Communist Party of Cuba
20°59′27.7″N 77°25′41.5″W / 20.991028°N 77.428194°W
Communist Party of Cuba Partido Comunista de Cuba | |
|---|---|
| First Secretary | Miguel Díaz-Canel |
| Second Secretary | José Ramón Machado |
| Founder | Fidel Castro |
| Founded | 3 October 1965 |
| Preceded by | 26th of July Movement Popular Socialist Party |
| Headquarters | Havana, Cuba |
| Newspaper | Granma |
| Youth wing | Young Communist League |
| Pioneer wing | José Martí Pioneer Organization |
| Membership (2010) |  1,054,000[1] |
| Ideology | Communism Marxism–Leninism Revolutionary socialism Anti-capitalism Castroism Guevarism Socialism of the 21st century |
| Political position | Far-left |
| International affiliation | International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties |
| Regional affiliation | COPPPAL Foro de São Paulo |
| Colors | Red Blue |
| Slogan | ¡Hasta la victoria siempre! |
| Website | |
| www.pcc.cu | |
The Communist Party of Cuba[a] is the ruling political party in Cuba. It is a Marxist–Leninist communist party. The Cuban constitution describes the role of the party to be the "leading force of society and of the state". Since April 2021, the First Secretary of the Central Committee has been Miguel Díaz-Canel. The Second Secretary has been José Ramón Machado Ventura.[3]
History
Cuba had a number of communist and anarchist organizations from the early period of the Republic. The original "internationalised" Communist Party of Cuba formed in the 1920s. In 1944, it was renamed as the Popular Socialist Party for electoral reasons. In July 1961, two years after the successful overthrow of Fulgencio Batista and the creation of a revolutionary government, the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations (ORI) was formed. It was a merger of:
- Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement
- The Popular Socialist Party led by Blas Roca
- The student-based Revolutionary Directory led by Faure Chomón
On 26 March 1962, the ORI became the United Party of the Cuban Socialist Revolution (PURSC), which became the Communist Party of Cuba on 3 October 1965. In Article 5 of the Cuban constitution of 1976, the Communist Party is recognized as "the superior guiding force of society and of the State, that organizes and orients common efforts toward the high goals of the construction of socialism and the advancement toward communist society".[4] All parties, including the Communist Party, are prohibited from advertizing their organizations.
For the first fifteen years of its existence, the Communist Party was almost completely inactive outside of the Politburo. The 100 person Central Committee rarely met and the first regular party Congress was held ten years after its founding. In 1969, membership of the party was only 55,000 (0.7% of the population), making the PCC the smallest ruling communist party in the world. By the time of the first party Congress in 1975, the party had grown to just over two hundred thousand members. By 1980, the party had grown to over 430,000 members and it grew further to 520,000 by 1985.
Central Committee
The leading bodies of the party were the Politburo and the Secretariat until 1991. In 1991 the two bodies were merged into an expanded Politburo with over twenty members. However, the Secretariat was re-introduced in 2002. There is also a Central Committee which meets between party congresses. At the Fifth Congress, the size of the Central Committee was reduced to 150 members from the previous membership of 225. Fidel Castro was the party's First Secretary (or leader) since its creation while Raúl Castro was the Second Secretary. Upon Fidel Castro's 2008 resignation from the party and Cuban government, Raúl Castro became First Secretary.
Politburo
The 8th Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba was elected by the Central Committee following the 8mth Congress.
| Rank | Name | 7th POL | Birth | Gender | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Miguel Díaz-Canel | Old | 1961 | Male | ||
| 2 | Juan Esteban Lazo Hernández | Old | 1944 | Male | ||
| 3 | Salvador Antonio Valdés Mesa | Old | 1945 | Male | ||
| 4 | Roberto Morales Ojeda | Old | 1967 | Male | ||
| 5 | Álvaro López Miera | Old | 1943 | Male | ||
| 6 | Bruno Eduardo Rodríguez Parrilla | Old | 1958 | Male | ||
| 7 | Ulises Guilarte de Nacimiento | Old | 1964 | Male | ||
| 8 | Marta Ayala Ávila | Old | 1966 | Female | ||
| 9 | Manuel Marrero Cruz | New | 1963 | Male | ||
| 10 | Teresa María Amarelle Boué | Old | 1963 | Female | ||
| 11 | José Amado Ricardo Guerra | New | 1965 | Male | ||
| 12 | Luis Alberto Rodríguez López-Calleja | New | 1961 | Male | ||
| 13 | Lázaro Alberto Álvarez Casas | New | 1963 | Male | ||
| 14 | Gladys Martínez Verdecia | New | 19?? | Female | ||
| References: [5][6] | ||||||
Youth
The Communist Party of Cuba has a youth wing, the Young Communist League (Unión de Jóvenes Comunistas, UJC) which is a member organization of the World Federation of Democratic Youth. It also has a children's group, the José Martí Pioneer Organization.
Ideology
Compared with other ruling Communist Parties, the Communist Party of Cuba retains a stricter adherence to the tradition of Marxism–Leninism and the traditional Soviet model.
Electoral History
National Assembly of People's Power
| Election year | Number of votes | Percentage of votes | Number of seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1976 | Elected by the members of the Municipal Assemblies | 489 / 489 | ||
| 1981 | Elected by the members of the Municipal Assemblies | 499 / 499 | ||
| 1993 | Full list | 6,939,894 | 95.1% | 589 / 589 |
| Selective vote | 360,735 | 4.9% | ||
| 1998 | Full list | 7,533,222 | 100% | 601 / 601 |
| Selective vote | ||||
| 2008 | Full list | 7,125,752 | 91% | 614 / 614 |
| Selective vote | 713,606 | 9% | ||
| 2013 | Full list | 6,031,215 | 81.30% | 612 / 612 |
| Selective vote | 1,387,307 | 18.70% | ||
| 2018 | Full list | 5,620,713 | 80.44% | 605 / 605 |
| Selective vote | 1,366,328 | 19.56% | ||
References
Other websites
- Official website (in Spanish)
