This list of the prehistoric life of Virginia contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Virginia.
Precambrian
The Paleobiology Database records no known occurrences of Precambrian fossils in Virginia.
Paleozoic
Selected Paleozoic taxa of Virginia
- †Acmarhachis
- †Amplexopora
- †Ampyx
Fossils of the Carboniferous-Permian bryozoan Archimedes - †Arthrorhachis
- †Athyris
- †Atrypa
- †Aulopora
- †Aviculopecten
- †Bassleroceras
- †Bellerophon
- †Bellerophon spergensis – tentative report
- †Bimuria
- †Blountiella
Life restoration of the Late Devonian placoderm fish Bothriolepis - †Bumastus
- †Bumastus lioderma – or unidentified comparable form
- †Callixylon
- †Calymene
- †Calyptaulax
- †Camarotoechia
- †Campbelloceras
- †Cardiopteris
- †Ceratocephala
- †Ceratopsis
- †Ceraurinella – type locality for genus
- †Ceraurus
- †Chasmatopora
- †Chonetes
- †Christiania
Assemblage of fossilized shells of the Ordovician brachiopod Cincinnetina - †Clarkoceras – tentative report
- †Cleiothyridina
- †Cleiothyridina sublamellosa – or unidentified comparable form
- †Climacograptus
- †Coleoloides
- †Columnaria
- †Composita
- †Composita subquadrata – or unidentified comparable form
- †Conocardium
- †Constellaria
- †Coosia
- †Coosina
- †Cornulites
- †Cornulites flexuosus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Craniops
- †Crepicephalus
- †Cryptophragmus
Restoration of the Cambrian-Middle Devonian nautiloid cephalopod Cyrtoceras - †Cyrtospirifer
- †Cystodictya
- †Dakeoceras
- †Dalmanites – or unidentified comparable form
- †Diplograptus
- †Echinosphaerites
- †Edmondia
- †Encrinuroides
- †Eophacops
- †Epiphyton
Illustration with inset cross-section diagrams of the Cambrian sponge Ethmophyllum - †Favosites
- †Fletcheria – tentative report
- †Flexicalymene
- †Foerstia
- †Girvanella
- †Glauconome
- †Gonioceras
- †Hallopora
- †Helcionella
- †Heliomeroides
- †Hemithecella – type locality for genus
- †Holia
- †Holopea
- †Homagnostus
- †Hyolithellus
- †Hyolithes
- †Hypseloconus
- †Illaenus
Fossil of the Middle-Late Ordovician giant trilobite Isotelus. - †Kingstonia
- †Kionoceras
- †Komaspidella
- †Kootenia
- †Krausella
- †Kutorgina
- †Labyrinthus
- †Latouchella
Restoration of the Carboniferous-Late Triassic club moss relative Lepidodendron. Eli Heimans (1911). - †Levisoceras
- Lingula
- †Lingulella – tentative report
- †Llanoaspis
- †Lonchodomas
- †Maryvillia
- †Meteoraspis
- †Michelinoceras
- †Microplasma
- †Miraspis
- †Naticopsis
- †Niobe
- †Nisusia
- Nucula
- †Odontopleura
- †Olenellus
- †Olenoides
- †Orthoceras
- †Oulodus
- †Ozarkodina
- †Pagetia
- †Paractinoceras
- †Paterina
- †Pemphigaspis
Fossilized theca of the Carboniferous blastoid echinoderm ("sea bud") Pentremites - †Phillipsia
- †Phragmolites
- †Phylloporina
- Pinna
- †Plaesiomys
- †Platyceras
- †Platystrophia
- †Plectoceras
- †Posidonia
- †Proetus
- †Protobarinophyton
- †Raymondaspis
Fossil of the Early Ordovician-Permian benthic alga Receptaculites - †Remopleurides
- †Rhodea
- †Rothpletzella
- †Salterella
- †Siphonodella
- †Skenidioides
- Solemya
- †Solenopora
- †Sowerbyella
- †Spathognathodus
- †Sphaerexochus
- †Sphaerocoryphe
- †Spirifer
- †Spyroceras
- †Strophomena
- †Subligaculum
- †Subulites
- †Syringopora
Assemblage of fossilized shells of the Early Ordovician-Late Devonian probable mollusc Tentaculites - †Terranovella
- †Tetradium
- †Tricrepicephalus
- †Trinodus
- Trypanites
- †Wilkingia
