উইকিপিডিয়া:সংযোগ
রচনাশৈলী নির্দেশনা (রচনি) |
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Linking through hyperlinks is an important feature of Wikipedia. Internal links bind the project together into an interconnected whole; interwiki links link the project to sister projects such as Wikipedia in other languages, Wikisource and Wiktionary, and external links help to embed Wikipedia into the external World Wide Web.
Links provide instant pathways to locations within and outside the project that are likely to increase our readers' understanding of the topic at hand. When writing or editing an article, it is important to consider not only what to put in the article itself, but what links should be included to help the reader find related information, as well as which other pages should carry links to the article. Care should be taken to avoid underlinking and overlinking, as described below.
This page contains guidelines as to when links should and should not be used, and how to format them. Detailed information about the syntax used to create links can be found at Help:Link. The rules on linking applicable to disambiguation pages are set out in the disambiguation style guide.
Principles
- WP:BTW
- WP:BUILD
Wikipedia is based on hypertext, and aims to "build the web" to enable readers to find relevant information on other pages with just a click of the mouse. Therefore in adding or removing links, consider an article's place in the knowledge tree. Internal links can add to the cohesion and utility of Wikipedia, allowing readers to deepen their understanding of a topic by conveniently accessing other articles. Ask yourself, "How likely is it that the reader will also want to read that other article?" These links should be included where it is most likely that readers might want to use them; for example, in article leads, the openings of new sections, table cells, and image captions. The page from which the hyperlink is activated is called "the anchor"; the page the link points to is called the "the target".
General points on linking style
- As explained in more detail at Help:Links#Wikilinks, linking can be "direct" (
[[Riverside, California]]
, which results in Riverside, California), or "piped" ([[Riverside, California|Riverside]]
), which results in Riverside in the text, but still links to the article "Riverside, California"). - Section headings should not themselves contain links (see WP:ACCESS for why); instead, a {{main}} or {{seealso}} template should be placed immediately after the heading.
- Links should not be placed in the boldface reiteration of the title in the opening sentence of a lead.[১]
- Items within quotations should not generally be linked; instead, consider placing the relevant links in the surrounding text or in the "See also" section of the article.
- When possible, avoid placing links next to each other so that they look like a single link, as in
[[Ireland|Irish]] [[Chess]] [[Championship]]
(Irish Chess Championship). Consider rephrasing the sentence, omitting one of the links, or using a more specific single link (e.g. to Irish Chess Championship) instead. - Articles on technical subjects might need a higher density of links than in general-interest articles, due to their larger number of technical terms that general dictionaries are unlikely to explain in context.
- Do not create links to user or wikiproject pages in articles, except in articles about Wikipedia itself (see WP:Self-references to avoid).
Overlinking and underlinking
- WP:OVERLINK
- WP:UNDERLINK
Provide links that aid navigation and understanding, but avoid cluttering the page with obvious, redundant and useless links. An article is said to be underlinked if subjects are not linked that are helpful to the understanding of the article or its context. However, overlinking[২] is also something to be avoided, as it can make it harder for the reader to identify and follow those links which are likely to be of value.
- Do not link to a page that redirects back to the page the link is on.
- Do not be afraid to create links to potential articles that do not yet exist (see Red links below).
- Think carefully before you remove a link altogether—what may seem like an irrelevant link to you may be useful to other readers.
- If you feel that a certain link does not belong in the body of the text, consider moving it to a "See also" section at the bottom of the article. (Remember that links can also be useful when applying the "What links here" feature from the target page.)
Some editors feel that the lead section is a special case. On the one hand it might be desirable to have fewer links in the lead section than in the body of the text; while some links make it easier to scan a longer lead by highlighting key terms, too many make it harder. On the other hand, in technical articles that use many uncommon terms in the introduction, a higher-than-usual link density in the lead section may be necessary to facilitate understanding; but, if possible, try giving an informal explanation in the lead, avoiding using too many technical terms until later in the article: see point 5 of WP:NOT#Wikipedia is not a manual, guidebook, textbook, or scientific journal, and WP:Make technical articles accessible.
What generally should be linked
In general, links should be created to:
- relevant connections to the subject of another article that will help readers to understand the current article more fully (see the example below). This can include people, events and topics that already have an article or that clearly deserve one, as long as the link is relevant to the article in question.
- articles with relevant information, for example: "see Fourier series for relevant background".
- articles explaining technical terms, jargon or slang expressions, unless they are defined in the article – but always consider providing a concise definition instead of or in addition to a link to another article. If a technical or slang term doesn't have its own article, an interwiki link to Wiktionary may be the most appropriate.
- articles about geographic places that are likely to be unfamiliar to readers or that in the context may be confused with places that have a similar or identical name.
What generally should not be linked
Unless they are particularly relevant to the topic of the article, avoid linking terms whose meaning can be understood by most readers of the English Wikipedia, including plain English words, the names of major geographic features and locations, religions, languages, common professions, common units of measurement,[৩] and dates (but see Chronological items below).
An example article
For example, in the article on supply and demand:
- almost certainly link "microeconomic theory" and "general equilibrium", as these are technical terms that many readers are unlikely to understand at first sight;
- consider linking "price" and "goods" only if these common words have technical dimensions that are specifically relevant to the topic.
