List of herbaria in Europe

This is a list of herbaria in Europe, organized first by region where the herbarium is located (using the United Nations geoscheme for Europe), then within each region by size of the collection. For other continents, see List of herbaria.

Map of Europe coded by region according to the United Nations geoscheme for Europe

Eastern Europe

The tables below list herbaria located in Eastern Europe as defined by the United Nations geoscheme for Europe.

Black Sea

The following table includes herbaria located in countries on the Black Sea, including Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, and Ukraine.

Herbaria in countries on the Black Sea
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
"Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University250,000IRomaniaIași
Herbarium Bulgarian Academy of Science160,000SOMBulgariaSofia[1]
Herbarium Agricultural University of Plovdiv150,000SOABulgariaPlovdiv[2]
Herbarium Sofia University106 000SOBulgariaSofia

Czech Republic

The following table includes herbaria located in the Czech Republic.

Herbaria in Czech Republic
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Charles University in Prague2,200,000PRCCzech RepublicPrague[3]

Hungary

The following table includes herbaria located in Hungary.

Herbaria in Hungary
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Hungarian Natural History Museum - Department of Botany2,000,000BPHungaryBudapest[4]
Budakeszi Herbarium - International Dendrological Foundation250,000BKHungaryBudakeszi[5]

Poland

The following table includes herbaria located in Poland.

Herbaria in Poland
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Władysław Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences800,000IB PANPolandKraków[6]

Russia

The following table includes herbaria located in European Russia.

Herbaria in Russia
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Komarov Botanical Institute7,160,000LERussiaSt. Petersburg[7]
Moscow State University1,011,253MWRussiaMoscow[8]
Main Botanical Garden, Russia700,000 (644,337 mounted)MHARussiaMoscow[9]
Saint Petersburg University700,000 (280,000 mounted)LECBRussiaSaint Petersburg[10]
N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry380,000 (179,000 mounted)WIRRussiaSaint Petersburg[11]
Southern Federal University350,000 (280,000 mounted)RVRussiaRostov-on-Don[12]
Komi Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Department295,600SYKORussiaSyktyvkar, Komi Republic[13] [14]
Saint Petersburg S. M. Kirov Forestry Academy, I. P. Borodin Herbarium200,000KFTARussiaSaint Petersburg[15], [16]

Ukraine

Northern Europe

The tables below list herbaria located in Northern Europe as defined by the United Nations geoscheme for Europe: Ireland, the British Isles, Baltic states, Scandinavia, and Iceland.

Baltic states

The following table includes herbaria located in the Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

Herbaria in the Baltic states
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Estonian University of Life Sciences336,000TAAEstoniaTartu
University of Tartu324,000TUEstoniaTartu
Vilnius University300,000WILithuaniaVilnius
University of Latvia, Riga176,000RIGLatviaRiga
University of Latvia, Salaspils175,000LATVLatviaSalaspils
Institute of Botany, Lithuania130,000BILASLithuaniaVilnius
Estonian Museum of Natural History100,000TAMEstoniaTallinn
Tallinn Botanic Garden85,000TALLEstoniaTallinn[17]
National Botanic Garden of Latvia50,000HBALatviaSalaspils

Britain & Ireland

The following table includes herbaria located in Britain & Ireland.

Herbaria in the British Isles
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew7,000,000KUKKew, England[18]
Natural History Museum, London5,200,000BMUKLondon, England[19]
Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh2,000,000EUKEdinburgh, Scotland[20]
University of Cambridge1,000,000CGEUKCambridge, England[21]
University of Manchester1,000,000MANCHUKManchester, England[22]
National Botanic Gardens, Ireland600,000DBNIrelandDublin
National Museums & Galleries of Wales550,000NMWUKCardiff, Wales[23]
Fielding-Druce Herbarium, University of Oxford500,000OXFUKOxford, England[24]
University of Reading400,000RNGUKReading, England[25]
CABI Bioscience UK Centre385,000IMIUKSurrey, England[26]
World Museum Liverpool350,000LIVUKLiverpool, England
Daubeny Herbarium, University of Oxford300,000FHOUKOxford, England[27]
Trinity College230,000TCDIrelandDublin
University of Birmingham150,000BIRMUKBirmingham, England
Royal Horticultural Society (RHS Garden Wisley)140,000WSYUKWisley, England
University of Leicester125,000LTRUKLeicester, England
University of Aberdeen120,000ABDUKAberdeen, Scotland
South London Botanical Institute100,000SLBIUKLondon, England
Nottingham Natural History Museum91,000NOTUKNottingham, England
Leicestershire Museums90,000LSRUKLeicester, England
British Antarctic Survey40,000AASUKCambridge, England[28]
Linnean Society14,000[4]LINNUKLondon, England[29]
Derby Museum and Art Gallery8,000DBYUKDerby, England[30]

