This is a list of town tramway systems in Brazil by Estado. It includes all tram systems, past and present.
Alagoas
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maceió | Steam | 1868-03-23 | ? | [1] | ||
| Horse | 1871-12-25 | ? | [2] | |||
| electric | 1914-June-12 | 1956 ca. | [3] | |||
| Penedo | Horse | 1909-01-01 | 1936-12-31 | [4] |
Amazonas
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manaus | Steam | 1895 ca. | 1898 ca. | [5], [6] | ||
| electric | 1899-Aug-01 | 1957-02-28 | [7], [8] Operation suspended 1954 - 1956. |
Bahia
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alagoinhas | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Cachoeira | Horse | 1872-10-30 | 1921 | [9] | ||
| Ilhéus | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Nazaré | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Steam | ? | ? | ||||
| Salvador | Horse | 1860 | ? | [10], [11] | ||
| Steam | 1869-May-12 | ? | [12], [13] | |||
| electric | 1897-03-14 | 1961-Sep | [14], [15], [16] | |||
| Santo Amaro | Horse | 1874-01-01 | 1962 | [17] |
Ceará
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fortaleza | Horse | 1880-04-25 (or ca. 1875) | ? | [18] | ||
| electric | 1913-Oct-09 | 1947-05-19 | [19] | |||
| Sobral | Horse | 1894 | 1918 | [20] |
Espírito Santo
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cachoeiro de Itapemirim | electric | 1924-12-25 | 1938-June-04 | [22] | ||
| Vila Velha | 1000 | electric | 1912-Apr-12 | 1967-12-15 | [23], [24] Connected Paul (ferry terminal for Vitória) and Vila Velha. | |
| Vitória | Horse | 1907-July-11 | 1913 by | [25], [26] | ||
| electric | 1911-07-21 | 1963-05-23 | [27], [28] |
Goiás
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goiás | Horse | ? | ? |
Maranhão
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caxias | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Dom Pedro | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| São Luís | Horse | 1872 ca. | ? | [29] | ||
| electric | 1924-09-15 | 1966-Dec | [30] | |||
| ♦ Tirirical | electric | 1978-10-26 | 1983 | [31] |
Mato Grosso
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cuiabá | Mule | 1891-04-30 | 1935 | [32] | ||
| Cuiabá | electric | 2014 | [33] |
Minas Gerais
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Além Paraíba | 1000 | Mule | 1895 | 1925 (?) | [34] | |
| 1000 | electric | 1925-11-15 | 1939-07-25 | [35] Closed following an accident. | ||
| Belo Horizonte | Steam | 1895-Sep-07 | ? | [36], [37] | ||
| Horse | 1899-02-16 | ? | [38], [39] | |||
| electric | 1902-Sep-02 | 1963-06-30 | [40], [41] | |||
| Bom Sucesso | 1000 | electric | 1930-09-21 | 1950 (?) | [42] | |
| Campanha | Mule | 1911 | ? | [43] | ||
| Steam | 1911 (?) | ? | [44] | |||
| Petrol (gasoline) (?) | [45] | |||||
| electric (?) | [46] see note. | |||||
| Cataguases | Horse | 1910-11-25 1915-Aug-10 | 1914 1918-03-24 | [47] | ||
| Caxambu | 750 | Horse | 1911 | 1925 | [48] | |
| Guarará | Mule | 1895 | 1923 | [49] | ||
| Juiz de Fora | 1000 | Horse | 1889-Sep-07 | ? | [50] | |
| 1000 | electric | 1906-June-06 | 1969-04-14 | [51] | ||
| Lavras | 1000 | electric | 1911-10-21 | 1967-Noc-08 | [52] | |
| Mar de Espanha | Horse (?) | [53] see note. | ||||
| Nova Lima - Rapopos | 660 | electric | 1913-Apr-03 | 1970 ca. | [54] | |
| Ouro Preto | Mule | 1888-Dec-01 | 1891 ca. | [55] | ||
| Pedro Leopoldo | 1000 | Mule | 1907 | 1930 | [56] | |
| Sacramento - Cipó | 1000 | electric | 1913-11-15 | 1937-Oct | [57] | |
| São Lourenço | Horse | 1905 | 1932 | [58] | ||
| Telófilo Otoni | Horse | 1918-Sep | 1938-May | [59] | ||
| Ubá | Mule | 1895 | 1922 | [60] |
- Note for Campanha: Morrison (1989, page 87) [61] describes conflicting information on whether the tramway was electrified, and when it closed.
