The governor of Arizona is the head of government of the U.S. state of Arizona.[4] As the top elected official, the governor is the head of the executive branch of the Arizona state government and is charged with faithfully executing state laws.[4] The governor has the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Arizona State Legislature;[5] to convene the legislature;[4] and to grant pardons,[6] except in cases of impeachment. The governor is also the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.[7]
| Governor of Arizona | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Government of Arizona | |
| Style | The Honorable |
| Status | |
| Residence | No official residence |
| Term length | Four years, renewable once consecutively[1] |
| Constituting instrument | Arizona Constitution, article V[2] |
| Inaugural holder | George W. P. Hunt |
| Formation | February 14, 1912 |
| Deputy | None (Lieutenant expected to be elected in 2026) |
| Salary | $95,000 (2013)[3] |
| Website | azgovernor |
Twenty-four people have served as governor over 28 distinct terms. All of the repeat governors were in the state's earliest years, when George W. P. Hunt and Thomas Edward Campbell alternated as governor for 17 years and, after a two-year gap, Hunt served another term. One governor, Evan Mecham, was successfully impeached, and one, Fife Symington, resigned upon being convicted of a felony. The longest-serving governor was Hunt, who was elected seven times and served just under fourteen years. The longest single stint was that of Bruce Babbitt, who was elected to two four-year terms after succeeding to the office following the death of his predecessor, Wesley Bolin, serving nearly nine years total. Bolin had the shortest tenure, dying less than five months after succeeding as governor. Arizona has had five female governors, the most in the United States, and was the first—and until 2019 (when Michelle Lujan Grisham succeeded Susana Martinez in neighboring New Mexico) the only—state where female governors served consecutively.
The governor, as of January 2, 2023, is Democrat Katie Hobbs.
List of governors
Confederate Arizona
In Tucson between April 2 and April 5, 1860, a convention of settlers from the southern half of New Mexico Territory drafted a provisional constitution for "Arizona Territory", three years before the United States would create such a territory. This proposed territory consisted of the part of New Mexico Territory south of 33° 40' north. On April 2,[8] they elected a governor, Lewis S. Owings. The provisional territory was to exist until such time as an official territory was created, but that proposal was rejected by Congress at the time.[9]
On March 16, 1861, soon before the American Civil War broke out, a convention in Mesilla voted that the provisional territory should secede from the Union and join the Confederacy.[10] Lewis S. Owings remained on as the provisional governor of the territory.
The Confederacy took ownership of the territory on August 1, 1861, when forces led by Lieutenant Colonel John R. Baylor won decisive control of the territory, and Baylor proclaimed himself governor.[11] Arizona Territory was formally organized in the Confederacy on January 18, 1862.[12] On March 20, 1862, Baylor issued an order to kill all the adult Apache and take their children into slavery.[11] When Confederate President Jefferson Davis learned of this order, he strongly disapproved and demanded an explanation. Baylor wrote a letter December 29, 1862, to justify his decision, and after this was received, Davis relieved Baylor of his post and commission, calling his letter an "avowal of an infamous crime". By that time, the Confederate government of Arizona Territory was in exile in San Antonio, Texas, as the territory had been effectively lost to Union forces in July 1862;[13] no new governor was appointed.
