List of vice presidents of the Philippines

The office of vice president was initially created following the ratification of the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines, which states that the vice-president shall be elected by direct vote of the people.^[3] Vice presidents during the Commonwealth of the Philippines were under American sovereignty,^[4] and there was no office of vice president during the Second Republic,^[5] which was considered to be a puppet state of Imperial Japan during World War II.^[6] During the martial law declared by President Ferdinand Marcos from 1972 to 1981, the office of the vice-president was abolished and the sitting vice-president, Fernando Lopez, was removed from the office.^[5] Though the 1973 Constitution initially did not provide for a vice president, subsequent amendments restored the office.^[5] A vice president was appointed after the 1986 election when Marcos and Arturo Tolentino were proclaimed as winners by the Batasang Pambansa. However, in 1986, the People Power Revolution overthrew Marcos' dictatorship and repealed the 1973 Constitution.^[5][7] In 2013, the National Historical Commission of the Philippines through Resolution No. 2, series of 2013 declared that Tolentino is not part of the official list of vice presidents of the Philippines.^[8] The subsequently formed 1987 Constitution of the Philippines was established, which states that: "There shall be a vice-president who shall have the same qualifications and term of office and be elected with, and in the same manner, as the president."^[9]

Before the ratification of the 1987 constitution, in case of an intra-term vacancy, there was no process to appoint a new vice president until after the next election.^[5] However, after the ratification of the 1987 constitution, the president could nominate a vice president in case of an intra-term vacancy from a member of the congress, whom both houses vote separately for confirmation by a majority vote.^[9] In 2001, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo became president after the Supreme Court of the Philippines ruled that President Joseph Estrada resigned.^[10] A few days later, she appointed Teofisto Guingona as the vice president.^[11] Guingona is the only person being unelected to the position.^[12]

Three vice presidents have succeeded to the presidency due to the death of presidents: Sergio Osmeña in 1944,^[13] Elpidio Quirino in 1948,^[14] and Carlos P. Garcia in 1957.^[15] Fernando Lopez was the longest-serving vice-president, who served for a combined total of almost 11 years. Elpidio Quirino served the shortest time as vice-president for approximately 1 year 11 months. Sara Duterte is the current vice president.^[2]

