Лигње

Лигње; Временски распон: Early Devonian – Recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Карипска корална лигња (Sepioteuthis sepioidea)
Научна класификација
Домен:	Eukaryota
Царство:	Animalia
Тип:	Mollusca
Класа:	Cephalopoda
Поткласа:	Coleoidea
Кохорта:	Neocoleoidea
Надред:	Decapodiformes; Leach, 1817
Редови
	Myopsida ; Oegopsida d'Orbigny, 1845; Sepiida Zittel, 1895; Spirulida Stolley, 1919; Teuthida Naef, 1916 (nomen dubium); Decapodiformes incertae sedis Bathyteuthoidea Vecchione, Young, & Sweeney, 2004; Idiosepiidae Appellöf, 1898; ;
Синоними
	Decembrachiata Winckworth, 1932;

Лигње су морски главоношци надреда Decapodiformes. Као и сви остали главоношци имају изразиту главу, билатералну симетрију, и удове. Лигње имају 8 удова поређаних у парове и додатна два дужа уда.

Станиште

Станиште лигњи су морски екосистеми.

Таксономија и филогенија

Cephalopoda

Nautilus

Coleoidea

Хоботнице и сродници

	Octopoda

	Vampyroteuthidae

Decapodiformes

Cranchiinae

Cycloteuthidae

Psychroteuthidae

	Onychoteuthidae

	Taoniinae

Architeuthidae

	Lepidoteuthidae

	Octopoteuthidae

	Ancistrocheiridae

	Lycoteuthidae

Pyroteuthidae

Bathyteuthidae

Ommastrephidae

	Pholidoteuthidae

	Gonatidae

Chiroteuthidae

	Sepiolida

	Sepiadariidae

Chtenopterygidae

	Thysanoteuthidae

	Enoploteuthidae

Brachioteuthidae

	Neoteuthidae

	Histioteuthidae

Batoteuthidae

Mastigoteuthidae

	Joubiniteuthidae

	Magnapinnidae

Spirulida

	Myopsida Loliginidae

	Sepiidae

Idiosepiidae

Фамилије

Ancistrocheiridae Pfeffer, 1912
Architeuthidae Pfeffer, 1900
Bathyteuthidae Pfeffer, 1900
Batoteuthidae Young and Roper, 1968
Brachioteuthidae Pfeffer, 1908
Chiroteuthidae Gray, 1849
Chtenopterygidae Allan, 1945
Cranchiidae Prosch, 1847
Cycloteuthidae Naef, 1923
Enoploteuthidae Pfeffer, 1900
Gonatidae Hoyle, 1886
Histioteuthidae Verrill, 1881
Joubiniteuthidae Naef, 1922
Lepidoteuthidae Naef, 1912
Loliginidae Lesueur, 1821
Lycoteuthidae Pfeffer, 1908
Mastigoteuthidae Verrill, 1881 in 1880-1881
Neoteuthidae Naef, 1921
Octopoteuthidae Berry, 1912
Ommastrephidae Steenstrup, 1857
Onychoteuthidae Gray, 1847
Promachoteuthidae Naef, 1912
Psychroteuthidae Thiele, 1920
Pyroteuthidae Pfeffer, 1912
Thysanoteuthidae Keferstein, 1866
Walvisteuthidae Nesis and Nikitina, 1986