- Note for Mar de Espanha: Morrison (1989, page 79) [62] states that one source (dated 1889) mentions a tramway in this town, but no other information could be located.
Pará
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belém | Steam | 1869-Sep-01 | ? | [63], [64] | ||
| Mule | 1870 | 1908-07-21 | [65], [66] | |||
| electric | 1907-08-15 | 1947-04-27 | [67], [68] Heritage tramway opened 18 August 2005 [69]. | |||
| Mosqueiro | Horse | 1913 ca. (?) | ? | [70] | ||
| San Antônio do Prata | Horse | 1907 | 1914 | [71] Replaced by railway branch line. |
Paraíba
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Itabaiana | Horse | 1914 | 1929 | [72] | ||
| João Pessoa | Horse | 1896-June-06 | ? | [73] | ||
| Steam | 1906-10-21 | 1919 | [74] | |||
| Petrol (gasoline) | 1911-02-15 | 1919 | [75] | |||
| electric | 1914-02-19 | 1958 | [76] |
Paraná
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curitiba | Mule | 1887-Nov-08 | 1913 | [77], [78] | ||
| electric | 1913-Jan-07 | 1952-Jun | [79], [80] | |||
| Paranaguá | Steam | 1893-Dec-07 | 1938 | [81] | ||
| Mule | ? | 1938 | [82] | |||
| Petrol (gasoline) | ? | 1938 | [83] |
Pernambuco
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afogados da Ingazeira | Horse | 1895 | 1914 ca. | [84] | ||
| Arcoverde | Horse | ? | ? | [85] See Carpina (below). | ||
| Carpina | Horse | ? | ? | [86] Morrison (1989, page 55) cites a Recife historian who states that this town had a tramway. | ||
| Caruaru | Horse | ? | ? | [87] See Carpina (above). | ||
| Limoeiro | Horse | ? | ? | [88] | ||
| Petrol (gasoline) | ? | 1952 | [89] | |||
| Palmares | Horse | ? | ? | [90] See Carpina (above). | ||
| Pesqueira | Horse | 191_ | 193_ | [91] | ||
| Recife | Steam | 1867-Jan-05 | 1922 | [92], [93] | ||
| Mule | 1871-09-22 | ? | [94], [95] | |||
| electric | 1914-05-13 | 1954-Mar | [96], [97] Service (one daily return trip, worked by a single car) resumed because of court action by the local authority, and continued to 1960. | |||
| Timbaúba | Horse | 1915-10-10 | 193_ | [98] | ||
| Triunfo | Horse | ? | ? | [99] See Carpina (above). |
- Garanhuns - Diesel traction [100]. Test operations conducted with a former Recife tramcar, equipped with a diesel engine, in 1968 over a (then recently closed) railway branch. The engine, overloaded by large numbers of passengers seeking to ride on opening day, failed. Public service was not attempted thereafter.
- Goiana - Horse traction (?). Morrison (1989, page 55) [101] states that an 1873 brochure issued by the Brazilian government mentions a tramway project in this town; it is not known whether the tramway was built.
