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Mayor of Pichilemu

The Mayor of Pichilemu is an elected politician who is the head of the executive branch of government of the commune of Pichilemu, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region, Chile. The mayor presides over the local city council, composed of six members, and serves as the civic representative of the commune. The mayor is popularly elected in a municipal election, by simple majority. The office is held for a four-year term without term limits.

Mayor of Pichilemu
Coat of arms
Cristian Pozo, current incumbent
Incumbent
Cristian Pozo Parraguez
since 28 June 2021
StyleNo courtesy, title or style
AppointerElectorate of the commune of Pichilemu
Term lengthFour years[1]
Inaugural holderJosé María Caro Martínez
6 May 1894[2]
SuccessionEvery 6 December
SalaryCLP3,304,089 (USD7,054)[3]
(as of February 2013)
Websitepichilemu.cl

Forty different individuals, including acting mayors, have held the office of mayor since the commune of Pichilemu was created in December 1891. José María Caro Martínez, elected in 1894, was the inaugural mayor of the commune, and served for almost four consecutive terms, interrupted by his resignation in 1905. The current mayor is independent Cristian Pozo Parraguez, who was elected in May 2021 and took office on that 28 June.

Some mayors are particularly notable, for example: Conservative José María Caro Martínez (1830–1916), father of José María Caro Rodríguez, the first Chilean Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church;[4][5] Radical Carlos Rojas Pavez, the founder of Pichilemu, a newspaper which counted with collaborations of local journalist and historian José Arraño Acevedo and municipal worker Miguel Larravide Blanco;[6] and Christian Democrat Jorge Vargas González (b. 1967), a politician who was forced out of office in two different times, under charges of bribery.[7]

Background, organisation, and elections

On 22 December 1891, President Jorge Montt and his Minister of the Interior Manuel Irarrázabal Larraín promulgated the Autonomous Commune Law (Ley de Comuna Autónoma), creating 195 communes, including that of Pichilemu. At the time, the territory of Pichilemu comprised the former subdelegations of Cáhuil, Peñablanca, and Cocauquén. Three years later, on 6 May 1894, Pichileminians formed the first local government. José María Caro Martínez was elected the first mayor of the commune on that day.[8]

Organisationally, the commune of Pichilemu has a mayor–council form of government.[9] This provides for a commune-wide elected mayor serving in an executive role, as well as a city council serving in a legislative role.[10] The mayor, as the highest authority of the commune of Pichilemu, has the responsibility to direct, manage and supervise the work of the municipality, and legally represents the commune. The mayor is also responsible for administrating the commune's financial resources, and municipal and national goods of public use, presides the local city council, and has the power to delegate his work to other functionaries of the local government, which he may appoint. Additionally, the mayor may give a public account of his gesture to the city council every year, usually in April; an extract of his account may be published to the community.[11] If the mayor dies in office, resigns, or is unable to carry out his/her duties, a councilor may be elected by the city council to replace the former mayor. In the meantime, the municipal secretary may take office as acting mayor. This has happened several times in Pichilemu: following the resignation of René Maturana Maldonado in April 1992, municipal secretary Gustavo Parraguez Galarce took over his office since, at the time, there were no councilors; in November 1998, mayor Jorge Vargas González was convicted of illegally giving a driver's license,[12] and the city council chose councilor Carlos Leyton Labarca until Vargas González resumed his duties in November 1999.