- do not link to the "United States", because that is an article on a very broad topic with no direct connection to supply and demand.
- definitely do not link "potato", because it is a common term with no particular relationship to the article on supply and demand, beyond its arbitrary use as an example of traded goods in that article.
- Make sure that the links are directed to the correct articles: in this example, you should link good (economics), not good. Many common dictionary words link to disambiguation pages.
পুনরাবৃত্ত সংযোগসমূহ
- WP:REPEATLINK
In general, link only the first occurrence of an item. This is a rule of thumb that has many exceptions, including the following:
- where a later occurrence of an item is a long way from the first.
- where the first link was in an infobox or a navbox, or some similar meta-content.
- long sortable tables, in which each row should be able to stand on its own. (Rows which are near the top of the table when it is sorted according to one column can be far from it when it is sorted according to another one.)
Link specificity
Always link to the article on the most specific topic appropriate to the context from which you link: it will generally contain more focused information, as well as links to more general topics. (Move your mouse pointer over the blue links in the table below to see the target.)
What you type | How it appears | Specificity |
---|---|---|
[[Icelandic alphabet]] | Icelandic alphabet | Specific |
[[Icelandic (language)|Icelandic]] alphabet | Icelandic alphabet | Related, but less specific |
Icelandic [[alphabet]] | Icelandic alphabet | Unspecific |
the [[flag of Tokelau]] | the flag of Tokelau | Specific |
the [[flag]] of [[Tokelau]] | the flag of Tokelau | Unspecific |
[[Requiem (Mozart)|Requiem]] | Requiem | Specific |
[[Requiem]] | Requiem | Unspecific |
In each case the specific link is preferred.
If there is no article about the most specific topic, do one of the following things:
- If an article on the specific topic does not yet exist, create a redirect page to the article about a more general topic, as described in section টেমপ্লেট:Sectionlink. For example, there currently is no article about the song "Sad Statue" from the album Mezmerize. In the meantime you create Sad Statue which redirects to the article about the album.
- If there is no article on a more general topic, either, create a red link, but read টেমপ্লেট:Sectionlink below.
When neither a redirect nor a red link appear appropriate, consider linking to a more general article instead. For example, instead of Baroque hairstyles, write Baroque hairstyles, Baroque hairstyles, Baroque hairstyles, or hairstyles of the Baroque, depending on the context.
If an existing article has a section specifically about the topic, you can redirect or link directly to it, by appending a number sign (#
) and the name of the section to the article name. For example, Underpromotion is a redirect to Promotion (chess)#Underpromotion, and in the article Quark the link eight gluon types (typed as [[Gluon#Eight gluon colors|eight gluon types]]
) links to a specific section in Gluon. When doing this, add a hidden comment to the target section such as <!-- "Quark" links here -->
so that someone changing the title of that section can fix the incoming links. (Alternatively, use Template:Anchor in case of a large number of links to the section.)
Techniques
Redirects
Let's assume for example you needed a link "poodle", and there was no article for poodles yet. You might want to create a redirect from "poodle" to "dog" as follows: Write the link in the text as if the "poodle" article existed: She owned a [[poodle]] ...
. When you save or preview this, you will see: She owned a poodle.... Click on the red link to create the redirect page, enter the target article name (in our case, Dog), select that text, and click the "#R" button. This will create the following text: #redirect [[Dog]]
.
The advantage of redirects over piped links is that they allow us to determine which pages link to the given topic using Special:Whatlinkshere, which in turn allows us to ...
- create a new article when a significant number of links to that topic exist (see WP:REDIRECT#NOTBROKEN and Redirects with possibilities)
- maintain links, e.g. by filtering incoming links and identifying related articles.
(There is currently no way to apply Whatlinkshere directly to article sections.)
Piped links
You may want to display a text for a link that is different from the linked article title. This can be achieved with what is called Piped links. Example: [[Henry II of England|Henry II]]
, which displays as Henry II. However, make sure that it is still clear what the link refers to without having to follow the link. Think about what the reader will believe the link is about. Example: When you use a link such as [[Archery at the 2008 Summer Olympics|Archery]]
(which displays as Archery), the reader will expect this link to go to a general article on archery, rather than Archery at the ২০০৮ গ্রীষ্মকালীন অলিম্পিক. The exception is when it is clear from the context that links go to specific articles, as in template:২০০৮ গ্রীষ্মকালীন অলিম্পিক Calendar, where all links go to the article about these specific games.
- Plurals and other derived names. When forming plurals, you can do so thus:
[[apple]]s
which includes the final "s" in the link like this: apples. This is easier to type and clearer to read in the source text than[[apple|apples]]
. This works not just for "s", but for any words that consist of an article name and some additional letters. For details, see Help:Link.
- Case sensitivity. Links are not sensitive to initial capitalization, so there is no need to use piping where the only difference between the text and the target is the case of the initial letter (Wikipedia article titles almost always begin with a capital, whereas the linked words in context often do not). However, links are case-sensitive for all but the initial character.
- Intuitiveness.
- WP:EGG