FOXP2

FOXP2 is a gene which codes for a protein needed for speech and language.

It codes for "Forkhead box protein P2", which is needed for the proper development of speech and language in humans.^[1] Versions of this gene occur in many vertebrates, where it generally plays a role in communication (for instance, the development of bird song).

FOXP2 is the first gene found which affects speech and language.^[2] The gene is more active in females than in males.^[3] In humans, mutations of FOXP2 cause a severe speech and language disorder.^[1][4]

FOXP2 is popularly dubbed the "language gene", but this is only partly correct since there are other genes involved in language development.^[5] It directly regulates a number of other genes, including CNTNAP2, CTBP1, and SRPX2.^[6][7]

Two amino acid substitutions distinguish the human FOXP2 protein from that found in chimpanzees.^[8] Evidence suggests that these changes affect the functions of FOXP2.^[9][10]