Nordic countries

The following table includes herbaria located in the Nordic countries:

Herbaria in Scandinavia
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska riksmuseet)4,400,000SSwedenStockholm[31]
University of Helsinki3,000,000HFinlandHelsinki[32]
Uppsala University3,000,000UPSSwedenUppsala[33]
University of Copenhagen2,510,000CDenmarkCopenhagen[34]
Botanical Museum, Lund2,500,000LDSwedenLund[35]
Botanical Museum, Oslo1,800,000ONorwayOslo[36]
Göteborg University1,600,000GBSwedenGöteborg
University of Turku932,000TURFinlandTurku[37]
University of Aarhus700,000AAUDenmarkAarhus
University of Bergen700,000BGNorwayBergen
University of Oulu500,000OULUFinlandOulu
Norwegian University of Science and Technology430,000TRHNorwayTrondheim
University of Tromsø320,000TROMNorwayTromsø
Kuopio Natural History Museum253,000KUOFinlandKuopio
University of Jyväskylä200,000JYVFinlandJyväskylä
Icelandic Institute of Natural History170,000ICELIcelandReykjavík
Umeå University170,000UMESwedenUmeå
Biological Museum, Oskarshamn155,000OHNSwedenOskarshamn
Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University90,000CPDenmarkCopenhagen
Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Akureyri Division64,000AMNHIcelandAkureyri

Southern Europe

The tables below list herbaria located in Southern Europe as defined by the United Nations geoscheme for Europe.

Balkans

The following table includes herbaria located in the western and southern Balkans, including Albania, Greece and nations formerly part of Yugoslavia.

Herbaria in the Balkans
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Herbarium of the Balkan Peninsula, Natural History Museum490,000BEOSerbiaBelgrade
Goulandris Natural History Museum180,000ATHGreeceKifissia
Herbarium Croaticum, University of Zagreb180,000ZACroatiaZagreb
University of Belgrade150,000BEOUSerbiaBelgrade
University of Ljubljana150,000LJUSloveniaLjubljana
University of Patras150,000UPAGreecePatras
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens117,000ATHUGreeceAthens
Zemaljski Muzej Bosne I. Herzegovine110,000SARABosnia and HerzegovinaSarajevo
Herbarium Ivo and Marija Horvat, University of Zagreb78,000ZAHOCroatiaZagreb
University of Novi Sad60,000BUNSSerbiaNovi Sad
Prirodoslovni Muzej Slovenije50,000LJMSloveniaLjubljana
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki30,000TAUGreeceThessaloniki
Rudjer Boskovic Institute20,000ADRZCroatiaZagreb
Croatian Mycological Society20,000CNFCroatiaZagreb[38]
Herbar Biokovskog Podrucja, Institut Planina i More20,000MAKARCroatiaMakarska
Agricultural University of Athens15,000ACAGreeceAthens

Italy

The following table includes herbaria located in Italy, including Sicily and Sardinia.

Herbaria in Italy
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università3,650,000FIItalyFlorence
Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza1,120,000ROItalyRome
Università degli Studi di Torino1,000,000TOItalyTorino
Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum500,000PALItalyPalermo, Sicily[39]
Università degli Studi di Padova300,000PADItalyPadua
Università di Pisa300,000PIItalyPisa[40]
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale270,000VERItalyVerona
Università di Camerino250,000CAMEItalyCamerino
Università di Catania200,000CATItalyCatania, Sicily[41]
Centro Studi Erbario Tropicale, Università degli Studi di Firenze200,000FTItalyFlorence
Museo Tridentino di Scienze Naturali200,000TRItalyTrento, Trentino[42]
Università degli Studi di Trieste200,000TSBItalyTrieste
Università di Pavia180,000PAVItalyPavia
Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II170,000NAPItalyNaples, Napoli
Centro Ricerche Floristiche Marche150,000PESAItalyPesaro
Università di Bologna130,000BOLOItalyBologna[43]
Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale130,000MFUItalyUdine
Università degli Studi di Roma Tre118,000URTItalyRome
Università di Sassari100,000SSItalySassari, Sardinia
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale100,000TSMItalyTrieste
Università degli Studi di Cagliari80,000CAGItalyCagliari, Sardinia[44]
Università di Genova75,000GEItalyGenoa
Università di Siena75,000SIENAItalySiena[45]
Università degli Studi di Milano60,000MIItalyMilan[46]
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria55,000GDORItalyGenoa
Museo Civico di Rovereto51,000ROVItalyRovereto, Trentino[47]
Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali50,000MRSNItalyTorino
Università degli Studi di Napoli50,000PORUNItalyPortici, Napoli

