An organizational chart (often called organization chart, org chart, organigram(me), or organogram) is a diagram that shows the structure of an organization and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs.
History
Early civilisation figurative examples of organizational activity depicted
- Sumerian
- Standard of Ur, war side, c. 2600 BC
- Standard of Ur,peace side, c. 2600 BC
- Standard of Ur at British Museum
- Egypt
- Agricultural Scenes, Tomb of Nakht, 1400–1390 BC
- Depiction of craftworkers in ancient Egypt
- Scene from Book of the Dead, c. 1075–945 BCE
- Maya
- Relief with Enthroned Ruler, 8th c.
- Classical Greece, Hellenism, Rome
- Greece; Part of Parthenon Frieze, 4th c. BC
- Hellenistic, Alexander Mosaic, 100 BC
- Roman soldiers and Germans, 235 CE
- Gordian III and senators, 3th c.
- Early Christianity, Europe
- Court of Emperor Justinian, 547
- Empress Theodora and attendants, 547
- Harbaville Triptych, 10th c.
Medieval examples of organizational structures depicted
- Byrthferth enchiridion, ca. 1080
- Hortus Deliciarum, Die Philosophie mit den sieben freien Künsten, 1180
- Family tree of medieval noble family, 12th century
- Coronation of Henry the Lion, 12th century
- Shield of the Trinity}} from a manuscript of Peter of Poitiers' writings, c. 1210.
- Jacob van Maerlants, Der naturen bloeme, 13th c.
- King Arthur - Chronicle of England, 1307
- King Henry I and the sinking White Ship, 1307
- King Henry II England and Thomas Becket, 1307
- Round Table in the Grand Hall, Winchester, England, United-Kingdom, 1348
- St. Thomas Aquinas Between Doctors of the Old and New Testaments, 1366
- Philip IV of France, 14th century
- Organizational Structure of the Empire of the Holy Roman Empire in Nuremberg Chronicle, 1493
- Tuebinger Hausbuch Freie Kuenste, 15th century
- Double-headed eagle with coats of arms of individual states, symbol of the Holy Roman Empire, 1510
- Comment
Earlier examples of pure schemata can be found in the 9th-10th century work of Alcuin's Disputatio de rhetorica et de virtutibus regis Karli et Albini magistri. see for example here, at Digitale Bibliothek - Münchener; or in similar works here at the Bern, Burgerbibliothek; here at St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek.
19th century, rise of modern organizational chart
- Royal Society of Arts (Great Britain), 1808
- New York and Erie Railroad Company, 1835
- Listing of company officials and principal officers, 1848
- New York and Erie Railroad Diagram representing a plan of organization by D.C. McCallum, 1855
- New York and Erie Railroad Company directors and officers, 1856
- Listing of principal officers by D.C. McCallum, 1856
- Table of rate and direction of subordination of railroad company by George Leonard Vose, 1857
- USSC Org chart by John Y. Culyer, 1863
- Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad Company, 1866
- Mobile & Ohio Company, 1885
- Present organization of an Arsenal by Captain Henry Metcalfe, 1885
- Proposed Organization of Arsenal by Captain Henry Metcalfe, 1885
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, 1888
- Skeleton of a Railroad Organization by Edward Porter Alexander, 1889
- Scheme of authority of Railroad Company by T.H Browne, 1894.
- Staff Organisation Diagram by Lewis, J. Slater, 1896
- National Export Exhibition, officers and associates, 1899
20th century
1900s, rise of general application of organizational charts
- United States Rubber Company organization chart, 1902
- General subdivision of the departments of a machine shop, 1903
- Further subdivision of the departments of a machine shop, 1903
- Steubenville Traction & Light Co., 1904
- Detroit, Monroe & Toledo Short Line Railway, 1905
- Father Hagerty's Wheel of Fortune, 1905
- Chart of Business Organization, 1905
- Chart of Purchasing Department, 1905
- Chart of Advertising Department, 1905
- Chart of Sales Department, 1905
- Chart of Stock Department, 1905
- Chart of Order Department, 1905
- Chart of Shipping Department, 1905
- Organizational Chart, 1905
- Segregation of an Industrial Body into Authorities and Departments, 1905
- Graphic Chart, showing the System of Organization and Management of the Modern American Shop or Manufacturing Plant, 1906
- 1908
- Chart of Duties, Responsibilities and Authorities of Department Heads, 1909.