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Mesozoic
- †Abietites – or unidentified comparable form
- †Abietites longifolius
- †Acrostichites
- †Acrostichites linnaeaefolius
- †Agrestipus – type locality for genus
- †Agrestipus hottoni – type locality for species
- †Alisporites
- †Alisporites aequalis
- †Amblydactylus
- †Amblydactylus gethingi
- †Anchisauripus
- †Anchisauripus parallelus
Fossil (right) of the Early Jurassic dinosaur footprint ichnogenus Anomoepus - †Appomatoxia – type locality for genus
- †Appomatoxia ancistrophora – type locality for species
- † Aquia – type locality for genus
- † Aquia
- †Aquia brookensis – type locality for species
- Aralia
- †Aralia dubia
- †Aratrisporites
- †Aratrisporites scabratus
- †Araucarites
- †Araucarites aquiensis
- †Arcellites
- †Arcellites disciformis
- †Arcellites pyriformis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Athrotaxis
- †Athrotaxis ungeri – or unidentified comparable form
- †Athrotaxopsis
- †Atreipus
- †Atreipus milfordensis
- †Auriculophora
- †Auriculophora acrostichoides
- †Boreogomphodon – type locality for genus
- †Boreogomphodon jeffersoni – type locality for species
- †Brachyphyllum
- †Brachyphyllum crassicaule
- †Brenneria – type locality for genus
- †Brenneria potomacensis – type locality for species
- †Brennerispermum – type locality for genus
- †Brennerispermum potomacensis – type locality for species
Fossil of the sauropod dinosaur footprint ichnogenus Brontopodus - †Brontopodus birdi
- †Caririchnium
- †Caririchnium leonardii
- †Carpestella – type locality for genus
- †Carpestella lacunata – type locality for species
- †Chirotherium
- †Chirotherium lulli
- †Chirotherium parvum
- Cladophlebis
- †Cladophlebis auriculata
- †Cladophlebis constricta
- †Cladophlebis mexicana
- †Classopollis
- †Clathropteris
- †Clathropteris meniscoides
- †Colpectopollis
- †Colpectopollis ellipsoideus
- †Crudia
- †Crudia grahamiana – type locality for species
- †Crybelosporites
- †Crybelosporites striatus
- †Cyathocaulis
- †Cyathocaulis carolinensis
- †Cyathoforma
- †Cyathoforma carolinensis
- †Cyathoforma minuta
- †Cyathoforma penticarpa
- †Danaeopsis
- †Danaeopsis virginiensis
- †Decussosporites
- †Decussosporites microreticulatus
- †Delosorus
- †Delosorus heterophyllus
- †Dichotozamites
- †Dichotozamites cycadopsis
- Dicotylophyllum
- †Dicotylophyllum ovatodecurrens – type locality for species
- Dicranopteris
- †Dictyophylum
- †Dictyopygae
- †Dictyothylakos
- †Dictyothylakos pesslerae
- †Diplurus
Life restoration of the Late Triassic reptile Doswellia - †Doswellia kaltenbachi – type locality for species
- †Drewria
- †Echitriletes
- †Echitriletes lanatus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Emydhipus – or unidentified related form
- †Equisetites
- †Equisetites milleri
- †Equisetites richmondensis
- †Equisetites rogersii
- †Equisetum
- †Equisetum lyellii – or unidentified comparable form
- †Erlansonisporites
- †Erlansonisporites erlansonii
Fossils of the large theropod dinosaur footprint ichnogenus Eubrontes - †Eubrontes approximus
- †Eubrontes giganteus
- †Eucommiidites
- †Euscolosuchus – type locality for genus
- †Euscolosuchus olseni – type locality for species
- †Exesipollenites
- †Ficophyllum
- †Ficophyllum crassinerve
- †Gleichenites
- †Gleichenites distans
- †Gomphiosauridion – type locality for genus
- †Gomphiosauridion baileyae – type locality for species
Negative footprint of G. cuneatus showing skin impressions - †Grallator cuneatus