Spain and Portugal

The following table includes herbaria located in Spain and Portugal, including the Canary Islands.

Herbaria in Spain and Portugal
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Real Jardín Botánico850,000MASpainMadrid[48]
University of Coimbra800,000COIPortugalCoimbra[49]
Institut Botànic de Barcelona700,000BCSpainBarcelona
Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical300,000LISCPortugalLisbon
Universitat de Barcelona300,000BCNSpainBarcelona
Universitat de Sevilla300,000SEVSpainSeville
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, C.S.I.C.260,000JACASpainJaca
Museu Nacional de História Natural, Lisboa250,000LISUPortugalLisbon
Universidad Complutense175,000MAFSpainMadrid
Universitat de València160,000VALSpainValencia[50]
Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Alava140,000VITSpainVitoria-Gasteiz
Universidad de Salamanca110,000SALASpainSalamanca
Estação Agronómica Nacional90,000LISEPortugalOeiras
Universidad de La Laguna83,000TFCSpainLa Laguna, Canary Islands
Universidad de Córdoba80,000COASpainCórdoba[51]
Universidad de León78,000LEBSpainLeón
Alto de Zorroaga s.n.75,000ARANSpainDonostia-San Sebastián
Universidade do Porto73,800POPortugalPorto
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela71,000SANTSpainSantiago de Compostela, Galicia[52]
Universidad de Murcia61,000MUBSpainMurcia
Universidad de Málaga55,000MGCSpainMálaga[53]
Universidad de Alicante50,000ABHSpainAlicante
Jardín Botánico Atlántico, Ayuntamiento de Gijón50,000JBAGSpainGijón, Asturias
Universitat de Girona45,000HGISpainGirona
University of Algarve27,000ALGUPortugalFaro[54]

Turkey

Western Europe

The tables below list herbaria located in Western Europe as defined by the United Nations geoscheme for Europe: France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and the Low Countries.

Austria and Switzerland

The following table includes herbaria located in Austria and Switzerland, as well as Liechtenstein.

Herbaria in Austria and Switzerland
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève6,000,000GSwitzerlandGeneva[55]
Naturhistorisches Museum Wien5,000,000WAustriaVienna[56]
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich2,000,000ZTSwitzerlandZürich[57]
Universität Zürich1,500,000ZSwitzerlandZürich[58][permanent dead link]
Universität Wien1,400,000WUAustriaVienna[59]
Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz800,000GZUAustriaGraz[60]
Musée et Jardins Botaniques Cantonaux800,000LAUSwitzerlandLausanne[61]
Oberösterreichischen Landesmuseums700,000LIAustriaLinz
Universität Basel520,000BAS, BASBGSwitzerlandBasel
Université de Neuchâtel455,000NEUSwitzerlandNeuchâtel
University of Bern410,000BERNSwitzerlandBern[62]
Steiermärkisches Landesmuseum Joanneum350,000GJOAustriaGraz[63]
Tyrolean State Museum300,000IBFAustriaInnsbruck
Museo cantonale di storia naturale200,000LUGSwitzerlandLugano
Landesmuseum für Kärnten160,000KLAustriaKlagenfurt[64]
Haus der Natur100,000SZBAustriaSalzburg
Universität Innsbruck100,000IBAustriaInnsbruck[65]
Natur-Museum Luzern90,000NMLUSwitzerlandLucerne[66]
University of Salzburg63,000SZUAustriaSalzburg
Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests,
Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW)
50,000WFBVAAustriaVienna

France

The following table includes herbaria located in France (including Corsica) and Monaco.

