User:Wikidea/Economics and law sources

General history

• 100 BC - Constitutional law, Criminal law, family law
• Gaius (130-180), Lex est quod populus iubet atque constituit (Institutiones 1.2.3)
• Justinian's Corpus Juris Civilis (529) and Institutes
• William the Conqueror (1066), Magna Carta, the Domesday book and the common law
• 1600 AD - International law and administrative law
• 1700 - Human rights, civil liberties
• Code Napoleon (1804) and the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (1881-1900)
• British Empire, Commonwealth of Nations, Privy Council
• 1900 - Public international law, particularly international institutions
• Welfare state, International Labour Organisation
• United Nations, World Trade Organisation and the European Union

Rationality

• Homo economicus
• Reasonable man
• Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (1648)
• Baruch Spinoza, Tractatus de Intellectus Emendatione (1660)
• John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)
• David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature (1739) and An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding (1748)
• Jeremy Bentham, Introduction to Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789)
• Albert Einstein (1879-1955), Theory of Relativity (1905)
• John Forbes Nash and game theory
• Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations (1951)
• RH Frank, T Gilovich, DT Regan, 'Does Studying Economics Inhibit Cooperation?' (1993) 7(2) Journal of Economic Perspectives 159-171

Method

• Lionel Robbins
• Milton Friedman, The Methodology of Positive Economics (1953)

Distribution and production

• Aristotle, Ethics
• Institutiones, 3.305, tantum bona valent, quantum vendi possunt (goods are worth as much as they can be sold for)
• Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica (1274)
  • Lex mercatoria and just price
• John Locke and the labour theory of value
• Lord Mansfield, good faith, etc
• Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759)
• Karl Marx and the theory of exploitation and alienation
• Stanley Jevons, Carl von Menger, Leon Walras, theory of marginal utility
• Alfred Marshall and supply and demand
• Pareto efficiency, Kaldor-Hicks efficiency and X-efficiency

Accountability

• Courts
  • Heydon's case, Pepper v Hart [1993] AC 593, AG of Belize v Belize Telecom Ltd [2009] UKPC
  • European Convention on Human Rights, International Court of Justice, International Criminal Court

• Markets
  • Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations (1776)
  • David Ricardo, On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817)
  • Karl Marx, Das Kapital
  • John Maynard Keynes, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936)

• Opinion
  • John Stuart Mill, On Liberty (1859)
  • BBC and The Times
  • Media regulation

• Vote
  • Second Reform Act 1867 debates (1867) and history of democracy
  • Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949
  • Parliamentary democracy, representative government
  • United Kingdom, United States, European Union, United Nations
  • Bush v Gore 531 U.S. 98 (2000)

• 200BC - Contract, tort, unjust enrichment, property (BC)
• 1200AD - Trusts and equity (12th century)
• 1600 - Intellectual property (16th century)
• 1800 - Labour law, company law, competition law (19th century)
• 1900 - Consumer protection, discrimination law, social security

Foundations of private law

Property

• Aristotle (384-322BC), Nicomachean Ethics, on the origins of equity and the distinction to law and 1132a-1132b, saying the purpose of justice is to maintain an equilibrium of goods among members of society.
• Friedrich Carl von Savigny (1779-1861) Das Recht des Besitzes (1803), System des heutigen Römischen Rechts (1805) and the University of Berlin (1810)
• Armory v Delamirie (1722) 1 Strange 505
• Mabo v Queensland (No 2) (1992) 175 CLR 1

• Trusts and equity (12th century)
• Keech v Sandford (1726) 25 ER 223
• Pension law
• Intellectual property (16th century)

Contract

• Pied Piper of Hamelin by Robert Browning (1842) and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1803) and Rumpelstilzchen
• Pacta sunt servanda
• Freedom of contract, property and the right to vote
• Patrick Atiyah, The Rise and Fall of Freedom of Contract (1979)

• Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co [1892] EWCA Civ 1 and objectivity
• Hadley v Baxendale (1854) 9 Exch 341 and fairness
• Paradine v Jane (1647) Aleyn 26 and compensation
• J Spurling Ltd v Bradshaw [1956] 1 WLR 461, Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd [1971] 2 QB 163, Interfoto Picture Library Ltd v Stiletto Visual Programmes Ltd [1989] QB 433 and consent

