Sürmene

Sürmene (Turkish: [syɾˈmene]; Greek: Σούρμενα, Sourmena; Ottoman Turkish: ﺳﻮرﻣﻨﻪ, romanized as Sürmena[/e]) is a municipality and district of Trabzon Province, Turkey.^[2] Its area is 166 km²,^[3] and its population is 25,950 (2022).^[1] In ancient times the town of Hyssus or Hyssos (Ancient Greek: Υσσός) was nearby.^[4] The mayor is Rahmi Üstün (AKP).

Sürmene
District and municipality
Memiş Ağa Mansion in Sürmene
Map showing Sürmene District in Trabzon Province
Sürmene Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 40°54′51″N 40°06′45″E / 40.91417°N 40.11250°E / 40.91417; 40.11250
Country	Turkey
Province	Trabzon
Government
• Mayor	Rahmi Üstün (AKP)
Area	166 km2 (64 sq mi)
Elevation	20 m (70 ft)
Population  (2022)[1]	25,950
• Density	160/km2 (400/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code	61600
Area code	0462
Climate	Cfa
Website	www.surmene.bel.tr

Sürmene (Humurgan)^[5] is situated some 40 km (25 mi) east of Trabzon. Known in antiquity also as Susarmia or Augustopolis,^{[citation needed]} it lies on the River Kora (Manahoz Deresi) and is best known as the place where Xenophon and his Ten Thousand fell sick after eating wild honey, an event which was confirmed by the local people. In the village of Kastil, 5 km (3.1 mi) to the west of Sürmene, stands a ruined medieval castle as well as the impressively restored 18th-century Yakupoğlu Memiş Ağa Konağı mansion. This was formerly the seat of the Yakupoğlu family, who lived here as rulers (derebeys, hence its alternative name of Derebeyli Kale, the Castle of the Derebeys) of the surrounding region relatively free of interference from the Ottoman government in faraway Constantinople/Istanbul.