Piauí
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parnaíba | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Teresina | Horse | ? | ? | [102] |
Rio de Janeiro
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barra do Piraí | Mule | ? | ? | |||
| Campos (dos Goytacazes) | 1000 | Mule | 1875-09-19 | 1916 | [1] | |
| 1000 | electric | 1916-10-14 1923 | 1918-09-15 1964-11-15 | [1] | ||
| Petrol (gasoline) | 1918 | 1923 | [1] | |||
| Macaé | 1000 | Mule | 1872-06-29 | 1932 | [1] | |
| Magé | Horse | 1873-Feb-04 | 1896-Nov-01 | [1] Temporary operation on planned railway route. | ||
| Manuel Duarte | Horse | 1883 | 1911 | [1] Connected Paraibuna and Manuel Duarte. Replaced by railway line. | ||
| Mendes | Mule | 1889 | 1912 ca. | [1] See note. | ||
| Nova Friburgo | 1100 | Mule | 1883 | 1933 | [1] | |
| Petrópolis | 1000 | electric | 1912-12-13 | 1939-07-15 | [1] | |
| Riberão das Lajes | Petrol (gasoline) | 1906 | 1935 | [1] Operated over former dam-construction railway from Nicanor Pereira. | ||
| (São Sebastião do) Rio de Janeiro | VLT (Rio de Janeiro) | Horse | 1859-01-31 1868-Oct-09 | 1862-Sep 1910-03-26 | [2] | |
| Steam | 1862-Sep 1882 | 1866-11-28 ? | [2] | |||
| electric | 1892-Oct-08 | 1967-12-21 | [2] | |||
| 1435 | electric | 2016-Jun-06 | ||||
| ♦ Madureira | Horse | 1911-09-28 | 1928 | [2] | ||
| electric | 1928-Oct-12 | ? | [2] | |||
| ♦ Santa Teresa | Santa Teresa Tram | Horse | 1875-05-25 | 1897-Jun | ,[2] http://www.tramz.com/br/rj/st/st.html , [103] | |
| 1100 | electric | 1896-Sep-01 | [2] | |||
| ♦ Campo Grande | electric | 1917-05-17 | 1967-10-31 | [1] | ||
| ♦ Ilha do Governador | electric | 1922-Oct-04 | 1965-Apr-10 | [2] | ||
| ♦ Santa Cruz | 820 | Horse | 1880 | 1911 | [1] | |
| ♦ Niterói | Horse | 1871-Oct-09 | 1908-08-15 | [1] | ||
| Accumulator (storage battery) | 1883-Oct-07 | 1885-Feb (after) | [1] | |||
| electric | 1906-10-31 | 1964-07-31 | [1] | |||
| ♦♦ São Gonçalo | Steam | 1899-Aug-05 | 1917-Feb | [1] Connected Niterói (Neves) and Alcântara. | ||
| Petrol (gasoline) | 1917-02-15 | 1925-Jul | [1] Connected Niterói (Neves) and Alcântara. | |||
| electric | 1910-08-25 | 1964-07-31 | [1] Connected Niterói and Alcântara. See note. | |||
| Teresópolis | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Vassouras | Mule | 1883-July-11 | 1914 | [1] |
- Barra do Piraí - Peschkes (Part 1, 1980, page 45) lists a tramway (using animal traction) in this town. Morrison (1989, page 120) states that an 1888 government report describes three concessions for tramway construction, and a 1922 publication includes two photographs showing track and overhead wire in streets. However, he adds that a visit to the city "failed to produce any information about the existence of a passenger tramway."
- Note for Mendes: Tramway extended from Humberto Antunes railway station. Electric traction (for goods) and petrol traction (for passengers), ca. 1912 - 1952. Unconnected line extended from Mendes railway station, horse traction, 1900 - 1932.
- Note for Niterói: Niterói tramway undertaking extended to São Gonçalo from 25 August 1910 (electric traction). São Gonçalo tramway absorbed by Niterói undertaking from 1921.
- Notes for Rio de Janeiro: Period of no tramway operation following closure of first line (to Tijuca, in 1866) and opening of the second line (to Largo do Machado) on 9 October 1868 (later extended to Jardim Botânico). Tijuca line reopened (by a new undertaking) on 19 January 1870. First tramway line in Zona Norte opened 29 November 1873.