Родови

Abralia Gray, 1849
Abraliopsis Joubin, 1896
Alluroteuthis Odhner, 1923
Ancistrocheirus Gray, 1849
Ancistroteuthis Gray, 1849
Architeuthis Steenstrup, 1857 in Harting, 1860
Bathothauma Chun, 1906
Bathyteuthis Hoyle, 1885
Batoteuthis Young and Roper, 1968
Belonella Lane, 1957
Berryteuthis Naef, 1921
Brachioteuthis Verrill, 1881 in 1880-1881
Chiroteuthis D'Orbigny, 1841
Chtenopteryx Appellöf, 1890
Cranchia Leach, 1817
Cycloteuthis Joubin, 1919
Discoteuthis Young and Roper, 1969
Dosidicus Steenstrup, 1857
Drechselia Joubin, 1931
Egea Joubin, 1933
Enoploteuthis D'Orbigny in Rüppell, 1844
Eogonatus Nesis, 1972
Eucleoteuthis Berry, 1916
Galiteuthis Joubin, 1898
Gonatopsis Sasaki, 1920
Gonatus Gray, 1849
Grimalditeuthis Joubin, 1898
Helicocranchia Massy, 1907
Histioteuthis D'Orbigny, 1842 in Férussac and D'Orbigny, 1834-1848
Hyaloteuthis Gray, 1849
Idioteuthis Sasaki, 1916
Illex Steenstrup, 1880
Joubiniteuthis Berry, 1920
Kondakovia Filippova, 1972
Lampadioteuthis Berry, 1916
Leachia Lesueur, 1821
Lepidoteuthis Joubin, 1895
Liguriella Issel, 1908
Liocranchia Pfeffer, 1884
Loligo Lamarck, 1798
Loliolus Steenstrup, 1856
Lolliguncula Steenstrup, 1881
Lycoteuthis Pfeffer, 1900
Martialia Rochebrune and Mabille, 1889
Mastigoteuthis Verrill, 1881
Megalocranchia Pfeffer, 1884
Mesonychoteuthis Robson, 1925
Moroteuthis Verrill, 1881
Nematolampas Berry, 1913
Neoteuthis Naef, 1921
Nototeuthis Nesis and Nikitina, 1986
Nototodarus Pfeffer, 1912
Octopoteuthis Rüppell, 1844
Ommastrephes D'Orbigny, 1834 in 1834-1847
Onychoteuthis Lichtenstein, 1818
Onykia Lesueur, 1821
Ornithoteuthis Okada, 1927
Parateuthis Thiele, 1920
Pholidoteuthis Adam, 1950
Pickfordiateuthis Voss, 1953
Planctoteuthis Pfeffer, 1912
Promachoteuthis Hoyle, 1885
Psychroteuthis Thiele, 1920
Pterygioteuthis Fischer, 1896
Pyroteuthis Hoyle, 1904
Sandalops Chun, 1906
Selenoteuthis Voss, 1959
Sepioteuthis Blainville, 1824
Sthenoteuthis Verrill, 1880 in 1879-1880
Taningia Joubin, 1931
Taonius Steenstrup, 1861
Tetronychoteuthis Pfeffer, 1900
Teuthowenia Chun, 1910
Thysanoteuthis Troschel, 1857
Todarodes Steenstrup, 1880
Todaropsis Girard, 1890
Uroteuthis Rehder, 1945
Walvisteuthis Nesis and Nikitina, 1986
Watasenia Ishikawa, 1914

