Tin, 50Sn![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Sn-Alpha-Beta.jpg/220px-Sn-Alpha-Beta.jpg) |
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नाम, संकेत | tin, Sn |
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उच्चारण | |
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उपस्थिति | silvery (left, beta) or gray (right, alpha) |
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| Ge ↑ Sn ↓ Pb | indium ← tin → antimony |
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आणविक संख्या | 50 |
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मानक आणविक भार | 118.710 |
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तत्वको श्रेणी | post-transition metal |
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समुह, ब्लक | group 14 (carbon group), p-block |
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पेरियोड | period 5 |
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इलेक्ट्रोन वितरण | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2 |
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प्रति सेल | 2, 8, 18, 18, 4 |
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अवस्था | solid |
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पग्लने विन्दु | 505.08 K (231.93 °C, 449.47 °F) |
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उम्लने विन्दु | 2875 K (2602 °C, 4716 °F) |
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Density near r.t. | (white) 7.365 g·cm−3 (gray) 5.769 g·cm−3 |
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liquid, at m.p. | 6.99 g·cm−3 |
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फ्युजनको ताप | (white) 7.03 kJ·mol−1 |
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Heat of vaporization | (white) 296.1 kJ·mol−1 |
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मोलार ताप क्षमता | (white) 27.112 J·mol−1·K−1 |
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vapor pressureP (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k | at T (K) | 1497 | 1657 | 1855 | 2107 | 2438 | 2893 |
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अक्सिडेसन अवस्थाहरू | 4, 2, -4 (amphoteric oxide) |
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इलेक्ट्रो निगेटिभिटी | Pauling scale: 1.96 |
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आणविक अर्धव्यास | empirical: 140 pm |
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कोभ्यालेन्ट अर्धव्यास | 139±4 pm |
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भ्यान डर वाल अर्धव्यास | 217 pm |
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क्रिस्टल बनावट | Tetragonal (white), diamond cubic (gray) |
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थर्मल एक्सपान्सन | 22.0 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C) |
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थर्मल कन्डक्टिभिटी | 66.8 W·m−1·K−1 |
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Electrical resistivity | 115 n Ω·m (at 0 °C) |
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Magnetic ordering | (gray)diamagnetic[१], (white) paramagnetic |
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Young's modulus | 50 GPa |
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Shear modulus | 18 GPa |
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Bulk modulus | 58 GPa |
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Poisson ratio | 0.36 |
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Mohs hardness | 1.5 |
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Brinell hardness | 51 MPa |
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CAS Registry Number | 7440-31-5 |
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Main article: Isotopes of tin |
iso | NA | half-life | DM | DE (MeV) | DP |
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112Sn | 0.97% | 112Sn is stable with 62 neutrons | 114Sn | 0.66% | 114Sn is stable with 64 neutrons | 115Sn | 0.34% | 115Sn is stable with 65 neutrons | 116Sn | 14.54% | 116Sn is stable with 66 neutrons | 117Sn | 7.68% | 117Sn is stable with 67 neutrons | 118Sn | 24.22% | 118Sn is stable with 68 neutrons | 119Sn | 8.59% | 119Sn is stable with 69 neutrons | 120Sn | 32.58% | 120Sn is stable with 70 neutrons | 122Sn | 4.63% | 122Sn is stable with 72 neutrons | 124Sn | 5.79% | 124Sn is stable with 74 neutrons | 126Sn | trace | 2.3×105 y | β− | 0.380 | 126Sb |
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· सन्दर्भ सामाग्रीहरू |
References
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