DNA
DNA sī thoat-sng-hu̍t-thn̂g hu̍t-sng (eng. deoxyribonucleic acid[kai 1]) ê Eng-gí kán-lio̍k, chí 1 khoán kì-chài seng-bu̍t ûi-thoân chu-liāu ê he̍k-sng. Só·-ū ê sè-pau seng-bu̍t kap tōa-hūn ê pēⁿ-to̍k lóng khò DNA chí-tō seng-bu̍t hoat-io̍k ê kòe-thêng. DNA hun-chú sī tn̂g-tn̂g 1 tiâu he̍k-kam-sng ko-chū-bu̍t (polymer). He̍k-kam-sng ê sūn-sī keng-kòe ûi-thoân-bé (genetic code) ê kui-chek tùi-èng kàu nn̄g-pe̍h-chit ê an-ki-sng sūn-sī.
Cho͘-sêng kap kò͘-chō
DNA sī kúi khóan hu̍t-kam-sng hóan-ho̍k pâi-lia̍t ha̍p-sêng ê chi̍t-khóan tn̂g-liān to-thé.[1][2] DNA to-thé lāi ê tan-thé tan-goân hâm lîn-sng-hòa (phosphorylated) ê 2-thoat-sng-hu̍t-thn̂g (2-deoxyribose), keng-kòe glycoside kiat-ha̍p hong-sek chiap tī chi̍t-ê iâm-ki téng. Hia iâm-ki thang hun 4 khoán, to̍h sī adenine, cytosine, guanine ia̍h thymine, in chi kan sī óa-khò phosphodiester kiat-ha̍p sio-chiap--ê. Chiap hó-sè ê tn̂g-liān, àn-chiàu jī-tiông lô-sòaⁿ (double-helix) mô͘-hêng, sī kap lēng-gōa chi̍t tiâu tn̂g-liān siang í chiàn-chhiú hong-hiòng kńg-lê ê hêng-sek, khò chúi-sò͘ kiat-ha̍p ê chok-iōng chiâⁿ tùi ha̍p chò-hóe--ê, siang-pêng ê iâm-ki koh ū it-tēng ê phòe-ha̍p kui-lu̍t. DNA ū khó-lêng í 3 chióng chú-iàu ê kò͘-hêng (conformation) chūn-châi, pau-koat A-DNA, B-DNA kap Z-DNA.[3]
DNA tn̂g-liān ê khoan-tō͘ ū 2.2 kàu 2.6 nano-bí, kî-tiong chi̍t-ê he̍k-kam-sng ê tn̂g-tō͘ ū 0.33 nano-bí.[4] Kui-tiâu DNA chin tn̂g, pí-lūn jîn-lūi ê liám-sek-thé 1 hō ū tāi-iok 220,000,000-ê iâm-ki phòe-tùi (base pair, "iâm-ki" sī he̍k-kam-sng ê chi̍t-pō͘-hūn)[5].
Gián-kiù le̍k-sú
1953 nî, chē-ê gián-kiú-chiá ê lūn-bûn tī tong-nî 4 goe̍h 25 hō ê Nature kho-ha̍k-chì téng-bīn hoat-piáu. Tāi-seng sī Watson kap Crick--ê; koh lâi sī Wilkins, Stokes kap Wilson; tòe āu sī Franklin kap Gosling--ê.[6]
Chù-kái
Chham-chiàu
Su-chì
- Olby, Robert (1994). The Path to the Double Helix: The Discovery of DNA. Dover Publications, Inc. ISBN 978-0-486-68117-7.
