JordanKilled in a bomb explosion
Abebe AregaiPrime Minister of EthiopiaDecember 17, 1960Addis Ababa  EthiopiaFailed military coup d'état
Rafael TrujilloPresident of the Dominican RepublicMay 30, 1961Ciudad Trujillo  Dominican RepublicJuan Tomás Díaz, Antonio de la Maza, Amado García Guerrero, Antonio Imbert Barrera
Louis RwagasorePrime Minister of BurundiOctober 13, 1961Bujumbura Ruanda-UrundiJean (Ioannis) Kageorgis
Sylvanus OlympioPresident of TogoJanuary 13, 1963Lomé  TogoMilitary coup d'état
Abd al-Karim QasimPrime Minister of IraqFebruary 9, 1963Baghdad  IraqMilitary coup d'état
Ngo Dinh DiemPresident of the Republic of VietnamNovember 2, 1963Saigon  South VietnamMilitary coup d'état
John F. KennedyPresident of the United StatesNovember 22, 1963Dallas  United StatesLee Harvey Oswald [105]
Jigme Palden DorjiPrime Minister of BhutanApril 6, 1964Phuntsoling  BhutanRoyal Bhutan Army
Hassan Ali MansurPrime Minister of IranJanuary 27, 1965Tehran  IranFada'iyan-e Islam
Abubakar Tafawa BalewaPrime Minister of NigeriaJanuary 15, 1966Lagos  NigeriaMilitary coup d'état
Johnson Aguiyi-IronsiHead of State of NigeriaJuly 29, 1966Lalupon
Hendrik VerwoerdPrime Minister of South AfricaSeptember 6, 1966Cape Town  South AfricaDimitri Tsafendas
Abdirashid ShermarkePresident of SomaliaOctober 15, 1969Las Anod  SomaliaHis personal bodyguards
Wasfi TalPrime Minister of JordanNovember 28, 1971Cairo  EgyptBlack September
Abeid KarumePresident of ZanzibarApril 7, 1972Zanzibar City  ZanzibarFour unnamed gunmen
Luis Carrero BlancoPrime Minister of SpainDecember 20, 1973Madrid  SpainETA
Richard RatsimandravaPresident of MadagascarFebruary 11, 1975Antananarivo  MadagascarRepublican Security Forces
Faisal IKing of Saudi ArabiaMarch 25, 1975Riyadh  Saudi ArabiaFaisal bin Musaid
François TombalbayePresident of ChadApril 13, 1975N'Djamena  ChadMilitary coup d'état
Long BoretPrime Minister of CambodiaApril 17, 1975Phnom Penh  CambodiaExecution by shooting
Sheikh Mujibur RahmanPresident of BangladeshAugust 15, 1975Dhaka  BangladeshBangladesh Army
Muhammad Mansur AliPrime Minister of BangladeshNovember 3, 1975Dhaka  BangladeshBangladesh Army
Murtala MuhammedHead of State of NigeriaFebruary 13, 1976Lagos  NigeriaBuka Suka Dimka
Marien NgouabiPresident of the Republic of CongoMarch 18, 1977Brazzaville  Congo-BrazzavilleSuicide Commando
Ibrahim al-HamdiPresident of North YemenOctober 11, 1977Sana'a  North YemenUnknown
Mohammed Daoud KhanPresident of AfghanistanApril 28, 1978KabulAfghanistanSaur Revolution
Ali SoilihPresident of the ComorosMay 29, 1978Moroni  ComorosFrench Colonel Bob Denard
Ahmad al-GhashmiPresident of North YemenJune 24, 1978Sana'a  North Yemenbomb
Salim Rubai AliChairman of the Presidential CouncilJune 26, 1978Aden  South YemenCoup d'état
Francisco MendesPrime Minister of Guinea-BissauJuly 7, 1978Bissau  Guinea-BissauPAIGC dissidents
Nur Muhammad TarakiGeneral Secretary of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan and Chairman of the Revolutionary CouncilSeptember 14, 1979KabulAfghanistanMilitary coup d'état
Park Chung-heePresident of South KoreaOctober 26, 1979Seoul  South KoreaKim Jae-gyu (president's security chief)