- †Grallator formosus
- †Gregaripus
- †Gwyneddichnium
- †Gwyneddichnium majore
- †Gypsichnites
- †Gypsichnites pacensis
- †Hypsiloichnus
- †Hypsiloichnus marylandicus
- †Isoetodendron
- †Isoetodendron striata
- †Juglandiphyllum
- †Juglandiphyllum integrifolium
- †Kayentapus
- †Kayentapus minor
- †Kenella – or unidentified related form
- †Lagenella
- †Lagenella martinii
- †Landonia
- †Landonia calophylla – or unidentified comparable form
- †Lapposisporites
- †Lapposisporites loricatus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Leptocyclotes
- †Leptocyclotes americana
Electron micrograph of fossilized teeth from the Early Jurassic-Early Cretaceous freshwater shark Lissodus - †Lonchopteris
- †Lonchopteris oblonga
- †Lunatisporites
- †Lunatisporites acutus
- †Macrotaeniopteris
- †Macrotaeniopteris crassinervis
- †Macrotaeniopteris magnifolia
- †Megalosauropus
- †Mertensides
- †Mertensides bullatus
- †Microconodon
- †Microconodon tenuirostris
- †Nageiopsis
- †Nageiopsis longifolia
- †Nelumbites
- †Nelumbites extenuinervis – type locality for species
- †Nelumbites minimus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Neocalamites
- †Neocalamites delawarensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Neocalamites knowltonii
- †Neocalamites virginiensis
- †Onychopsis
- †Onychopsis latiloba
- †Ornithomimipus
- †Ornithomimipus angustus
Fossil of the Permian-Late Cretaceous fern Osmundites - †Osmundites winterpockensis
- †Ovalipollis
- †Ovalipollis ovalis
- †Pabiania – or unidentified related form
- †Patinasporites
- †Patinasporites densus
- †Paxillitriletes
- †Pecopteris
- †Pecopteris rarinervis
- †Phlebopteris
- †Phlebopteris smithii – or unidentified comparable form
- †Pityopollenites
- †Pityopollenites neomundanus
- †Platanocarpus
- †Platanocarpus brookensis – type locality for species
- †Platanophyllum
- †Platanophyllum crassinerve
- †Plesiornis
- †Plesiornis pilulatus
- †Plicarizamites
- †Plicarizamites lanceolatus
- †Podozamites
- †Podozamites acutifolius
- †Podozamites lanceolatus
- †Podozamites tenuistriatus
- †Populophyllum
- †Populophyllum crassinerve
- †Potomacanthus
- †Potomacanthus lobatus
- †Primaraucaria
- †Primaraucaria wielandii
- †Protodiploxypinus
- †Protodiploxypinus doubingeri
- †Protohaploxypinus
- †Pseudofrenelopsis
- †Pseudofrenelopsis nathorstiana – type locality for species
- †Pseudofrenelopsis parceramosa
- †Pteridocaulis
- †Pteridocaulis facialis
- †Pteridocaulis rhombiformis
- †Pterophyllum
- †Pterophyllum affine
- †Pterophyllum braunianum
- †Pterophyllum descussatum
- †Pterophyllum giganteum
- †Pterophyllum grandifolium
- †Pterophyllum taxinum
- †Pterophyllum tenuinervis
- †Ptycholepis
- †Ptycholepis marshi
- †Redfieldius
- †Rothwellia – type locality for genus.[1]
- †Rothwellia foveata – type locality for species[1]
Life restoration of the Late Triassic phytosaur Rutiodon - †Rutiodon manhattanensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Sagenopteris
- †Sagenopteris rhoifolia
- †Sanmiguelia – tentative report
- †Sapindopsis
- †Sapindopsis – or unidentified comparable form magnifolia/variabilis – informal
- †Sapindopsis minutifolia – type locality for species
- †Sapindopsis obtusifolia
- Sassafras
- †Sassafras bilobata
Fossilized leaf of the Late Cretaceous ginkgo relative Sphenobaiera - †Sphenobaiera striata
- †Sphenolepis
- †Sphenolepis sternbergiana
- †Sphenopteris
- †Sphenopteris lobata