The former Pichilemu City Hall, demolished in 2011–12

Municipal elections, during which mayors are elected, take place every four years; they take place one year before presidential elections (since 2008) in the last Sunday of October. A notable exception was the 2021 municipal election, as it was postponed from October 2020 to April 2021, and then to May 2021, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, the 2016-2020 term was extended until 28 June 2021, while the 2020-2024 term was shortened by nearly seven months. Candidates must comply a number of requisites in order to run for mayor of Pichilemu; those include: to have completed secondary education (Enseñanza Media), to be a citizen, literate, to have resided in the Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region for at least two years before the election, and to have their military status regularized.[11] The mayor is usually sworn in on 6 December following the election. The next election for the mayor will be in 2024. Municipal elections originally elected three mayors, called primer, segundo, and tercer alcalde, and a number of regidores. For example, the results of the first elections in Pichilemu, for the term between 1894 and 1897, showed José María Caro Martínez, Pedro Nolasco de Mira, and Francisco Reyes elected as the first primer, segundo, and tercer alcalde of Pichilemu, respectively.[13] The role of the primer alcalde equals that of the current mayor of Pichilemu. However, voting was not popular: only taxpayers and landowners could vote. According to the Decree #5655 of 4 December 1945, regidores were popularly elected, and they had the faculty to vote for the mayor that would rule for the local government three-year term.[14] The 1973 Chilean coup d'état interrupted Washington Saldías Fuentealba's mayoral term, hence terminating possibilities of new elections. The military regime of Augusto Pinochet appointed seven mayors, who held the office in a period of nineteen years. Following the Chilean transition to democracy, the D'Hondt method of proportional representation was used in the municipal elections of 1992, 1996, and 2000: all candidates run in a single list, the most voted candidate becomes the mayor and other five/six become councilors, according to the aforementioned method. For the municipal elections beginning in 2004, candidates for mayor and councilor run in separate lists, and mayors are elected by simple majority of votes.[15]

Mayors

To date, forty-two different individuals have served as mayor of the commune of Pichilemu. There have been 43 mayoralties, excluding those of acting mayors. Francisco Javier Asalgado, Sergio Morales Retamal, and Carlos Echazarreta Iñiguez have served two non-consecutive terms, while Felipe Iturriaga Esquivel served for three. The longest term was that of Roberto Córdova Carreño, who served between December 2008 and June 2021, over twelve years. Before Córdova, the longest term was that of José María Caro Martínez, who served eleven years until his resignation one year before his fourth term expired. The shortest term was that of Gustavo Parraguez Galarce, an acting mayor who served only six days between 6 December and 12 December 2008, before the city council elected Roberto Córdova Carreño as the successor of Marcelo Cabrera Martínez, who was under trial at the time.[16] Excluding Parraguez Galarce, the shortest term of a mayor of Pichilemu was that of Osvaldo Sotomayor Ilabaca, which lasted a span of nine days, between 25 February and 6 March 1935. Only one mayor has died in office: Serafín López Lizana died after serving five months as mayor of the commune. Olga Maturana Espinosa is the only woman to have served as mayor.