- Experiments with accumulator (storage battery) traction on 2 July 1887 and 16 July 1887.
- Electric traction inaugurated in Zona Sul on 8 October 1892, and in Zona Norte on 1 July 1905. Last line in Zona Norte closed 21 May 1963. Only one line (in Zona Sul) remained in operation after 17 May 1965.
- Alto da Boa Vista line [104] retained as tourist line, but operation suspended because of storm damage 10 January 1966 – May 1966. Operation again suspended because of storm damage, 22 January 1967 – Mar 1967. Following a period of intermittent operation, the line was declared closed on 21 December 1967.
- Note for Santa Cruz: Connected Santa Cruz and Itaguaí (1880 - 1907, replaced by railway branch), and Santa Cruz and Sepetiba (27 June 1884 - 1911).
Rio Grande do Norte
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macau | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Mossoró | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Steam | ? | ? | ||||
| Natal | Horse | 1908-Sep-07 | ? | [105] | ||
| electric | 1911-Oct-02 | 1955-May | [106] |
Rio Grande do Sul
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bagé | Horse (?) | ? | ? | [107] | ||
| Cassino | Horse (?) | ? | ? | [108] | ||
| Passo Fundo | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Pelotas | 1435 | Horse | 1873-09-09 | 1915 ca. | [109] | |
| 1435 | electric | 1915-10-20 | 1955-Apr | [110] | ||
| Porto Alegre | Mule | 1864-Nov-01 1873-Jan-04 | 1872 1914 | [111], [112] | ||
| electric | 1908-Mar-10 | 1970-Mar-08 | [113], [114] | |||
| Rio Grande | 1000 | Mule | 1876-July-05 | 1912 ca. | [115] | |
| 1000 | electric | 1911-11-15 | 1967-06-15 | [116] | ||
| Santa Maria | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| São Leopoldo | 1000 | Horse | 1914-11-29 | 1915 | [117] | |
| Uruguaiana | Horse (?) | ? | ? | [118] |
Santa Catarina
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florianópolis | Mule | 1880-Nov-06 1909-June-05 | 1885 193_ | [119] | ||
| Joinville | Mule | 1911-01-29 | 1917-Apr-10 | [120] |
São Paulo
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | width=80px Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Campinas | electric | 1912-06-24 | 1968-05-24 | [121] | ||
| electric | 1972-Nov-05 | Heritage tramway, (operates on Saturdays and Sundays, year round). | ||||
| ♦ Campinas - Joaquím Egido - Souzas - Cabras | Steam | 1894 | 1917 | [122] | ||
| electric | 1917-03-18 | 1960-02-10 | [123] | |||
| ♦ Joaquím Egido - Doutor Lacerda | Petrol (gasoline) | 1919 | 1939-Oct-01 | [124] | ||
| Campos do Jordão | Petrol (gasoline) | 1914-11-15 1924-12-21 | 1916 1956 | [125], [126], [127] | ||
| 1000 | electric | 1956 | [128], [129], [130] | |||
| ♦ Pindamonhangaba - Campos do Jordão | Petrol (gasoline) | 1914-11-15 | 1916 ca. | [131], [132], [133] Goods trains worked by steam. Line not operated between ca. 1916 and 1924. | ||
| electric | 1924-12-21 | [134], [135], [136] Operation suspended 1982 - Oct 1986. | ||||
| Guaratinguetá | Mule | 1898 | 1920 ca. | [137] | ||
| electric | 1914-Mar-07 | 1957 ca. | [138] Line connected Guaratinguetá and Aparecida. | |||
| ♦ Aparecida | Mule | 1895 | 1913 | [139] | ||
| electric | 1913-Dec-08 | 1957 ca. | [140] | |||
| Jundiaí | 600 | Mule | 1893 | 1896 | [141] | |
| (electric) | Morrison (1989, page 46) [142] states that an electric tramway project in 1914 was stopped because of the First World War. | |||||