Territory of Arizona
Arizona Territory was formed on February 24, 1863, from New Mexico Territory, remaining a territory for 49 years.[14]
| No. | Governor | Term in office[a] | Appointing President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| — |  | John A. Gurley (1813–1863) | March 10, 1863 – August 19, 1863 (died before taking office)[b] | Abraham Lincoln |
| 1 |  | John Noble Goodwin (1824–1887) [19] | August 21, 1863[c] – April 10, 1866 (resigned)[d] | Abraham Lincoln |
| 2 |  | Richard Cunningham McCormick (1832–1901) [26] | April 10, 1866[e] – March 4, 1869 (resigned)[f] | Andrew Johnson |
| 3 |  | Anson P. K. Safford (1830–1891) [34] | April 8, 1869[g] – April 5, 1877 (term expired)[h] | Ulysses S. Grant |
| 4 |  | John Philo Hoyt (1841–1926) [40] | April 5, 1877[i] – June 14, 1878 (resigned)[j] | Rutherford B. Hayes |
| 5 |  | John C. Frémont (1813–1890) [45] | June 14, 1878[k] – October 11, 1881 (resigned)[l] | Rutherford B. Hayes |
| 6 |  | Frederick Augustus Tritle (1833–1906) [50] | February 6, 1882[m] – October 7, 1885 (resigned)[n] | Chester A. Arthur |
| 7 | .jpg) | C. Meyer Zulick (1839–1926) [56] | October 15, 1885[o] – March 28, 1889 (successor appointed) | Grover Cleveland |
| 8 | .jpg) | Lewis Wolfley (1839–1910) [62] | March 28, 1889[p] – August 20, 1890 (resigned)[q] | Benjamin Harrison |
| 9 |  | John N. Irwin (1844–1905) [69] | October 1, 1890[r] – April 19, 1892 (resigned)[s] | Benjamin Harrison |
| 10 |  | Oakes Murphy (1849–1908) [75] | May 9, 1892[t] – April 13, 1893 (successor appointed)[u] | Benjamin Harrison |
| 11 |  | L. C. Hughes (1842–1915) [80] | April 8, 1893[v] – April 1, 1896 (successor appointed)[w] | Grover Cleveland |
| 12 |  | Benjamin Joseph Franklin (1839–1898) [85] | April 8, 1896[x] – July 22, 1897 (resigned)[y] | Grover Cleveland |
| 13 |  | Myron H. McCord (1840–1908) [91] | July 17, 1897[z] – August 1, 1898 (resigned)[aa] | William McKinley |
| 14 | | Oakes Murphy (1849–1908) [75] | July 16, 1898[ab] – July 1, 1902 (resigned)[ac] | William McKinley |
| 15 |  | Alexander Oswald Brodie (1849–1918) [105] | May 14, 1902[ad] – February 14, 1905 (resigned)[ae] | Theodore Roosevelt |
| 16 |  | Joseph Henry Kibbey (1853–1924) [111] | February 27, 1905[af] – April 15, 1909 (successor appointed) | Theodore Roosevelt |
| 17 |  | Richard Elihu Sloan (1857–1933) [117] | April 15, 1909[ag] – February 14, 1912 (statehood) | William Howard Taft |
State of Arizona
The state of Arizona was admitted to the Union on February 14, 1912, the last of the contiguous states to be admitted.
The state constitution of 1912 called for the election of a governor every two years.[123] The term was increased to four years by a 1968 amendment.[124][125] The constitution originally included no term limit,[126] but an amendment passed in 1992 allows governors to succeed themselves only once;[123] before this, four governors were elected more than twice in a row. Gubernatorial terms begin on the first Monday in the January following the election.[123] Governors who have served the two term limit can run again after four years out of office.
Arizona is one of the few states which does not have a lieutenant governor. Instead, in the event of a vacancy in the office of governor, the secretary of state, if elected, succeeds to the office. If the secretary of state was appointed rather than elected, or is otherwise ineligible to hold the office of governor, the next elected and eligible person in the line of succession assumes the office. The state constitution specifies the line of succession to be the Secretary of State, Attorney General, State Treasurer and Superintendent of Public Instruction, in that order.[127] If the governor is out of the state or impeached, the next elected officer in the line of succession becomes acting governor until the governor returns or is cleared.[127] In either case, any partial term counts toward the limit of two consecutive terms.