Врсте

Abralia andamanica Goodrich, 1896
Abralia armata (Quoy and Gaimard, 1832)
Abralia astrolineata Berry, 1914
Abralia astrosticta Berry, 1909
Abralia dubia (Adam, 1960)
Abralia fasciolata Tsuchiya, 1991
Abralia grimpei Voss, 1959
Abralia heminuchalis Burgess, 1992
Abralia marisarabica Okutani, 1983
Abralia multihamata Sasaki, 1929
Abralia redfieldi Voss, 1955
Abralia renschi Grimpe, 1931
Abralia robsoni Grimpe, 1931
Abralia siedleckyi Lipinski, 1983
Abralia similis Okutani and Tsuchiya, 1987
Abralia spaercki Grimpe, 1931
Abralia steindachneri Weindl, 1912
Abralia trigonura Berry, 1913
Abralia veranyi (Rüppell, 1844)
Abraliopsis affinis (Pfeffer, 1912)
Abraliopsis atlantica Nesis, 1982
Abraliopsis chuni Nesis, 1982
Abraliopsis falco Young, 1972
Abraliopsis felis McGowan and Okutani, 1968
Abraliopsis gilchristi (Robson, 1924)
Abraliopsis hoylei (Pfeffer, 1884)
Abraliopsis lineata (Goodrich, 1896)
Abraliopsis morisi (Verany, 1839)
Abraliopsis pacificus Tsuchiya and Okutani, 1990
Abraliopsis pfefferi Joubin, 1896
Abraliopsis tui Riddell, 1985
Alluroteuthis antarcticus Odhner, 1923
Ancistrocheirus lesueurii (D'Orbigny, 1842 in Férussac and D'Orbigny, 1834-1848)
Ancistroteuthis lichtensteini (Férussac, 1835 in Férussac and D'Orbigny, 1834-1848)
Architeuthis dux Steenstrup in Harting, 1860
Architeuthis hartingii (Verrill, 1875)
Architeuthis japonica Pfeffer, 1912
Architeuthis kirkii Robson, 1887
Architeuthis physeteris (Joubin, 1900)
Architeuthis sanctipauli (Velain, 1877)
Architeuthis verrilli Kirk, 1882
Bathothauma lyromma Chun, 1906
Bathyteuthis abyssicola Hoyle, 1885
Bathyteuthis bacidifera Roper, 1968
Bathyteuthis berryi Roper, 1968
Batoteuthis skolops Young and Roper, 1968
Belonella belone (Chun, 1906)
Belonella borealis Nesis, 1972
Berryteuthis anonychus (Pearcy and Voss, 1963)
Berryteuthis magister (Berry, 1913)
Brachioteuthis beanii Verrill, 1881 in 1880-1881
Brachioteuthis behnii (Steenstrup, 1882)
Brachioteuthis bowmani Russell, 1909
Brachioteuthis picta Chun, 1910
Brachioteuthis riisei (Steenstrup, 1882)
Chiroteuthis atlanticus (MacDonald and Clench, 1934)
Chiroteuthis calyx Young, 1972
Chiroteuthis diaphana (Verrill, 1884)
Chiroteuthis imperator Chun, 1908
Chiroteuthis joubini Voss, 1967
Chiroteuthis mega (Joubin, 1932)
Chiroteuthis picteti Joubin, 1894
Chiroteuthis spoeli Salcedo-Vargas, 1996
Chiroteuthis veranyi (Férussac, 1834)
Chtenopteryx chuni Pfeffer, 1912
Chtenopteryx sepioloides (Rancurel, 1970)
Chtenopteryx sicula (Verany, 1851)
Cranchia scabra Leach, 1817
Cycloteuthis akimushkini Filippova, 1968
Cycloteuthis sirventi Joubin, 1919
Discoteuthis discus Young and Roper, 1969
Discoteuthis laciniosa Young and Roper, 1969
Dosidicus gigas (D'Orbigny, 1835 in 1834-1847)
Drechselia danae Joubin, 1931
Egea inermis Joubin, 1933
Enoploteuthis anapsis Roper, 1964
Enoploteuthis chunii Ishikawa, 1914
Enoploteuthis galaxias Berry, 1918
Enoploteuthis higginsi Burgess, 1982
Enoploteuthis jonesi Burgess, 1982
Enoploteuthis leptura (Leach, 1817)
Enoploteuthis obliqua Burgess, 1982
Enoploteuthis octolineata Burgess, 1982
Enoploteuthis reticulata Rancurel, 1970
Enoploteuthis semilineata Alexeyev, 1994
Eogonatus tinro (Nesis, 1972)
Eucleoteuthis luminosa (Sasaki, 1915)
Galiteuthis armata Joubin, 1898
Galiteuthis glacialis (Chun, 1906)
Galiteuthis pacifica (Robson, 1948)
Galiteuthis phyllura Berry, 1911
Galiteuthis suhmi (Hoyle, 1886)
Gonatopsis borealis Sasaki, 1923
Gonatopsis japonica Okiyama, 1969
Gonatopsis makko Okutani and Nemoto, 1964
Gonatopsis octopedatus Sasaki, 1920
Gonatopsis okutanii Nesis, 1972
Gonatus antarcticus Lönnberg, 1898
Gonatus berryi Naef, 1923
Gonatus californiensis Young, 1972
Gonatus fabricii (Lichtenstein, 1818)
Gonatus kamtschaticus (Middendorff, 1849)