No.PortraitNameTook officeLeft officePolitical partyCouncil
1 José María Caro Martínez[n 1]6 May 18947 May 1905Conservative[4][17]
1894–97 term
1897–1900 term
1900–03 term
1903–06 term
2 Francisco Javier Asalgado7 May 19053 September 1909Conservative[18]
1905–06 term
1906–09 term
3Carlos Ignacio Salas Salas[n 2]2 May 19093 May 1912Liberal[19]
1909–12 term
4 Francisco Javier Asalgado[n 3]5 May 191222 September 1912Conservative[18]
1912 term
5José Santos Becerra22 September 19122 May 1915Conservative[20]
1912–15 term
6Gustavo Silva Pizarro[n 4]4 May 19154 May 1924Conservative[21]
1915–18 term
1918–21 term
1921–24 term
7Luis Antonio Barahona Fornés[n 5]4 May 192424 December 1925Conservative[22]
1924–25 term
8Francisco Adriano Caro Rodríguez24 December 192522 May 1927Conservative[21]
1925–27 term
9 Evaristo Merino Canales de la Cerda[n 6]22 May 192714 May 1928Liberal[23]
1927–28 term
10Manuel Camilo Silva14 May 192810 July 1928Liberal[24]
1928 term
11José Ramón Araneda y Araneda10 July 192812 July 1930Liberal[25]None
12Pastor Castro Rojas[n 7]12 July 193027 November 1930Liberal[25]
13Fernando Maturana Barahona27 November 193016 October 1932Liberal[25]
1930–32 term
14 Felipe Iturriaga Esquivel16 October 193225 February 1935Liberal[26]
1932–35 term
15Osvaldo Sotomayor Ilabaca25 February 19354 May 1935Liberal[27]
1935 term
—Alberto Morales Moraga4 May 19359 May 1935Liberal[28]Unknown
16Serafín López Lizana[n 8]25 May 1935October 1935Conservative[29]
1935 term
17Alberto Morales Moraga[n 9]14 October 19351 December 1935Liberal[29]
1935 term
18 Humberto Llanos Martínez[n 10]1 December 193518 May 1941Conservative[30]
1935–38 term
1938–41 term
19 Felipe Iturriaga Esquivel18 May 194121 May 1944Conservative[30]
1941–44 term
20 Armando Caroca Rojas21 May 194418 May 1947Liberal[31]
1944–47 term
21 Carlos Echazarreta Larraín18 May 194721 May 1950Social Christian Conservative[32]
1947–50 term
22 Sergio Morales Retamal[n 11]21 May 195023 May 1951Liberal[32]
1950–51 term
23 Olga Maturana Espinosa28 May 195117 May 1953Social Christian Conservative[32]
1951–53 term
24 Sergio Morales Retamal17 May 195320 May 1956Liberal[33]
1953–56 term
25 Felipe Iturriaga Esquivel20 May 195615 May 1960United Conservative[30]
1956–60 term
26Basilio Sánchez Beguiristáin19 May 196019 May 1963United Conservative[34]
1960–63 term
27 Carlos Echazarreta Iñiguez19 May 196321 May 1967United Conservative[35][36]
1963–67 term
28Carlos Rojas Pavez21 May 196721 May 1971Radical[37]
1967–71 term
29 Washington Saldías Fuentealba[n 12]21 May 197111 September 1973
(coup d'état)		Socialist[36]
1971–75 term
30 Carlos Echazarreta Iñiguez29 September 197310 November 1973Christian Democratic[36]None
31Mario Urrutia Carrasco7 December 19731975Independent[n 13]
32 Eduardo Parraguez Galarce197523 May 1979Independent[n 13]
33 José Lino Vargas Jorquera23 May 197920 April 1981Independent[n 13]
34Julio Waidele Wolff20 April 198116 March 1982Independent[n 13]
35Emilio Merino Lacoste16 March 198230 August 1984Independent[n 13]
36René Maturana Maldonado[n 14]31 August 1984April 1992Unknown[n 15]
—Gustavo Parraguez GalarceApril 199226 September 1992Unknown[n 15]
37Orlando Cornejo Bustamante26 September 19926 December 1996Union of the Centrist Center[40]
1992–96 term
38 Jorge Vargas González[n 16]6 December 19969 November 1998Christian Democratic[41]
1996–98 term
— Carlos Leyton Labarca21 December 19984 November 1999Independent Democratic Union[41]
1998–99 term
— Jorge Vargas González[n 17]4 November 199920 July 2007Christian Democratic[41]
1999–2000 term
2000–04 term
2004–07 term
39 Víctor Rojas González[n 18]27 July 200712 September 2007Christian Democratic[41]
2007 term
—Gustavo Parraguez Galarce[n 19]12 September 200723 November 2007Unknown[n 15]
40 Marcelo Cabrera Martínez[n 20]23 November 2007April 2008Independent
2007–08 term
— Marcia González González[n 21]16 May 20084 June 2008Unknown[n 15]
— Marcelo Cabrera Martínez4 June 200826 September 2008Independent
—Luis Calderón Gómez[n 22]29 September 200812 November 2008Unknown[n 15]
41 Hernán Garrido Salas[n 23]12 November 20086 December 2008Party for Democracy[41]
2008 term
—Gustavo Parraguez Galarce[n 24]6 December 200812 December 2008Unknown[n 15]
2008 term[59]
— Roberto Córdova Carreño[n 25]12 December 200818 May 2009Socialist[41]
2008–09 term[61]
— Marcelo Cabrera Martínez[n 26]18 May 200919 August 2009Independent
2009 term
42 Roberto Córdova Carreño[n 27]1 September 200928 June 2021Socialist[41]
2009–12 term
2012–16 term[66]
2016–21 term[67]
43 Cristian Pozo Parraguez28 June 2021incumbentIndependent
2021–24 term

Timeline

The timeline shows changes of the head of the executive branch of the municipality of Pichilemu from its creation in May 1894 until today.