The line of succession has reached beyond the secretary of state only once, when Attorney General Bruce Babbitt became governor upon the death of Wesley Bolin. Rose Mofford had been appointed secretary of state to replace Bolin after Bolin succeeded to the governorship. Bolin had become governor when Raúl Héctor Castro resigned to accept appointment as ambassador to Argentina. Mofford later became acting governor after Evan Mecham was impeached by the House of Representatives, and succeeded to the governorship when Mecham was removed from office after his conviction by the Senate.
| No.[ah] | Governor | Term in office | Party | Election | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  | George W. P. Hunt (1859–1934) [129][130] | February 14, 1912[131] – January 1, 1917 (lost election)[ai] | Democratic[132] | 1911 | |
| 1914 | ||||||
| 2 |  | Thomas Edward Campbell (1878–1944) [133] | January 1, 1917[134] – December 25, 1917 (removed from office) | Republican[132] | 1916[ai] | |
| 1 | | George W. P. Hunt (1859–1934) [129][130] | December 25, 1917[138] – January 6, 1919 (did not run) | Democratic[132] | ||
| 2 | | Thomas Edward Campbell (1878–1944) [133] | January 6, 1919[139] – January 1, 1923 (lost election) | Republican[132] | 1918 | |
| 1920 | ||||||
| 1 | | George W. P. Hunt (1859–1934) [129][130] | January 1, 1923[140] – January 7, 1929 (lost election) | Democratic[132] | 1922 | |
| 1924 | ||||||
| 1926 | ||||||
| 3 | .jpg) | John Calhoun Phillips (1870–1943) [141][142] | January 7, 1929[143] – January 5, 1931 (lost election) | Republican[132] | 1928 | |
| 1 | | George W. P. Hunt (1859–1934) [129][130] | January 5, 1931[144] – January 2, 1933 (lost nomination)[145] | Democratic[132] | 1930 | |
| 4 | .jpg) | Benjamin Baker Moeur (1869–1937) [146][147] | January 2, 1933[148] – January 4, 1937 (lost nomination)[146] | Democratic[132] | 1932 | |
| 1934 | ||||||
| 5 |  | Rawghlie Clement Stanford (1879–1963) [149][150] | January 4, 1937[151] – January 2, 1939 (did not run) | Democratic[132] | 1936 | |
| 6 |  | Robert Taylor Jones (1884–1958) [152][153] | January 2, 1939[154] – January 6, 1941 (lost nomination)[155] | Democratic[132] | 1938 | |
| 7 |  | Sidney Preston Osborn (1884–1948) [156][157] | January 6, 1941[158] – May 25, 1948 (died in office) | Democratic[132] | 1940 | |
| 1942 | ||||||
| 1944 | ||||||
| 1946 | ||||||
| 8 | .jpg) | Dan Edward Garvey (1886–1974) [159][160] | May 25, 1948[161] – January 1, 1951 (lost nomination)[aj] | Democratic[132] | Succeeded from secretary of state | |
| 1948 | ||||||
| 9 | .jpg) | John Howard Pyle (1906–1987) [163][164] | January 1, 1951[165] – January 3, 1955 (lost election) | Republican[132] | 1950 | |
| 1952 | ||||||
| 10 | .png) | Ernest McFarland (1894–1984) [166][167] | January 3, 1955[168] – January 5, 1959 (did not run) | Democratic[132] | 1954 | |
| 1956 | ||||||
| 11 |  | Paul Fannin (1907–2002) [169][170] | January 5, 1959[171] – January 4, 1965 (did not run) | Republican[132] | 1958 | |
| 1960 | ||||||
| 1962 | ||||||
| 12 | .jpg) | Samuel Pearson Goddard Jr. (1919–2006) [172][173] | January 4, 1965[174] – January 2, 1967 (lost election) | Democratic[132] | 1964 | |
| 13 | _(cropped).jpg) | Jack Williams (1909–1998) [175][176] | January 2, 1967[177] – January 6, 1975 (did not run)[ak] | Republican[132] | 1966 | |
| 1968 | ||||||
| 1970[al] | ||||||
| 14 | .png) | Raúl Héctor Castro (1916–2015) [179][180] | January 6, 1975[181] – October 20, 1977 (resigned)[am] | Democratic[132] | 1974 | |