- †Sphenopteris sitholeyi
- †Sphenozamites
- †Sphenozamites rogersianus
- †Stangerites
- †Stangerites obliqua
- †Stangerites planus
Ripe fruit capsule and seeds of a living Sterculia, or tropical chestnut - †Sterculia elegans
- †Sulcatisporites
- †Sulcatisporites kraeuseli
- †Taeniopteris
- †Taeniopteris diminuta
- †Tetrapodosaurus
- †Tetrapodosaurus borealis
- †Thodaya – type locality for genus.[1] Preoccupied.
- †Thodaya sykesiae – type locality for species[1]
- †Thylakosporites
- †Thylakosporites retiarius
- †Trassiflorites
- †Trassiflorites grandiflora
- †Triadispora
- †Triadispora modesta
- †Triadispora verrucata
- †Uatchitodon – type locality for genus
- †Uatchitodon kroehleri – type locality for species
- †Ulmiphyllum
- †Ulmiphyllum crassinerve
- †Vallasporites
- †Vallasporites ignacii
- †Vallasporites perspicuus
- †Verrutriletes
- †Verrutriletes carbunculus
- †Virginianthus – type locality for genus
- †Virginianthus calycanthoides – type locality for species
- †Watsoniocladus – type locality for genus
- †Watsoniocladus florinii – type locality for species
- †Watsoniocladus obatae
- †Watsoniocladus pseudoexpansum
- †Watsoniocladus ramonensis
- †Watsoniocladus valdensis
- †Watsoniocladus virginiensis – type locality for species
- †Xenodiphyodon – type locality for genus
- †Xenodiphyodon petraios – type locality for species
- †Zamiostrobus
- †Zamiostrobus lissocardius
- †Zamiostrobus triasiccus
Fossil of the Early Triassic-Eocene cycad-like frond Zamites - †Zamites buchianus
- †Zamites powellii
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Cenozoic
Selected Cenozoic taxa of Virginia
- Abies
- †Abra
- Acanthocybium
- Accipiter
Living adult (center) and chick (lower right) Accipiter striatus, or sharp-shinned hawks
- Acipenser
- Acmaea
- Acteocina
- Acteon
- †Actinocyclus
- Actitis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Adeorbis
- Aegolius
- Aequipecten
- Aetobatus
- Aetomylaeus
- Agelaius
Fossilized skull of the Miocene baleen whale Aglaocetus - †Aglyptorhynchus
- Albula
- Alca
- †Alca torda – or unidentified comparable form
- Alces – or unidentified comparable form
Fossilized skeleton of the Eocene pig-nosed turtle Allaeochelys - Alnus
- Alopias
- Aluterus
- †Ambystoma
- Amia
- Ammonia
- †Amonia
- †Ampelopsis
- Amyda – or unidentified comparable form
- Anachis
- Anadara
- †Anadara ovalis
Shell of an Anadara transversa, or transverse ark clam
- Anas
- †Anas crecca
- †Anas discors
- †Anas platyrhynchos – or unidentified comparable form
- Anguilla
- †Anguispira
- Angulus
- Anomia
- †Anomotodon
A living Anoxypristis cuspidata, or knifetooth sawfish - †Anthus – or unidentified comparable form
- Aporrhais
- Arbacia
- †Archaeohippus
- †Archaeomanta
- Architectonica
Restoration of an Arctodus, or short-faced bear, with a human to scale - Argobuccinum
- Argopecten
- Arius – tentative report
- Asio
- †Asio flammeus – or unidentified comparable form
- Astarte
- Astrangia
- Astyris
- Athleta
- Balaena
- Balaenoptera
Fossilized vertebrae of the Pliocene baleen whale Balaenotus - Balanophyllia
- Balanus
- Barbatia
- Barnea
- Bartramia
- †Basilotritus
- Betula
- Bison
- Bittiolum
- Blarina
- †Bohaskaia – type locality for genus
- †Bohaskaia monodontoides – type locality for species
- †Bolcyrus – or unidentified comparable form
- Bombycilla
- Bonasa
- †Bootherium
Fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene-Holocene bovid Bootherium bombifrons, or Harlan's musk ox.