No.	Portrait	Name (Lifespan)	Party		Term	Election	President	Era
1		Sergio Osmeña (1869–1964) [16]		Nacionalista	November 15, 1935 – August 1, 1944[a] (9 years, 106 days)	1935	Manuel L. Quezon	Commonwealth
						1941
Office vacant (August 1, 1944 – May 28, 1946)[b]							Sergio Osmeña
2		Elpidio Quirino (1890–1956) [17]		Liberal	May 28, 1946 – April 17, 1948[a] (1 year, 323 days)	1946	Manuel Roxas
								Third Republic
Office vacant (April 17, 1948 – December 30, 1949)[b]							Elpidio Quirino
3		Fernando Lopez (1904–1993) [18]		Liberal (until 1953)	December 30, 1949 – December 30, 1953 (4 years)	1949
				Democratic (from 1953)
4		Carlos P. Garcia (1896–1971) [19]		Nacionalista	December 30, 1953 – March 17, 1957[a] (3 years, 77 days)	1953	Ramon Magsaysay
Office vacant (March 17, 1957 – December 30, 1957)[b]							Carlos P. Garcia[c]
5		Diosdado Macapagal (1910–1997) [20]		Liberal	December 30, 1957 – December 30, 1961 (4 years)	1957
6		Emmanuel Pelaez (1915–2003) [21]		Liberal	December 30, 1961 – December 30, 1965 (4 years)	1961	Diosdado Macapagal
				Nacionalista (from 1964)
7		Fernando Lopez (1904–1993) [22]		Nacionalista	December 30, 1965 – January 17, 1973 (7 years, 18 days)	1965	Ferdinand Marcos
						1969
								Martial Law
Office abolished (January 17, 1973 – January 27, 1984)[d]
								Fourth Republic
Office vacant (January 27, 1984 – February 25, 1986)[e]
8		Salvador Laurel (1928–2004) [23]		UNIDO (until 1988)	February 25, 1986 – June 30, 1992 (6 years, 126 days)	1986[f]	Corazon Aquino[g]	Provisional Government
								Fifth Republic
				Nacionalista (from 1988)
9		Joseph Estrada (born 1937) [24]		NPC (until 1997)	June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998 (6 years)	1992	Fidel V. Ramos[h]
				LAMMP (from 1997)
10		Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (born 1947) [25]		Lakas–NUCD	June 30, 1998 – January 20, 2001[a] (2 years, 204 days)	1998	Joseph Estrada[i]
Office vacant (January 20 – February 7, 2001)							Gloria Macapagal Arroyo[j]
11		Teofisto Guingona Jr. (born 1928) [26]		Lakas–NUCD (until 2003)	February 7, 2001 – June 30, 2004 (3 years, 144 days)
				Independent (from 2003)
12		Noli de Castro (born 1949) [27]		Independent	June 30, 2004 – June 30, 2010 (6 years)	2004
13		Jejomar Binay (born 1942) [28]		PDP–Laban (until 2012)	June 30, 2010 – June 30, 2016 (6 years)	2010	Benigno Aquino III[k]
				UNA (from 2012)
14		Leni Robredo (born 1965) [29]		Liberal	June 30, 2016 – June 30, 2022 (6 years)	2016	Rodrigo Duterte[l]
15		Sara Duterte (born 1978) [30]		Lakas–CMD (until 2023)	June 30, 2022 – present (1 year, 302 days)	2022	Bongbong Marcos[m]
				Hugpong ng Pagbabago[n]

Timeline

Historians and other figures have identified the following people as having held the vice-presidency of a government intended to represent the Philippines, but their terms of office are not counted by the Philippine government as part of the presidential succession.

The inclusion of Mariano Trías in the list is disputed, because Trias was chosen as vice-president at the Tejeros Convention, and again as vice-president for the short-lived Republic of Biak-na-Bato, which was dissolved after the signing of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato and Aguinaldo's exile. Neither the reassumption of power by Emilio Aguinaldo when the revolution was resumed in May 1898 nor his formal proclamation and inauguration as president under the First Philippine Republic in 1899 were regimes that provided for a vice-presidency.^[31]

Portrait	Name (Lifespan)	Party		Term	President	Era
	Mariano Trías (1868–1914) [32]		None[o]	March 22, 1897 – January 23, 1899 (1 year, 307 days)	Emilio Aguinaldo	Tejeros Convention
						Republic of Biak-na-Bato
	Francisco Carreón (1868–1939/1941) [33]		None[o]	May 6, 1902 – July 14, 1906[p] (3 years, 296 days)	Macario Sakay	Tagalog Republic
	Ramón Avanceña (1872–1957) [34]		Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas Association for Service to the New Philippines	October 14, 1943 – January 15, 1944 (93 days)	Jose P. Laurel	Second Republic
	Benigno Aquino Sr. (1894–1947) [34]		Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas Association for Service to the New Philippines	January 15, 1944 – August 17, 1945 (1 year, 272 days)
	Ramón Avanceña (1872–1957) [34]		Liberal Party	December 30, 1948 – December 30, 1949 (1 year, 0 days)	Elpidio Quirino	Third Republic

Vice presidents

Executive branch

Cabinet secretaries (as full-time)

The following cabinet secretaries are only served for fulltime. Vice presidents served as cabinet secretary concurrently, and post-vice presidency positions are not included.

Other positions (as full-time)

Legislative

Senators

Congressman/Representatives/Assemblyman

Local government

Governors

Mayors

Cabinet secretaries

Other positions

• President of the Philippines
• List of presidents of the Philippines
• Prime Minister of the Philippines (defunct)