Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Burmese)

In naming Myanmar or Burmese-related topics and article titles, please follow these conventions.

Spelling

Because there is no standardized romanization system for Burmese, spellings for the names of people and places often vary widely depending on the source. When a certain spelling is widely predominant in English sources, that spelling should be used. For place names, An Introduction to the Toponymy of Burma, published by The Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use, is a useful source; however, its spellings are not based on usage, but largely on the official spellings of the present Burmese Government.

Use full names

Burmese names are personal names that may consist of one or more words. Burmese people do not have first names or last names in the Western sense (although in informal speech many people use shortened nicknames). Thus when referring to Burmese people in Wikipedia articles, you should always use the full form of the person's name. For example, Mi Mi Khaing should never be referred to as just "Khaing" or "Daw Khaing".

Polysyllabic names

Longer, polysyllabic personal names have become increasingly common among the Burmese (3 syllables for males, 4 for females). Unless the name contains Sanskrit or Pali loan words, each syllable should be separated with a space. Examples:

  • Htet Htet Moe Oo (ထက်ထက်မိုးဦး)
    • All are native Burmese words
  • Yadanar Khin (ရတနာခင်)
    • Yadanar is a Burmese loan of Pali ratana, "jewel"
    • Khin is a native Burmese word
  • Khin Sandar Win (ခင်စန္ဒာဝင်း)
    • Sandar is a Burmese loan of Pali chanda, "moon"
    • Khin and Win are native Burmese words
  • Tayza (တေဇ) (also spelled Tay Za or Teza by media)
    • Tayza is a Burmese loan of Pali teja, "glory"

Honorifics

Although the Manual of Style for biographies generally prohibits titles and honorifics from being used before a person's name, Burmese names are sometimes an exception. As Burmese names are often very short, honorifics are sometimes treated as an integral part of a person's name, for example, U Nu or U Thant. If a Burmese person's name consists of a single short word, or their name is most commonly written with the honorific, you may leave the honorific in the title. (This applies to ethnic honorifics as well.) Names that are recognizable without the honorific, like U Than Shwe, should generally not include the honorific.

Please use {{Burmese name}} to indicate which part of a name is honorific.

Below are some common honorifics used in Burmese names:

HonorificBurmeseTranslationNotes
Ashinအရှင်LordUsed by monks, nobles, and rarely, for women
Bo/Bogyokeဗိုလ်/ဗိုလ်ချုပ်Commander/GeneralUsed for military officers (e.g., Bogyoke Aung San)
Dawဒေါ်Aunt/MsUsed for mature women or women in a senior position (e.g. Daw Aung San Suu Kyi)
DuwaဒူးဝါးChiefUsed for Kachin chiefs
KoကိုBrother (older)Used for men of similar age (e.g. Ko Mya Aye)
MaSister/MsUsed for young women or women of similar age
Mahnမန်း-Used by Kayin men (e.g., Mahn Win Maung)
Mai/Meမယ်Used by some young women in lieu of , but exceedingly rare
Maung (abbr. Mg)မောင်Brother (younger) for boysSometimes used as part of given name
MiမိMsUsed by some young women, usually as a nickname (e.g., Mi Swe)
Used by Mon women
Minမင်းLordUsed as a suffix for rulers, aristocrats (e.g. Mindon Min , Min Maha Giri)
Minnမင်းA common Burmese Boy name derived from Min
Minhမင်းUsed by Mon boys; equivalent to Maung
Naiနိုင်MrUsed by Mon men; equivalent to U (e.g., Nai Shwe Kyin)
Nangနန်းMsUsed by Shan women
Nawနော်MsUsed by Kayin women
Saiစိုင်းMrUsed by Shan men (e.g., Sai Htee Saing)
Salaiဆလိုင်းUsed by Chin men (e.g., Salai Than Tun)
Saoစဝ်Used by Shan royalty (e.g., Sao Shwe Thaik)
SawစောMrUsed by Karen men (e.g., Saw Bo Mya)
Archaic royal stytle meaning "lord"; also a common Burmese name
Sawbwaစော်ဘွားChiefBurmese approximation of Shan 'saopha', used as a suffix for Shan chiefs (e.g., Nyaungshwe Sawbwa Sao Shwe Thaik)
SayaဆရာTeacherUsed for males of senior rank or age
Sayadawဆရာတော်Royal TeacherUsed for senior monks (e.g., Sayadaw U Pandita)
SayamaဆရာမTeacherUsed for females of senior rank or age
Shinရှင်LordUsed by monks and noble women (e.g. Shin Arahan, Yawei Shin Htwe)
Tekkathoတက္ကသိုလ်UniversityUsed by writers (increasingly rare, e.g., Tekkatho Phone Naing)
Thakinသခင်MasterUsed by the members of Dobama Asiayone (e.g., Thakin Kodaw Hmaing)
Theippanသိပ္ပံScienceUsed by writers (rarely used now, e.g., Theippan Maung Wa)
UဦးUncle/MrUsed for mature men or men in a senior position and monks (e.g., U Thant, U Ottama)