- Boreotrophon
- Bos
- Bostrycapulus
- Botaurus
- Brachidontes
- Branta
- †Brevoortia
- †Brychaetus
- Bubo
A living Bubo virginianus, or great horned owl
- Buccella
- Buccinum
- Bucephala
- Bufo
- †Burnhamia
- Busycon
- Busycotypus
- Buteo
A living Buteo jamaicensis, or red-tailed hawk - †Buteo lineatus
- †Buteo platypterus
- Cadulus
- Caecum
- Caestocorbula
- †Calippus
- Calliostoma
- †Callippus
- Callista
- Calonectris
- Cambarus
- †Cambarus bartonii – or unidentified comparable form
- †Canarium
- Cancellaria
- Cancer
- Canis
Modern mounted skeleton of Canis lupus, the grey wolf, to scale with a fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene wolf Canis dirus, or dire wolf - †Canis latrans
- †Canis lupus – or unidentified comparable form
- Cantharus
- Canthon
- Capella
- Carcharhinus
- Carcharias
- Carcharodon
- Carditamera
- †Carolinochelys
- Carphophis
- Carya
- Castor
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene giant beaver Castoroides - Catharus
- †Catinella
- Catoptrophorus
- †Catostomus
- Celtis
- Cerithiopsis
- Certhia
- †Cervalces – tentative report
- Cervus
- Cetorhinus
Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene whale Cetotherium - Chaetura
- Chama
- Charadrius
- Chelydra
- †Chesapecten
Shells of the Pliocene scallop Chesapecten jeffersonius
- Chione
- Chlamys
- †Chordeiles
- Cibicides
- Cingula
- Circulus
- Cirsotrema
- Cistothorus
- †Cistothorus platensis – or unidentified comparable form
- Clavus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- Clethrionomys
A living Cliona sponge - Coccyzus
- Colaptes
- Colinus
- Coluber
- †Columella
- Colus
- Condylura
- Contopus
- Conus
Shell of a Corbula basket clam - Corvus
- Cotonopsis
- †Coupatezia
- Crassostrea
- Crepidula
Fossil of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene shark Cretolamna - Crocodylus
- Crotalus
- †Crotalus adamanteus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Crotalus horridus
- Crucibulum
- Cryptobranchus
A living Cryptobranchus alleganiensis, or hellbender salamander
- †Cryptogramma
- Cryptotis
- Cucullaea
- Cumingia
- Cupuladria
- Cyanocitta
- Cyclocardia
Fossilized skeleton of the Eocene bony fish Cyclopoma - Cylichna
- †Cylindracanthus
- Cymatosyrinx
- †Cynelos
- Cynoscion
- Dasyatis
- Dasypus
Fossilized cranium seen from above and below of the Pleistocene Dasypus bellus, or beautiful armadillo
- Dendrocopos
- †Dendroica – or unidentified comparable form
- Dentalium
- Dentimargo
- Desmognathus
- Diadophis
- Dicaelus
- Dinocardium
- Diodora
- †Diorocetus
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Paleocene-Miocene crocodilian Diplocynodon - Discinisca
- †Discoaster
- Discus
- †Dolicholatirus
- †Dolichonyx – or unidentified comparable form
- Donax
Shells of Donax variabilis, or coquina
- Dosinia
- Dryocopus
- Echinocardium
- Echinorhinus
- †Ecphora
- †Ectopistes
- †Egertonia
- Elaphe
- †Elaphe guttata – or unidentified comparable form
- †Elaphe obsoleta – or unidentified comparable form
- Electra