Unjust enrichment

• Hugo Grotius (1583-1645) Introduction to the Jurisprudence of Holland
• Misrepresentation
• Advertising and JK Galbraith
• Undue influence, duress, unconscionability and inequality of bargaining power
  • Allcard v Skinner (1887) 36 Ch D 145
  • Unfair Contract Terms Bill
  • Williams v. Walker-Thomas Furniture Co., 350 F.2d 445 (C.A. D.C. 1965) and Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy [1975] QB 326

Tort

• Sir Anthony Fitzherbert (1470-1538), New Natura Brevium (1534)
• Nuisance and the protection of property
• Ronald Coase, 'The Problem of Social Cost' (1960) 1 JLE 1 and Richard Posner, Paul Samuelson, Kenneth Arrow etc
• Professional negligence
• Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 and consumer protection
• Winterbottom v Wright (1842) 152 ER 402, Rylands v Fletcher [1868] UKHL 1, Bamford v Turnley (1860) 122 ER 25

• Vicarious liability, Common employment, contributory negligence, volenti non fit injuria and Workplace health and safety
  • Charles Dickens, David Copperfield
• If contract is free and the market is free, then what are these laws doing?

Labour

• Karl Marx, Das Kapital (1867)
• Sir Henry James Sumner Maine, Ancient Law (1864) and the move from status to contract
• International Labour Organisation (1919), the League of Nations, and a new kind of constitutional law
  • Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George
• Discrimination law, dismissal and "At will employment"
• Wrongful dismissal and Unfair dismissal
  • Wilson v Racher [1974] ICR 428
• National Minimum Wage Act 1998
• Beatrice Webb and Sidney Webb, History of Trade Unionism (1894) and Industrial Democracy (1897)
• Trade Union Act 1871, Trade Disputes Act 1906 and the history of labour law
  • Taff Vale Railway Co v Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants [1901] AC 426
  • Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
  • National Labour Relations Act

Codetermination

• Bullock Report 1977, Mitbestimmungsgesetz of 1976, EC Draft Fifth Directive on Company Law 1975
  • Mitbestimmungsgesetz Urteil BVerGE 50, 290, Bullock Report (1977)

Companies

• South Sea Bubble (1719) and Keech v Sandford (1726) 25 ER 223

• Joint Stock Companies Act 1856 and history of company law
  • Foss v Harbottle, Salomon v A Solomon & Co Ltd

• Adolf Berle, The Modern Corporation and Private Property (1932)

• Ralph Nader, Taming the Corporate Giant (1976) KF1414 N13; The consumer and corporate accountability (1973) HC110.C63 N13
  • Hutton v West Cork Railway Co, Bowen LJ
  • Dodge v. Ford Motor Company 170 NW 668, 684 (1919)^[1]
  • American Law Institute, Principles of Corporate Government: Analysis and Recommendations §2.01(a) (1994)

• Caparo Industries plc v Dickman and accounting
• Insolvency law

Competition

• Diocletian's regulations
• John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy, Book ...

• Cartel, monopoly, oligopoly, restrictive practices

• History of competition law and antitrust
• Sherman Act and the Clayton Act of 1914

• State aid

• John Maynard Keynes, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936)

Socialisation

Public and private property

• Plato's The Republic and Aristotle
• Sir Thomas More, Utopia
• Robert Owen (1771-1858) and A New View Of Society (1813)
• Pierre Proudhon, What Is Property? (1840)
• Revolutions of 1848 and the Communist Manifesto (1848) whose ten demands were, free primary education, progressive income tax, inheritance tax, government provided transport and communication, nationalisation of banks, a government agricultural plan, (and more radically) a duty of everyone to work, gradually nationalising industry, abolishing private property in land, confiscating emigrants' and rebels' property and distributing the population equally across the country.
• Karl Marx, Das Kapital (1867), On the Jewish Question
• John Stuart Mill, felicific calculus, utilitarianism and happiness
  • Principles of Political Economy (1848) and Utilitarianism (1863), Considerations on Representative Government (1861), Auguste Comte and Positivism (1865), The Subjection of Women (1869) and Chapters on Socialism
• Max Weber, Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus (1905), Politik als Beruf (1919) and Economy and Society
• Russian Revolution (1917), Lenin and the Berlin Wall; Grundgesetz art 13
• Joseph Stiglitz, public economics and nationalisation