| Lorena | Mule | 1886-10-18 | 1896 | [143] | ||
| Piracicaba | 1000 | electric | 1916-01-15 | 1969-Oct-03 | [144] | |
| Piraju | 1000 | electric | 1915-Aug-01 | 1931 (or 2 August 1937) | Morrison (1989, page 159) [145], [146] describes conflicting information about the date of closure. | |
| ♦ Piraju - Sarutaiá | electric | 1915-08-15 | 1931 (or 2 August 1937) | Morrison (1989, page 159) [147], [148] describes conflicting information about the date of closure. | ||
| Ribeirão Preto | (electric) | Peschkes (Part 1, 1980, page 46) states that the tramway was constructed, but not opened. | ||||
| Santo André | Horse | ? | ? | |||
| Santos | Mule | 1871-Oct-08 | 1912-May-03 | |||
| Electric | 1909-04-28 | 1971-02-28 | ||||
| Santos heritage tramway | Electric | 10 June 1984 | October 1986 | First heritage tramway[3] | ||
| Santos heritage tramway | Electric | 23 Sep 2000 | Second heritage tramway[4] | |||
| Santos light rail | Electric | 31 Jan 2016 | Modern tramway/light rail[5] | |||
| ♦ São Vicente | 1350 | Mule | 1875-10-24 | 1909 | [149] | |
| electric | 1909-04-28 | ? | [150] Operated as part of Santos system. | |||
| ♦ Guarujá - Itapema | Steam | 1893 | 1925 | [151] | ||
| 1000 | electric | 1925-Jan-11 | 1956-07-13 | [152] | ||
| São Carlos | Horse | 1895 | 1896 | [153], [154] Tramway closed because of yellow fever epidemic. | ||
| electric | 1914-12-27 | 1962-06-16 | [155], [156] | |||
| São Paulo | Mule | 1872-Oct-12 | 1907 | [157] | ||
| Steam | 1886-03-14 | 1914 | [158][permanent dead link] | |||
| electric | 1900-May-07 | 1968-03-27 | [159] | |||
| ♦ São Bernardo do Campo | 1000 | Petrol (gasoline) | 1923-May-03 | 1930-Oct-05 | [160] Tramway connected São Bernardo do Campo and São Caetano (do Sul). | |
| ♦ Tramway da Cantareira | Steam | ? | 1965-05-31 | [161] See note. | ||
| Sorocaba | 1000 | electric | 1915-12-30 | 1959-02-28 | [162], [163] | |
| ♦ Sorocaba - Votorantim | electric | 1922-Feb-04 | 1966 | [164], [165] Public passenger service withdrawn 1966, non-public passenger service withdrawn 1977. | ||
| Taubaté | 800 | Mule | 1879-05-27 | 1910 ca. | [166] | |
| 600 | Steam | 1880 | 1920 | [167] Connected Taubaté and Tremembé. |
Non-public tramway:
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vila de Itatinga | Steam | 1906 | 1958 | [168], [169] | ||
| 800 | electric | 1958-Jan | Unknown, c. 2017 or 2016 | [170]. Closed as a tramway by 2017,[6] but the tracks remained in use, with intermittent service (for workers) sometimes using the former tramcars being towed by diesel tractors[7] (effectively making the line an ordinary railway, no longer a tramway) |
- Note for São Paulo - Tramway da Cantareira: Narrow-gauge light railway. Connected São Paulo, Cantareira, and Guarulhos. Electrification of Guarulhos line planned (ca. 1942, not carried out. Cantareira line closed 1957. Guarulhos line closed 31 May 1965.
Sergipe
| Location | Article | Gauge (mm) | Traction Type | Date (from) (year-month-day) | Date (to) (year-month-day) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aracaju | Mule | 1908-10-24 | ? | [171] | ||
| electric | 1926-June-02 | 1955 | [172] |
See also
References
- Books and periodicals shown in List of town tramway systems
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