- Elphidium
- †Empidonax
- Ensis
Life restoration of two of the Miocene baleen whale Eobalaenoptera pursued by the giant shark Carcharocles megalodon - †Eobalaenoptera harrisoni – type locality for species
- †Eosphargis
- †Eosuchus
- Epitonium
- Eptesicus
- Equus
- Eremophila
- Erethizon
A living Erethizon dorsatum, or North American porcupine
- Erolia
- Eschrichtius
- Esox
- †Esox americanus – or unidentified comparable form
- Eulima
- Eumeces
- †Eumeces laticeps – or unidentified comparable form
- Eupleura
Life restoration of the Miocene whale Eurhinodelphis (above) - Euspira
- Eutamias
- Euvola
- Falco
- Felis
- Ficus
- Flabellum
- Fossarus
- Fusinus
- Gadus
A living Galeocerdo cuvier, or tiger shark - Galeodea
- Galeorhinus
- Galerita
- †Galerita bicolor – or unidentified comparable form
- Gallinula
- Gari
- Gastrochaena
- Gastrocopta
- Gavia
Fossilized skull of the Miocene crocodile relative Gavialosuchus - Gemma
- Genota – or unidentified comparable form
- Geomys
- Geukensia
- Gibbula – tentative report
- Ginglymostoma
- Glaucomys
A living Glaucomys sabrinus, or northern flying squirrel
- Globigerina
- Globulina
- Glossus
- Glycymeris
- Granulina
- Grus
- †Hadrodelphis – or unidentified comparable form
- Halichoerus
A living Halichoerus grypus, or grey seal
- Hastula
- Helicodiscus
- Hemipristis
- Heterodontus
- Hexanchus
- Hiatella
- Hipponix
Fossilized skull of the Eocene tapir-like mammal Homogalax - Hydrobia
- Hydroides
- Hyla
- †Hyla crucifer – or unidentified comparable form
- Hylocichla
- †Hyopsodus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Hyposaurus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Icterus – or unidentified comparable form
A living Icterus spurius, or orchard oriole
- Ilyanassa
- Ischadium
- Isistius
- Isognomon
- Istiophorus
- Isurus
- Junco
Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene dolphin Kentriodon - Kuphus
- Kurtziella
- Lagena
- †Lagopus
- †Lagopus mutus – or unidentified comparable form
- Lamna
- Lampropeltis
- Larus
A living Larus hyperboreus, or glaucous gull
- Lasiurus
- Latirus
- Lepisosteus
- †Leptophoca
- †Leptoxis
- Lepus
A living Lepus americanus, or snowshoe hare
- Libinia
- †Limosa – or unidentified comparable form
- Linga
- Litiopa
- Littoraria
- Lontra
Mounted skeleton of a Lophius americanus, or American anglerfish - Lophodytes
- Lopholatilus
- Loxia
- Lucina
- Lunatia
- Lymnaea
- Lynx
A living Lynx rufus, or bobcat
- Lyonsia
- Macoma
- Macrocallista
- Makaira
- †Makaira nigricans – or unidentified comparable form
- †Mammut
- †Mammuthus
- †Mammuthus columbi
Life restorations of a Mammut americanum, or American mastodon (right), and a Mammuthus primigenius, or wooly mammoth (left)
- †Margaritaria
- Marginella
- Marmota
- Masticophis
- Megaceryle
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Megalonyx - Megalops
- Megaptera
- Melanerpes
- Meleagris
- Melospiza
Living Membranipora bryozoan - Mephitis
- Mercenaria
- Mergus
- †Merychippus
- †Mesocetus
- Mesoplodon