- Chart of a Corporate Manufacturing Enterprise, 1909.
- Chart of a Corporate Trading Enterprise, 1909.
- A Chart of Working Authorities in a Manufacturing Business, 1909
- Chart of Working Authorities in a Trading Business, 1909
1910s
- 1910
- Outline of Organization Chart, 1914
- Organization Chart of a large Company Manufacturing Stoves, 1914
- Chart showing Internal Organization of Specialty Store, 1915
- Chart showing Internal Organization of Department Store, 1915
- Wheeled chart of National Bureau of Standards activities, 1915
- Class battle fronts diagram, 1917
- US Federal fuel administrators, 1917 (1)
- US Federal fuel administrators, 1917 (2)
- Tabulating Machine Co Org. Chart, 1917
- Schemat organizacyjny, 1918
1920s
- Municipal Railway of SF org chart July 1921
- Radial tree - Graphic Statistics in Management, 1924
- Plan of Organization for National Livestock Producers Association by Randall (1), 1928
- Plan of Organization for National Livestock Producers Association by Randall (1), 1928
- Plan of Organization for National Livestock Producers Association by Randall (3), 1928
- WERAG Organigramm, 1929
1930s-40s
- UN-chart, 1931
- Reichsmusikkammer Organigramm, 1934
- Panzer division 1941 organization chart, 1941
- Organigramm Aufgaben einer Propagandakompanie, 1941
- GuadOrg2, 1942
- Cart wheel J. Forces, 1943
- Naval Air Training Command, 1943
- Naval Air Transport Service chart, 1943
- 1943
- USAAF Reorganization Chart, 1943
- Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force, 6 June 1944
- 1944
- 1944
- Manhattan Project Organization Chart, 1946
- CIA Organization, 1947
- 8th AF OC, 1947
1950s-1990s
- 1950
- 1952
- 1952
- 1952
- 1952
- 1953
- 1954–62
- 1955
- 1956-57
- Drawn in 1959
- 1960
- 1961
- 1961
- 1961
- 1961
- 1963
- 1975
- 1981
- 1989
- 1996
- 1998 (depicting 1943)
21st century
2000–09
- 2000
- 2002
- 2004
- 2005
- 2005
- 2006
- 2006
- 2006
- 2007
- 2007
- 2007
- 2008
- 2008
- 2008
- 2008
- 2008
- 2008
- 2008
- 2008
- 2008
- 2009
- 2009
- 2009
2010s
- 2010
- 2010
- 2010
- 2010
- 2010
- 2010
- 2010
- Government of the United States, 2011.
- Department of National Defence, Canada, 2011
- Doppler Gruppe, 2011
- US Department of Defence, 2012
- 2012
- McDonald's Corporate Structure, 2012
- 2012
- 2012
- 2013
- 2013
- 2013
- 2013
- 2014
Types of organizational charts
Specific organizational structures
- Line
- Line staf
- Matrix
- Project organization
- Corporate structure
- Security clearance organizational chart
Different shapes of organizational diagrams
- 3D Bubble diagram
- Concetric
- Conceptual model
- Infographic
- Network
- Pie
- Radial tree
- Table
- Timeline
- Tree, horizontal
- Tree, vertical
- Venn diagram
Present versus proposed charts
The use of charts as a designers tool
- Present organization of an Arsenal by Captain Henry Metcalfe, 1885
- Proposed Organization of Arsenal by Captain Henry Metcalfe, 1885
Features
- Flat or wide organization
- Long organization
- Communication lines
- With icons
- With flows
- With map
- Pin wall
Tools
Charts in practice
- 1945
- 1947
- 2001
- 2008
- 2011
- 2012
- 2016
See also
Wikiquote has quotations related to Mdd/Organizational chart.
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