Herbaria in France
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle9,500,000P, PCFranceParis[67]
Université Montpellier4,000,000MPUFranceMontpellier
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 14,000,000LYFranceLyon[68]
Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Grenoble700,000GRMFranceGrenoble
Institut des Herbiers Universitaires de Clermont-Ferrand550,000CLFFranceClermont-Ferrand[69]
Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle d'Aix-en-Provence420,000AIXFranceAix-en-Provence
Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle d'Autun400,000AUTFranceAutun
Muséum Requien400,000AVFranceAvignon
Jardin Botanique de la Ville de Bordeaux350,000BORDFranceBordeaux
Muséum des sciences naturelles d'Angers350,000ANGFranceAngers
Institut de Botanique300,000STRFranceStrasbourg
Université Paul Sabatier300,000TLFranceToulouse
Muséum-Jardin des Sciences250,000MJSDFranceDijon
Université Catholiques de l'Ouest250,000ANGFranceAngers
Centre d'Étude et de Conservation des Resources Végétales200,000GABASFranceBayonne
Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Nice200,000NICEFranceNice
Société Nationale des Sciences Naturelles et Mathématiques de Cherbourg200,000CHEFranceCherbourg
Jardin Botanique de la Ville de Lyon140,000LYJBFranceLyon[70]
Campus scientifique de Beaulieu and Campus Villejean112,000RENFranceRennes
Conservatoire Botanique National Alpin100,000GAPFranceGap
Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Nantes100,000NTMFranceNantes

Germany

The following table includes herbaria located in Germany.

Herbaria in Germany
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem,
Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universität Berlin
3,000,000BGermanyBerlin[71]
University of Jena3,000,000JEGermanyJena[72]
Botanische Staatssammlung München2,500,000MGermanyMunich[73]
Biozentrum Klein-Flottbek1,400,000HBGGermanyHamburg[74]
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg1,000,000FRGermanyFrankfurt am Main[75]
Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde1,000,000STUGermanyStuttgart
University of Göttingen750,000GOETGermanyGöttingen[76]
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research545,000GATGermanyGatersleben
University of Halle-Wittenberg450,000HALGermanyHalle[77][permanent dead link]
Übersee-Museum375,000BREMGermanyBremen
Technische Universität Dresden350,000DRGermanyDresden
University of Marburg300,000MBGermanyMarburg[78]
Westfälisches Museum für Naturkunde300,000MSTRGermanyMünster
Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe270,000KRGermanyKarlsruhe
University of Tübingen250,000TUBGermanyTübingen
University of Greifswald250,000GFWGermanyGreifswald
University of Heidelberg250,000HEIDGermanyHeidelberg
Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz178,000GLMGermanyGörlitz
University of Leipzig170,000LZGermanyLeipzig[79]
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg158,000ERGermanyErlangen[80]
Palatine Museum of Natural History (Pfalzmuseum für Naturkunde)150,000POLLGermanyBad Dürkheim
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich140,000MSBGermanyMünchen[81]
University of Regensburg140,000REGGermanyRegensburg
Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin100,000BHUPMGermanyBerlin[82]
Museum Wiesbaden100,000WIESGermanyWiesbaden[83]
Universität Hohenheim (210)100,000HOHGermanyStuttgart
Bundesamt für Naturschutz90,000BNLGermanyBonn
University of Kiel (Christian-Albrechts-Universität)90,000KIELGermanyKiel

Low Countries

The following table includes herbaria located in Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands and Cyprus

Herbaria in the Low Countries
NameNo. Specimens[1]Abbr.CountryCityWebsite
Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Nationaal Herbarium Nederland)5,700,000L, U, WAGNetherlandsLeiden[84]
Meise Botanic Garden4,000,000BRBelgiumMeise[85]
Université de Liège400,000LGBelgiumLiège
Ghent University250,000GENTBelgiumGhent[86]
Université Libre de Bruxelles215,000BRLUBelgiumBrussels[87]
Adviesbureau voor Bryologie en Lichenologie50,000ABLNetherlandsSoest
State University of Groningen50,000GRONetherlandsHaren
Musée national d'histoire naturelle50,000LUXLuxembourgLuxembourg
Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht50,000MAASNetherlandsMaastricht
Near East University Herbarium6,500NEUNCyprusNicosia[88]

References