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene manatee relative Metaxytherium - †Metopocetus – type locality for genus
- Microtus
- Mitrella
- Modiolus
- Mola
- Molothrus
- †Monotherium
- Morus
A living Morus bassanus, or northern gannet
- †Moxostoma
- Mulinia
- Musculus
- Mustela
- †Mya
- Myliobatis
Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus - Myotis
- Myriophyllum
- Mytilus
- Napaeozapus
- Nassarius
- Naticarius
- Natrix
- Nebrius
- Negaprion
- Neofiber
- Neogale
- Neotoma
Close-up of a Neotoma floridana, or eastern woodrat
- Nerodia
- Neverita
- †Nipa – or unidentified comparable form
- Niso
- †Nocomis
- †Nocomis raneyi – or unidentified comparable form
- Notophthalmus
- †Notophthalmus viridescens – or unidentified comparable form
Illustration of a living Notorynchus cow shark - Notorynchus
- †Noturus
- Nucula
- †Nyssa
- Ochotona
- Ocypode
- Odobenus
- Odocoileus
- Odontaspis
Illustration of a fossilized partial skull of the Paleocene-Eocene pseudo-toothed bird Odontopteryx - Odostomia
- Oliva
- Olivella
- Ondatra
- Onthophagus
- †Ontocetus – type locality for genus
- †Ontocetus emmonsi – type locality for species
- Opheodrys
- †Opsanus
- †Orycterocetus
- †Osteopygis
- †Ostracion
- Ostrea
- †Otodus
Diagram illustrating the largest (grey) and most conservative (red) size estimates of the Miocene-Pliocene shark Carcharocles megalodon (sometimes Carcharodon or Otodus megalodon) with a whale shark (violet), great white shark (green), and anachronistic human (black) to scale
- Otus
- †Oxyrhina
- †Oxyura
- †Pachecoa
- †Palaeophis
- †Palaeorhincodon
- †Palaeosinopa – or unidentified comparable form
- Pandora
- Panopea
- Panopeus
- Panthera
A living Panthera leo, or lion
- †Paralbula
- Parascalops
- †Parietobalaena
- Parus
- Parvanachis
- Passerella
- Pecten
- †Pedalion
- Pedioecetes
- Pekania
- †Pekania pennanti – or unidentified comparable form
Life restoration of the Oligocene-Pleistocene false-toothed bird Pelagornis - †Pelocetus
- †Perimyotis
- Perisoreus
- Peristernia
- Peromyscus
- Petaloconchus
- Petricola
- Petrochelidon
- Phalacrocorax
A living Phalacrocorax auritus, or double-crested cormorant
- Phenacomys
- †Phenacomys intermedius
- †Phenacomys ungava – or unidentified comparable form
- †Phocageneus – type locality for genus
- Pholadomya
- Pholas
- Phyllodus
- Physa
- †Physogaleus
- †Phytolacca
- Pica
- Picea
- †Pinguinus
- Pinicola – or unidentified comparable form
- Pinus
- Pipistrellus
- Piranga
- Pisania
- Pisidium
- Pitar
- Placopecten
Restoration of a herd of alarmed Miocene-Pleistocene peccaries of the genus Platygonus. Charles R. Knight (1922). - Plecotus
- †Plecotus townsendii – or unidentified comparable form
- Pleuromeris
- Plicatula
- Pluvialis
- Podiceps
- Podilymbus
A living Podilymbus podiceps, or pied-billed grebe
- Pogonias
- Polinices
- Polydora
- Polygonum
- †Pomatiopsis
- †Pooecetes
- Porzana
- †Potamogeton
- †Prionodon
- Prionotus
- Pristis
- †Procamelus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Procolpochelys
