Babban kotun Koli na Amurka
Babban kotun Koli na Amurka,
 Babban kotun Koli na Amurka | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Iri | Kotun ƙoli da United States article III court (en)  |
| Ƙasa | Tarayyar Amurka |
| Aiki | |
| Member count (en) | 9 (1869) |
| Bangare na | United States federal courts (en) |
| Mulki | |
| Shugaba | John Roberts (en) |
| Hedkwata | Washington, D.C. da Old Senate Chamber (en) |
| Subdivisions | |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 1789 |
| supremecourt.gov | |
Kotun Koli na Amurka ( SCOTUS) ita ce babbar kotu a bangaren shari'ar tarayya na Amurka. Yana yana da matuƙar kuma sun fi mayar da ikon kotun] aukaka} iko a kan duk tarayya da jihar kotu lokuta da cewa unsa a batu na dokar tarayya, kuma na asali iko a kan kunkuntar kewayon lokuta, musamman "duk Cases shafi, Ambassadors, sauran jama'a ministocin da Consuls, da kuma waɗanda a cikin abin Jiha za ta zama Jam'iyya.[1][2] Kotun tana da ikon bita na shari'a, ikon lalata doka don karya tanadin Tsarin Mulki . Hakanan tana da ikon soke umarnin shugaban ƙasa saboda sabawa Tsarin Mulki ko dokar doka . Koyaya, yana iya yin aiki kawai a cikin mahallin shari'ar a wani yanki na doka wanda ke da ikon sa.
Kotun iya shirya lokuta da ciwon siyasa overtones amma ya yi mulki cewa shi ba ya da ikon yanke shawara maras justiciable siyasa tambayoyi.
Farkon Kirkira
A karkashin Babban Mai Shari'a Jay, Rutledge, da Ellsworth (1789-1801), Kotun ta saurari karancin kararraki; hukuncin farko shi ne West v. Barnes (1791), shari'ar da ta shafi hanya. Kamar yadda Kotun da farko tana da membobi shida ne kawai, duk hukuncin da ta yanke da rinjaye shima kashi biyu bisa uku ne (jefa ƙuri'a huɗu zuwa biyu). Duk da haka kuma, Congress ya ko da yaushe a yarda kasa da kuma kotu ta cika membobinsu zuwa yin yanke shawara, da suka fara da wani cikasa wakilcin na hudu ma'aji a shekarar 1789. Kotun ba ta da gidan kansa kuma ba ta da ƙima, halin da babban shari'ar zamanin, Chisholm v. Jojiya (1793), wanda ya juye cikin shekaru biyu ta hanyar karɓar Kwaskwarimar Sha ɗaya.[3]