Education, Social security and Health care

• Elementary Education Act 1870
  • Brown v Board of Education 347 US 483 (1954)
• Poor laws and debt prisons; Pensions and the National Insurance Act 1911, unemployment benefits
• Soviet Union and United States of America, communism and capitalism
• Welfare State, Beveridge Report
• John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (1971) and Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia (1972)
• National Health Service Act 1946 and Medicare
  • Roe v Wade 410 US 113 (1973)

Post office, Telecommunications, Transport and Media

• Treaty of Bern and the Universal Postal Union (1874)

• International Telecommunication Union (1925)
• AT&T and universal service

• Convention on International Civil Aviation (1944) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (1948)
• United States v. National City Lines, Inc., 186 F.2d 562 (1951)

• BBC, PBS, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, RTF
  • Buckley v Valeo 424 US 1 (1976)

Environment, Energy, Water

• Environmental law
• European Coal and Steel Community and the Common Fisheries Policy
• Antarctic Treaty System (1949))
• United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) and the Kyoto Protocol (1997)
• European Union Emission Trading Scheme

Financial markets

• Securities and Exchange Commission and the Financial Services Authority
• Financial Services and Markets Act 2000
  • Derivatives and FSMA 2000 s 412, with the Gaming Act 1845
• Great Depression (1929-1939), Asian crisis (1990s) and Global financial crisis (2007-)

Banking and monetary policy

• Bank Charter Act 1844 and the gold standard
• Walter Bagehot, Lombard Street, A Description of the Money Market (1873)
  • ...partly reacting to Overend, Gurney and Company's collapse in 1866
• Great Depression, New Deal

• Basel II and minimum capital
• Inflation and interest rates
• Bank of England, European Central Bank, United States Federal Reserve
• European Monetary Union
• Exchange rates
• Re Barings (No 5), Re BCCI SA (No 8)

Taxation and fiscal policy

• Magna Carta 1215
• Boston Tea Party
• Article XIII, Declaration of the Rights of Man

• Tax law
  • Income tax, corporate tax, value added tax, stamp duty, inheritance tax, window tax
• Income Tax Act 1842
• Joseph Stiglitz and public finance

• John Maynard Keynes, Economic Consequences of the Peace (1919)

International financial regulation

• Mercantilism and the Gold standard
• International Monetary Fund, World Bank, International Clearing Union and the bancor
• OPEC, Milton Friedman, Margaret Thatcher, Ronald Reagan and the failure of Bretton Woods
• Paul Krugman, Depression economics
• Offshore trust and tax haven and hedge funds

International trade law

• Lex mercatoria, Hanseatic League
• Conflict of laws and Vienna Convention

• David Ricardo, Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817)
  • Corn laws and free trade
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, World Trade Organisation^[2]
• EU law and the Treaty of Rome (1952), Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen [1963] ECR 1 and the common agricultural policy
• Treaty of the European Community, four freedoms
• US Constitution's commerce clause, Australian Constitution

Development

• Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal (1729)
• Thomas Malthus, An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798) and poverty
• Friedrich Engels, The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 (1845)
• Social and economic rights and human rights
• Declaration of Delhi (1959)
• Amartya Sen and development economics
• United Nations Millennium Declaration, Millenium Development Goals and Jubilee 2000

• Underdevelopment, Industrialisation, Innovation and Foreign investment

• History of economic thought

• Constitutional law (BC)
• International law and administrative law (17th century)
• Human rights, civil liberties (18th century)
• Criminal law, family law (19th century)
• Public international law, particularly international institutions (20th century)
• Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy and positivism
• Ludwig Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations (1953)

• User:Wikidea/labour