Gonatus madokai Kubodera and Okutani, 1977
Gonatus onyx Young, 1972
Gonatus oregonensis Jefferts, 1985
Gonatus pyros Young, 1972
Gonatus steenstrupi Kristensen, 1981
Gonatus ursabrunae Jefferts, 1985
Grimalditeuthis bonplandi (Verany, 1839)
Helicocranchia joubini (Voss, 1962)
Helicocranchia papillata (Voss, 1960)
Helicocranchia pfefferi Massy, 1907
Histioteuthis arcturi (Robson, 1948)
Histioteuthis atlantica (Hoyle, 1885)
Histioteuthis bonnellii (Férussac, 1834)
Histioteuthis celetaria (Voss, 1960)
Histioteuthis corona (Voss and Voss, 1962)
Histioteuthis eltaninae Voss, 1969
Histioteuthis heteropsis (Berry, 1913)
Histioteuthis hoylei (Goodrich, 1896)
Histioteuthis macrohista Voss, 1969
Histioteuthis meleagroteuthis (Chun, 1910)
Histioteuthis miranda (Berry, 1918)
Histioteuthis oceani (Robson, 1948)
Histioteuthis reversa (Verrill, 1880)
Hyaloteuthis pelagica (Bosc, 1802)
Idioteuthis cordiformis (Chun, 1908)
Idioteuthis danae (Joubin, 1933)
Idioteuthis famelica (Berry, 1909)
Idioteuthis hjorti (Chun, 1913)
Idioteuthis latipinna Sasaki, 1916
Idioteuthis okutanii Salcedo-Vargas, 1997
Idioteuthis tyroi Salcedo-Vargas, 1997
Illex argentinus (Castellanos, 1960)
Illex coindetii (Verany, 1839)
Illex illecebrosus (Lesueur, 1821)
Illex oxygonius Roper, Lu and Mangold, 1969
Joubiniteuthis portieri (Joubin, 1916)
Kondakovia longimana Filippova, 1972
Lampadioteuthis megaleia Berry, 1916
Leachia atlantica (Degner, 1925)
Leachia cyclura Lesueur, 1821
Leachia ellipsoptera (Adams and Reeve, 1848)
Leachia pacifica (Issel, 1908)
Leachia rynchophorus (Rochebrune, 1884)
Lepidoteuthis grimaldii Joubin, 1895
Liguriella pardus (Berry, 1916)
Liguriella podophthalma Issel, 1908
Liocranchia gardineri Robson, 1921
Liocranchia reinhardti (Steenstrup, 1856)
Liocranchia valdiviae Chun, 1910
Loligo africana (Adam, 1950)
Loligo bleekeri Keferstein, 1866
Loligo forbesii Steenstrup, 1856
Loligo gahi D'Orbigny, 1835 in 1834-1847
Loligo media (Linnaeus, 1758)
Loligo ocula Cohen, 1976
Loligo opalescens Berry, 1911
Loligo pealeii Lesueur, 1821
Loligo pickfordi (Adam, 1954)
Loligo plei Blainville, 1823
Loligo roperi Cohen, 1976
Loligo sanpaulensis Brakoniecki, 1984
Loligo subulata Lamarck, 1798
Loligo surinamensis Voss, 1974
Loligo vietnamensis Nguyen, 1994
Loligo vulgaris Lamarck, 1798
Loliolus affinis Steenstrup, 1856
Loliolus beka (Sasaki, 1929)
Loliolus hardwickei (Gray, 1849)
Loliolus japonica (Hoyle, 1885)
Loliolus sumatrensis (D'Orbigny, 1835 in Férussac and D'Orbigny, 1834-1848)
Loliolus uyii (Wakiya and Ishikawa, 1921)
Lolliguncula argus Brakoniecki and Roper, 1985
Lolliguncula brevis (Blainville, 1823)
Lolliguncula diomedeae (Hoyle, 1904)
Lolliguncula mercatoris Adam, 1941
Lolliguncula panamensis Berry, 1911
Lycoteuthis lorigera (Steenstrup, 1875)
Lycoteuthis springeri (Voss, 1956)
Martialia hyadesii Rochebrune and Mabille, 1889
Mastigoteuthis agassizii Verrill, 1881
Mastigoteuthis atlantica Joubin, 1933
Mastigoteuthis dentata Hoyle, 1904
Mastigoteuthis flammea Chun, 1908
Mastigoteuthis glaukopsis Chun, 1908
Mastigoteuthis grimaldii (Joubin, 1895)
Mastigoteuthis inermis Rancurel, 1972
Mastigoteuthis iselini MacDonald and Clench, 1934
Mastigoteuthis magna Joubin, 1913
Mastigoteuthis psychrophila Nesis, 1977
Mastigoteuthis pyrodes Young, 1972
Mastigoteuthis schmidti Degner, 1925
Mastigoteuthis talismani (Fischer and Joubin, 1907)
Megalocranchia abyssicola (Goodrich, 1896)
Megalocranchia maxima Pfeffer, 1884
Megalocranchia oceanica (Voss, 1960)
Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni Robson, 1925
Moroteuthis ingens (Smith, 1881)
Moroteuthis knipovitchi Filippova, 1972
Moroteuthis lonnbergii Ishikawa and Wakiya, 1914
Moroteuthis robsoni Adam, 1962
Moroteuthis robusta (Verrill, 1876)