| 15 | .jpg) | Wesley Bolin (1909–1978) [182][183] | October 20, 1977[184] – March 4, 1978 (died in office) | Democratic[183] | Succeeded from secretary of state | |
| 16 | .png) | Bruce Babbitt (b. 1938) [185] | March 4, 1978[186] – January 5, 1987 (did not run) | Democratic[185] | Succeeded from attorney general[an] | |
| 1978 | ||||||
| 1982 | ||||||
| 17 | _(1).jpg) | Evan Mecham (1924–2008) [187] | January 5, 1987[188] – April 4, 1988 (impeached and removed)[ao] | Republican[187] | 1986 | |
| 18 |  | Rose Mofford (1922–2016) [190] | April 4, 1988[191] – March 6, 1991 (did not run) | Democratic[190] | Succeeded from secretary of state | |
| 19 |  | Fife Symington (b. 1945) [192] | March 6, 1991[193] – September 5, 1997 (resigned)[ap] | Republican[192] | 1990–1991[aq] | |
| 1994 | ||||||
| 20 |  | Jane Dee Hull (1935–2020) [196] | September 5, 1997[197] – January 6, 2003 (term-limited)[ar] | Republican[196] | Succeeded from secretary of state | |
| 1998 | ||||||
| 21 |  | Janet Napolitano (b. 1957) [199] | January 6, 2003[200] – January 20, 2009 (resigned)[as] | Democratic[199] | 2002 | |
| 2006 | ||||||
| 22 |  | Jan Brewer (b. 1944) [201] | January 20, 2009[202] – January 5, 2015 (did not run)[at] | Republican[201] | Succeeded from secretary of state | |
| 2010 | ||||||
| 23 |  | Doug Ducey (b. 1964) [204] | January 5, 2015[205] – January 2, 2023 (term-limited)[ar] | Republican[204] | 2014 | |
| 2018 | ||||||
| 24 | _(cropped).jpg) | Katie Hobbs (b. 1969) [206] | January 2, 2023[207] – Incumbent[au] | Democratic[206] | 2022 | |
See also
Notes
References
- General
- "Former Arizona Governors". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- "Arizona Governors". Office of the Governor of Arizona. Retrieved January 20, 2023.
- Goff, John S. (1978). Arizona Territorial Officials Volume II: The Governors 1863–1912. Black Mountain Press. OCLC 5100411.
- McClintock, James H. (1916). Arizona, Prehistoric, Aboriginal, Pioneer, Modern: The Nation's Youngest Commonwealth Within a Land of Ancient Culture. The S.J. Clarke Publishing Co. OCLC 5398889. Retrieved October 11, 2008.
- Wagoner, Jay J. (1970). Arizona Territory 1863–1912: A Political History. University of Arizona Press. ISBN 0816501769.
- Sobel, Robert (1978). Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789–1978, Vol. I. Meckler Books. ISBN 9780930466015. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- McMullin, Thomas A. (1984). Biographical directory of American territorial governors. Westport, CT : Meckler. ISBN 978-0-930466-11-4. Retrieved January 19, 2023.
- Kallenbach, Joseph Ernest (1977). American State Governors, 1776-1976. Oceana Publications. ISBN 978-0-379-00665-0. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
- Dubin, Michael J. (2014). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861-1911: The Official Results by State and County. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5646-8.
- Glashan, Roy R. (1979). American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978. Meckler Books. ISBN 978-0-930466-17-6.
- Finch, L. Boyd (1985). "ARIZONA'S GOVERNORS WITHOUT PORTFOLIO: A Wonderfully Diverse Lot". The Journal of Arizona History. 26 (1): 77–99. ISSN 0021-9053. JSTOR 41859616.
- "Our Campaigns - Governor of Arizona - History". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
- Constitution
- "Constitution of the State of Arizona". Arizona Legislature. 1912. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
- Specific
External links