- Procyon
- †Prolates
- †Protautoga
- Prunum
- Psammechinus
- †Psephophorus
- Pseudochama
- Pseudoliva
- Pseudotorinia
- Pteria
- Pteromeris
- Pteromylaeus
- †Ptychosalpinx
- †Puppigerus
- Pycnodonte
Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene bony fish Pycnodus - Quercus
- Quinqueloculina
- Raja
- Rallus
- †Rana
- †Rana catesbiana – lapsus calami of Rana catesbeiana
- †Rana clamitans – or unidentified comparable form
- †Rana palustris
- †Rana pipiens
- †Rana sylvatica – or unidentified comparable form
- Rangia
- Rangifer
A living Rangifer tarandus, or reindeer
- Ranzania
- †Retinella
- Retusa
- Rhinobatos
- Rhinoptera
- Rosalina
- Rostellaria
- †Sarda
- Sayornis
- †Scala
- Scalopus
- Scaphella
- Scaphiopus
- Sceloporus
- †Sceptrum
Fossilized skull of the Miocene toothed whale Schizodelphis - Schizoporella
- Sciaenops
- †Sciaenurus – or unidentified comparable form
- Sciurus
- Scolopax
A living Scolopax minor, or American woodcock
- Scomberomorus
- †Scombrinus
- Scyliorhinus
- Seila
- †Seiurus
- Semele
- †Semotilus
- †Semotilus corporalis – or unidentified comparable form
- Serpulorbis
Fossilized teeth of the Cretaceous-Eocene shark Serratolamna - †Sialia – or unidentified comparable form
- Sinum
- Sitta
- †Solarium
- Solemya
- Solen
- Solenosteira
- Sorex
- †Sorex arcticus
- †Sorex cinereus
- †Sorex dispar
- †Sorex fumeus
- †Sorex hoyi
A living Sorex palustris, or American water shrew
- †Spatangus
- Spermophilus
- Sphaerium
- Sphyraena
- †Sphyrapicus
- Sphyrna
- Spilogale
- Spisula
Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene shark-toothed dolphin Squalodon - Squalus
- Squatina
- †Stenotrema
- Stewartia
- Storeria
- †Striatolamia
- Strioterebrum
Shell of a Strobilops land snail - Strombiformis
- Sturnella – or unidentified comparable form
- Sveltia – or unidentified comparable form
- †Syllomus
- Sylvilagus
- Symplocos
- Synaptomys
- Tagelus
- Tamias
- Tamiasciurus
A living Tapirus, or tapir - Tautoga
- Tectonatica
- Teinostoma
- Tellina
- Terebra
- Teredo
- Terrapene
- Textularia
- Thamnophis
Fossilized skeleton of the Oligocene-Miocene gavial relative Thecachampsa - †Thoracosaurus
- Thracia
- †Thuja
- Thunnus
- Tilia
- Toxostoma
- Triakis
- Trigonostoma
- Tringa – or unidentified comparable form
- †Triodopsis
A living Triodopsis tridentata land snail, or northern threetooth
- Triphora
- Trochita
- Trox
- †Tsuga
- †Tsuga canadensis – or unidentified comparable form
- Tucetona
- Turbonilla
- Turdus
A living Turdus migratorius, or American robin
- Turritella
- Uria
- Urosalpinx
- Ursus
- Vallonia
- Valvata
- Venericardia
- Vermetus
- Vertigo
- Vitis
- Vitrinella
- †Voltaconger
- Voluta
- Volutifusus
- Vulpes
- Xenophora
Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene whale Xiphiacetus - Yoldia
- Zapus
- Zonotrichia
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References
- Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 17 December 2021.
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