Hafizullah AminGeneral Secretary of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan and Chairman of the Revolutionary CouncilDecember 27, 1979KabulAfghanistanOperation Storm-333
William TolbertPresident of LiberiaApril 12, 1980Monrovia  LiberiaMilitary coup d'état
Sultan IbraimovPrime Minister of KyrgyzstanDecember 4, 1980Cholpon Ata  Kirghiz SSRKGB (suspected)
Francisco Sá CarneiroPrime Minister of PortugalDecember 4, 1980Camarate  Portugal
Ziaur RahmanPresident of BangladeshMay 30, 1981Chittagong  BangladeshA faction of officers of the Bangladesh Army
Mohammad-Javad BahonarPrime Minister of IranAugust 30, 1981Tehran  IranPeople's Mujahedin of Iran
Mohammad-Ali RajaiPresident of Iran
Anwar SadatPresident of EgyptOctober 6, 1981Cairo  EgyptKhalid Islambouli
Maurice BishopPrime Minister of GrenadaOctober 19, 1983St. George's  GrenadaCoup d'état
Indira GandhiPrime Minister of IndiaOctober 31, 1984New Delhi  IndiaSatwant Singh and Beant Singh (personal bodyguards)
Haruo RemeliikPresident of PalauJune 30, 1985Koror  PalauUnknown
Olof PalmePrime Minister of SwedenFebruary 28, 1986Stockholm  SwedenOfficial suspect: Stig Engström
Rashid KaramiPrime Minister of LebanonJune 1, 1987Beirut  LebanonKilled by a car bomb planted by unidentified militant
Thomas SankaraPresident of Burkina FasoOctober 15, 1987Ouagadougou  Burkina FasoSoldiers under the command of Gilbert Diendéré
René MoawadPresident of LebanonNovember 22, 1989Beirut  LebanonKilled by a car bomb
Ahmed AbdallahPresident of the ComorosNovember 26, 1989Moroni  ComorosCoup d'état
Nicolae CeaușescuPresident of RomaniaDecember 25, 1989Târgoviște  RomaniaExecution by firing squad
Samuel DoePresident of LiberiaSeptember 9, 1990Monrovia  LiberiaPrince Johnson
Mohamed BoudiafPresident of AlgeriaJune 29, 1992Annaba  AlgeriaLambarek Boumaarafi
Ranasinghe PremadasaPresident of Sri LankaMay 1, 1993Colombo  Sri LankaLTTE
Melchior NdadayePresident of BurundiOctober 21, 1993Bujumbura  BurundiMilitary coup d'état
Juvénal HabyarimanaPresident of RwandaApril 6, 1994Kigali  RwandaPresidential aircraft shootdown
Cyprien NtaryamiraPresident of Burundi
Agathe UwilingiyimanaPrime Minister of RwandaApril 7, 1994Rwandan Armed Forces
Yitzhak RabinPrime Minister of IsraelNovember 4, 1995Tel Aviv  IsraelYigal Amir
Ibrahim Baré MaïnassaraPresident of NigerApril 9, 1999Niamey  NigerMutinous soldiers [106]
Vazgen SargsyanPrime Minister of ArmeniaOctober 27, 1999Yerevan  ArmeniaNairi Hunanyan
Laurent-Désiré KabilaPresident of the Democratic Republic of the CongoJanuary 16, 2001Kinshasa  Democratic Republic of the CongoRashidi Muzele
BirendraKing of NepalJune 1, 2001Narayanhiti Palace, Kathmandu  NepalDipendra
Zoran ĐinđićPrime Minister of SerbiaMarch 12, 2003Belgrade  Serbia and MontenegroZvezdan Jovanović
João Bernardo VieiraPresident of Guinea-BissauMarch 2, 2009Bissau  Guinea-BissauArmed Forces of Guinea-Bissau
Muammar GaddafiBrotherly Leader and Guide of the RevolutionOctober 20, 2011Libya  LibyaNational Transitional Council
Idriss DébyPresident of ChadApril 20, 2021Chad  ChadFront for Change and Concord in Chad[107]
Jovenel MoïsePresident of HaitiJuly 7, 2021Port-au-Prince  HaitiUnknown [108]

Statistics

Gallery

See also

References

Works cited