Nematolampas regalis Berry, 1913
Neoteuthis thielei Naef, 1921
Nototeuthis dimegacotyle Nesis and Nikitina, 1986
Nototodarus gouldi (McCoy, 1888)
Nototodarus hawaiiensis (Berry, 1912)
Nototodarus sloanii (Gray, 1849)
Octopoteuthis danae (Joubin, 1931)
Octopoteuthis deletron Young, 1972
Octopoteuthis indica Naef, 1923
Octopoteuthis longiptera Akimushkin, 1963
Octopoteuthis megaptera (Verrill, 1885)
Octopoteuthis nielseni (Robson, 1948)
Octopoteuthis rugosa Clarke, 1980
Octopoteuthis sicula Rüppell, 1844
Ommastrephes bartramii (Lesueur, 1821)
Onychoteuthis banksii (Leach, 1817)
Onychoteuthis borealijaponicus Okada, 1927
Onychoteuthis compacta (Berry, 1913)
Onychoteuthis meridiopacifica Rancurel and Okutani, 1990
Onykia appellofi (Pfeffer, 1900)
Onykia carriboea Lesueur, 1821
Onykia indica Okutani, 1981
Onykia intermedia (Pfeffer, 1912)
Onykia platyptera (D'Orbigny, 1834 in 1834-1847)
Onykia rancureli Okutani, 1981
Onykia verrilli (Pfeffer, 1900)
Ornithoteuthis antillarum Adam, 1957
Ornithoteuthis volatilis (Sasaki, 1915)
Parateuthis tunicata Thiele, 1920
Pholidoteuthis adami Voss, 1956
Pholidoteuthis boschmai Adam, 1950
Pickfordiateuthis pulchella Voss, 1953
Pickfordiateuthis vossi Brakoniecki, 1996
Planctoteuthis danae (Joubin, 1931)
Planctoteuthis levimana (Lönnberg, 1896)
Planctoteuthis oligobessa (Young, 1972)
Promachoteuthis megaptera Hoyle, 1885
Psychroteuthis glacialis Thiele, 1920
Pterygioteuthis gemmata Chun, 1908
Pterygioteuthis giardi Fischer, 1896
Pterygioteuthis microlampas Berry, 1913
Pyroteuthis addolux Young, 1972
Pyroteuthis margaritifera (Rüppell, 1844)
Pyroteuthis serrata Riddell, 1985
Sandalops melancholicus Chun, 1906
Selenoteuthis scintillans Voss, 1959
Sepioteuthis australis Quoy and Gaimard, 1832
Sepioteuthis lessoniana Férussac, 1831 in Lesson, 1830-1831
Sepioteuthis loliginiformis (Rüppell and Leuckart, 1828)
Sepioteuthis sepioidea (Blainville, 1823)
Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (Lesson, 1830 in 1830-1831)
Sthenoteuthis pteropus (Steenstrup, 1855)
Taningia danae Joubin, 1931
Taningia persica (Naef, 1923)
Taonius pavo (Lesueur, 1821)
Tetronychoteuthis dussumieri (D'Orbigny, 1839-1842 in Férussac and D'Orbigny, 1834-1848)
Teuthowenia maculata (Leach, 1817)
Teuthowenia megalops (Prosch, 1847)
Teuthowenia pellucida (Chun, 1910)
Thysanoteuthis danae (Joubin, 1933)
Thysanoteuthis nuchalis Pfeffer, 1912
Thysanoteuthis rhombus Troschel, 1857
Todarodes angolensis Adam, 1962
Todarodes filippovae Adam, 1975
Todarodes pacificus (Steenstrup, 1880)
Todarodes sagittatus (Lamarck, 1798)
Todaropsis eblanae (Ball, 1841)
Uroteuthis abulati (Adam, 1955)
Uroteuthis arabica (Ehrenberg, 1831)
Uroteuthis bartschi Rehder, 1945
Uroteuthis bengalensis (Jothinayagam, 1987)
Uroteuthis chinensis (Gray, 1849)
Uroteuthis duvauceli (D'Orbigny, 1835 in Férussac and D'Orbigny, 1834-1848)
Uroteuthis edulis (Hoyle, 1885)
Uroteuthis noctiluca (Lu, Roper and Tait, 1985)
Uroteuthis pickfordi (Adam, 1954)
Uroteuthis reesi (Voss, 1962)
Uroteuthis robsoni (Alexeyev, 1992)
Uroteuthis sibogae (Adam, 1954)
Uroteuthis singhalensis (Ortmann, 1891)
Uroteuthis vossi (Nesis, 1982)
Walvisteuthis virilis Nesis and Nikitina, 1986
Watasenia scintillans (Berry, 1911)

Референце

Литература

Richard Ellis: Riesenkraken der Tiefsee. HEEL-Verlag, Königswinter 2002, ISBN 978-3-89365-876-3.
Kir Nazimovich Nesis: Cephalopods of the World – squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses, and allies. TFH Publ, Neptune City, NJ, 1987, ISBN 978-0-86622-051-4.
Mark Norman: Cephalopods A World Guide. ConchBooks, Hackenheim 2000, ISBN 978-3-925919-32-9.
Cott, Hugh B. (1940). Adaptive Coloration in Animals. Methuen. OCLC 222479116.

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