List of current cardinals

The College of Cardinals is divided into three orders, with formal precedence in the following sequence:^[1]

1. Cardinal bishops (CB): the six cardinals who are assigned the titles of the seven suburbicarian dioceses in the vicinity of Rome by the pope,^[a] plus a few other cardinals who have been exceptionally co-opted into the order,^[9][10] as well as patriarchs who head one of the Eastern Catholic Churches.^[8][11] The two most senior cardinal bishops, who are elected by the cardinal bishops from among themselves (excluding the Eastern Catholic patriarchs) and approved by the pope, are the dean and the vice dean,^[1] currently Giovanni Battista Re and Leonardo Sandri, respectively; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal bishop is Pietro Parolin.^[b]
2. Cardinal priests (CP): bishops typically in charge of dioceses around the world, as well as former cardinal deacons who have opted to be elevated to the order.^[12] The most senior cardinal priest is the protopriest, currently Michael Michai Kitbunchu; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal priest is Vinko Puljić.^[b]
3. Cardinal deacons (CD): bishops who work in the Roman Curia or the diplomatic service of the Holy See, and all other clergy, including priests who have been granted a dispensation not to be consecrated a bishop. They have the choice (Latin: optatio) of opting to become cardinal priests after having been cardinal deacons for ten years.^[1][13] The most senior cardinal deacon is the protodeacon, currently Renato Martino; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal deacon is James Michael Harvey and the junior cardinal deacon is Ángel Fernández Artime.^[b]

For cardinal bishops (excluding the Eastern Catholic patriarchs), the dean is first in precedence, followed by the vice-dean and then, in order of appointment as cardinal bishops, by the remainder. For cardinal bishops who are Eastern Catholic patriarchs, for cardinal priests and for cardinal deacons, precedence is determined by the date of the consistory in which they were created cardinals and then by the order in which they appeared in the official announcement or bulletin.

All cardinals listed are members of the Latin Church unless otherwise stated. Cardinals belonging to institutes of consecrated life or to societies of apostolic life are indicated by the relevant post-nominal letters. Cardinals in charge of dioceses are classified under the country where their diocese is located, although they may be citizens of a different country.

At present, 127 of 237 cardinals are eligible to participate in a papal conclave. The number of votes required to be elected pope with a two-thirds supermajority,^[3][257] if all 127 cardinal electors were to participate (notwithstanding the maximum of 120 specified in Universi Dominici gregis), would be 85.

Cardinals by appointing Pope

This table indicates the number of current cardinals created by each pope and belonging to each order of the college.

Cardinals by particular church sui iuris

While most cardinals belong to the Latin Church, which encompasses the vast majority of Catholics, a small number of cardinals belong to one of the twenty-three autonomous (sui iuris) Eastern Catholic Churches. At present, there are six Eastern Catholic cardinals, including four cardinal electors, belonging to six particular churches sui iuris:

• Béchara Boutros Raï (Maronite Church)
• Louis Raphaël I Sako (Chaldean Church), cardinal elector
• George Alencherry (Syro-Malabar Church), cardinal elector
• Lucian Mureșan (Romanian Greek Church)
• Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal (Syro-Malankara Church), cardinal elector
• Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel (Ethiopian Church), cardinal elector

Cardinals by institute of consecrated life or society of apostolic life

At present, there are 59 cardinals, including 31 cardinal electors, who are members of the religious life, representing 29 institutes of consecrated life and societies of apostolic life. Common names for members, if different, are given in brackets in this table.

Cardinals by continent

For the purposes of this article, countries are grouped into continents generally according to the regions of the United Nations geoscheme; for the region of the Americas, North America comprises the subregions of Northern America, Central America and the Caribbean, while South America comprises the remaining subregion of the same name.^[258] Statistics for the global distribution of Catholics are taken from the 2021 edition^[update] of the Annuarium Statisticum Ecclesiae (Statistical Yearbook of the Church).^[259]

Cardinals by country

At present, 91 countries are represented in the College of Cardinals, including 66 with at least one cardinal elector. The countries with the greatest numbers of cardinals are Italy (forty-eight), the United States (seventeen), and Spain (fourteen). Among the cardinal electors, the countries with the greatest numbers are Italy (fourteen), the United States (eleven), and Spain (seven).

• Cardinals created by John Paul II
• Cardinals created by Benedict XVI
• Cardinals created by Francis
• Cardinal electors in the 2013 papal conclave
• Council of Cardinal Advisers
• List of creations of cardinals
• Suburbicarian diocese
• Titular church (List of titular churches)

• Media related to Cardinals at Wikimedia Commons
• Holy See Press Office, The College of Cardinals
• GCatholic.org, College of Cardinals