Template:Infobox barium

Barium, 56Ba
Barium
Pronunciation/ˈbɛəriəm/ (BAIR-ee-əm)
Appearancesilvery gray; with a pale yellow tint[1]
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ba)
Barium in the periodic table
HydrogenHelium
LithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon
SodiumMagnesiumAluminiumSiliconPhosphorusSulfurChlorineArgon
PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton
RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon
CaesiumBariumLanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumLutetiumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercury (element)ThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon
FranciumRadiumActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrenciumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumNihoniumFleroviumMoscoviumLivermoriumTennessineOganesson
Sr

Ba

Ra
caesiumbariumlanthanum
Atomic number (Z)56
Groupgroup 2 (alkaline earth metals)
Periodperiod 6
Block  s-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 6s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1000 K ​(727 °C, ​1341 °F)
Boiling point2118 K ​(1845 °C, ​3353 °F)
Density (at 20° C)3.594 g/cm3[4]
when liquid (at m.p.)3.338 g/cm3
Heat of fusion7.12 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization142 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity28.07 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)91110381185138816862170
Atomic properties
Oxidation states+1, +2 (a strongly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 0.89
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 502.9 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 965.2 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3600 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 222 pm
Covalent radius215±11 pm
Van der Waals radius268 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of barium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurebody-centered cubic (bcc) (cI2)
Lattice constant
Body-centered cubic crystal structure for barium
a = 502.5 pm (at 20 °C)[4]
Thermal expansion20.47×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[4]
Thermal conductivity18.4 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity332 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[5]
Molar magnetic susceptibility+20.6×10−6 cm3/mol[6]
Young's modulus13 GPa
Shear modulus4.9 GPa
Bulk modulus9.6 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod1620 m/s (at 20 °C)
Mohs hardness1.25
CAS Number7440-39-3
History
DiscoveryCarl Wilhelm Scheele (1772)
First isolationHumphry Davy (1808)
Isotopes of barium
Main isotopes[7]Decay
abun­dancehalf-life (t1/2)modepro­duct
130Ba0.11%(0.5–2.7)×1021 yεε130Xe
132Ba0.1%stable
133Basynth10.51 yε133Cs
134Ba2.42%stable
135Ba6.59%stable
136Ba7.85%stable
137Ba11.2%stable
138Ba71.7%stable
 Category: Barium
| references
Ba · Barium
Cs ←

ibox Cs

iso
56
Ba  [e]
IB-Ba [e]
IBisos [e]
→ La

ibox La

indexes by PT (page)
child table, as reused in {IB-Ba}
Main isotopes of barium
Main isotopes[7]Decay
abun­dancehalf-life (t1/2)modepro­duct
130Ba0.11%(0.5–2.7)×1021 yεε130Xe
132Ba0.1%stable
133Basynth10.51 yε133Cs
134Ba2.42%stable
135Ba6.59%stable
136Ba7.85%stable
137Ba11.2%stable
138Ba71.7%stable
Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01)
See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (45) · (this table: )

References