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List of presidents of the Indian National Congress

The president of the Indian National Congress is the chief executive of the Indian National Congress (INC), one of the principal political parties in India.[1] Constitutionally, the president is elected by an electoral college composed of members drawn from the Pradesh Congress Committees and members of the All India Congress Committee (AICC).[2] In the event of any emergency because of any cause such as the death or resignation of the president elected as above, the most senior general secretary discharges the routine functions of the president until the Working Committee appoints a provisional president pending the election of a regular president by the AICC.[2] The president of the party has effectively been the party's national leader, head of the party's organisation, head of the Working Committee, the chief spokesman, and all chief Congress committees.[3]

President of the Indian National Congress
Incumbent
Mallikarjun Kharge
since 26 October 2022 (2022-10-26)
Residence24 Akbar Road, New Delhi
AppointerCommittee consisting of members of the Indian National Congress from the National and State Committees
Term lengthno term limit
Constituting instrumentConstitution of the Indian National Congress[1]
PrecursorSonia Gandhi
Formation28 December 1885 (1885-12-28)
First holderWomesh Chandra Bonnerjee (1885–1886)
WebsiteOfficial website

After the party's foundation in December 1885, Wyomesh Chandra Banerjee became its first president. From 1885 to 1933, the presidency had a term of one year only. From 1933 onwards, there was no such fixed term for the president.[4] During Jawaharlal Nehru's premiership, he rarely held the Presidency of INC, even though he was always head of the Parliamentary Party. Despite being a party with a structure, Congress under Indira Gandhi did not hold any organisational elections after 1978.[5] In 1978, Gandhi split from the INC and formed a new opposition party, popularly called Congress (I), which the national election commission declared to be the real Indian National Congress for the 1980 general election.[6][7][8] Gandhi institutionalised the practice of having the same person as the Congress president and the prime minister of India after the formation of Congress (I).[9] Her successors Rajiv Gandhi and P. V. Narasimha Rao also continued that practice. Nonetheless, in 2004, when the Congress was voted back into power, Manmohan Singh became the first and only prime minister not to be the president of the party since establishment of the practice of the president holding both positions.[10]

A total of 61 people have served as the president of the Indian National Congress since its formation.[11] Sonia Gandhi is the longest serving president of the party, having held the office for over twenty years from 1998 to 2017 and from 2019 to 2022. The latest election of president was held on 17 October 2022,[12] in which Mallikarjun Kharge became the new president defeating Shashi Tharoor.[13]

List of party presidents

The founding years (1885–1900)

List of presidents during 1885–1900
No.Year(s) of presidencyLeaderPortraitPlace of conferenceReference(s)[14]
11885Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee Bombay[15]
[16]
[17]
21886Dadabhai Naoroji Calcutta[18]
31887Badruddin Tyabji Madras[19]
[20]
41888George Yule Allahabad[21]
51889William Wedderburn Bombay[22]
61890Pherozeshah Mehta Calcutta[22]
71891Panapakkam Anandacharlu Nagpur[23]
81892Womesh Chandra Banerjee Allahabad[15]
[16]
[17]
91893Dadabhai Naoroji Lahore[18]
101894Alfred Webb Madras[22]
111895Surendranath Banerjee Poona[22]
121896Rahimtulla M. Sayani Calcutta[22]
131897C. Sankaran Nair Amaravati[24]
141898Anandamohan Bose Madras[24]
151899Romesh Chunder Dutt Lucknow[24]
161900N. G. Chandavarkar Lahore[24]

The pre-independence era (1901–1947)