1894–1950
Carlos Echazarreta LarraínArmando Caroca RojasFelipe Iturriaga EsquivelHumberto Llanos MartínezAlberto Morales MoragaSerafín López LizanaAlberto Morales MoragaOsvaldo Sotomayor IlabacaFelipe Iturriaga EsquivelFernando Maturana MaturanaPastor Castro RojasJosé Ramón AranedaManuel Camilo SilvaEvaristo Merino CanalesFrancisco Adriano Caro RodríguezLuis Barahona FornésGustavo Silva PizarroJosé Santos BecerraFrancisco Javier AsalgadoCarlos Salas SalasFrancisco Javier AsalgadoJosé María Caro Martínez
1950–2000
Carlos Leyton LabarcaOrlando Cornejo BustamanteGustavo Parraguez GalarceRené Maturana MaldonadoEmilio Merino LacosteJulio Waidele WolffJosé Lino Vargas JorqueraEduardo Parraguez GalarceMario Urrutia CarrascoCarlos Echazarreta IñiguezWashington Saldías FuentealbaCarlos Rojas PavezCarlos Echazarreta IñiguezBasilio Sánchez BerguiristainFelipe Iturriaga EsquivelSergio Morales RetamalOlga Maturana EspinosaSergio Morales RetamalCarlos Echazarreta Larraín
2000–2020
Marcelo Cabrera MartínezGustavo Parraguez GalarceHernán Garrido SalasLuis Calderón GómezMarcelo Cabrera MartínezGustavo Parraguez Galarce
2021–present

Latest election

CandidatePartyVotes%
Roberto del Carmen Córdova CarreñoSocialist Party of Chile/New Majority4,43554.4
Marcelo Cabrera MartínezIndependent/Chile Vamos85710.5
Jorge Fabián Vargas GonzálezIndependent2,79734.3
Mario Alejandro Moraga CáceresIndependent700.9
Valid votes8,15998.73
Invalid/blank votes1051.27
Total8,264100
Registered voters/turnout12,98963.6
Source: El Mercurio[68]

See also

Notes

References

General
  • Grez-Cañete, Diego (2016). Camino al Progreso: historia municipal y personajes destacados de Pichilemu. Pichilemu, Chile: El Marino Producciones. ISBN 9789569757013.[69]
  • Rojas Pavez, Carlos; Larravide Blanco, Miguel; Arraño Acevedo, José S. (15 March 1944). "Breve historia de la administración comunal de Pichilemu". Pichilemu (in Spanish). Pichilemu, Chile. p. 3.
  • Saldías, Washington (31 January 1986). "38 alcaldes en 94 años como comuna". Pichilemu (in Spanish). Pichilemu, Chile. p. 5.
  • Saldías, Washington (2 August 2007). "Alcaldes, regidores y concejales de la comuna de Pichilemu". Pichilemu News (in Spanish). Pichilemu, Chile. Archived from the original on 1 March 2012.
  • Saldías, Antonio (22 December 2006). "Cuarenta y un alcaldes en 115 años de vida comunal han pasado por el municipio pichilemino". Pichilemu News (in Spanish). Pichilemu, Chile. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013.
  • Saldías, Washington (15 December 2012). "Pichilemu y su historial comunal: a 121 años de ser creada comuna". El Expreso de la Costa (in Spanish). Pichilemu, Chile. p. 5. Archived from the original on 22 March 2013.
Specific

External links

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