List of presidents during 1901–1947
No.Year(s) of presidencyNamePortraitPlace of conferenceReference(s)[14]
171901Dinshaw Edulji Wacha Calcutta[25]
181902Surendranath Banerjee Ahmedabad[22]
191903Lalmohan GhoshMadras[23]
201904Henry John Stedman Cotton Bombay[26]
211905Gopal Krishna Gokhale Benares[23]
221906Dadabhai Naoroji Calcutta[18]
231907Rashbihari Ghosh Surat[23]
241908Madras[23]
251909Madan Mohan Malaviya Lahore[23]
261910William Wedderburn Allahabad[22]
271911Bishan Narayan DarCalcutta[23]
281912Raghunath Narasinha Mudholkar Bankipore[23]
291913Nawab Syed Muhammad BahadurKarachi[23]
301914Bhupendra Nath Bose Madras[23]
311915Satyendra Prasanno Sinha Bombay[24]
321916Ambica Charan Mazumdar Lucknow[24]
331917Annie Besant Calcutta[24]
341918Madan Mohan Malaviya Delhi[23]
351918Syed Hasan Imam Bombay (special session)[24]
361919Motilal Nehru Amritsar[24]
371920Lala Lajpat Rai Calcutta (Special Session)[24]
381920C. Vijayaraghavachariar Nagpur[27]
391921Hakim Ajmal Khan Ahmedabad[27]
401922Chittaranjan Das Gaya[27]
411923Mohammad Ali Jauhar Kakinada[27]
421923Abul Kalam Azad Delhi (Special Session)[27]
431924Mahatma Gandhi Belgaum[28]
441925Sarojini Naidu Kanpur[27]
451926S. Srinivasa Iyengar Guwahati[27]
461927Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari Madras[27]
471928Motilal Nehru Calcutta[24]
481929Jawaharlal Nehru Lahore[27]
491930Karachi[27]
501931Vallabhbhai Patel Karachi[27]
511932Madan Mohan Malaviya Delhi[23]
521933Nellie Sengupta Calcutta[29]
531934Rajendra Prasad Bombay[30]
541935Lucknow[30]
551936Jawaharlal Nehru Lucknow[27]
561937Faizpur[27]
571938Subhas Chandra Bose Haripura[28]
[31]
581939Tewar, Madhya Pradesh
(then Tripuri)		[28]
[31]
591939 (March)Rajendra Prasad Tewar, Madhya Pradesh
(then Tripuri)		[30]
601940–46Abul Kalam Azad Ramgarh[27]
611946 (July-Sept)Jawaharlal Nehru [32]
621946–47J. B. Kripalani Meerut[33]

The post-independence era (1948–present)

List of presidents since independence
No.Year(s) of PresidencyNamePortraitPlace of ConferenceReference(s)[14]
621948–1949Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya Jaipur[33]
631950Purushottam Das Tandon Nashik[33]
641951–1952Jawaharlal Nehru Delhi[34]
[31]
651953Hyderabad[34]
[31]
661954Kalyani[34]
[31]
671955U. N. Dhebar Avadi[23]
681956Amritsar[23]
691957Indore[23]
701958Gauhati[23]
711959Nagpur[23]
721959Indira Gandhi Delhi (special session)[35]
[36]
731960Neelam Sanjiva Reddy Bangalore[33]
741961Bhavnagar[33]
751962–1963Patna[33]
761964K. Kamaraj Bhubaneswar[33]
771965Durgapur[33]
781966–1967Jaipur[33]
791968S. Nijalingappa Hyderabad[33]
801969Faridabad[33]
811970–1971Jagjivan Ram Mumbai[33]
821972–74Shankar Dayal Sharma Calcutta[33]
831975–77Devakanta Barua Chandigarh[33]
841977–78Kasu Brahmananda Reddy Chandigarh[37]
851978–83Indira Gandhi New Delhi[35]
[36]
851983Calcutta[35]
[36]
861985–1991Rajiv Gandhi Bombay[38]
[39]
[40]
871992P. V. Narasimha Rao Tirupati[23]
881993Surajkund[23]
891994Delhi[23]
901996–1998Sitaram Kesri Calcutta[23]
911998–2001Sonia Gandhi New Delhi[41]
[42]
922001–2004Bangalore[41]
[42]
932004–2006New Delhi[41]
[42]
942006–2010Hyderabad[41]
[42]
952010–2017New Delhi[41]
[42]
962017–2019Rahul Gandhi New Delhi[43]
972019–2022Sonia Gandhi Jaipur[41]
[42]
982022–IncumbentMallikarjun Kharge New Delhi[44]

See also

References

External links

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